Showing papers in "Journal of Environmental Management in 2011"

TL;DR: It is evident from the literature survey articles that ion-exchange, adsorption and membrane filtration are the most frequently studied for the treatment of heavy metal wastewater.

TL;DR: It was found that ozonation, Fenton/photo-Fenton and semiconductor photocatalysis were the most tested methodologies and combined processes seem to be the best solution for the treatment of effluents containing antibiotics, especially those using renewable energy and by-products materials.

TL;DR: The state factor approach is used to highlight the role of important aspects of climate, substrate, organisms, relief, and time in differentiating urban from non-urban areas, and for determining heterogeneity within spatially extensive metropolitan areas.

TL;DR: Investigation of the influence of pyrolysis temperature on production of wastewater sludge biochar and the properties required for agronomic applications found biochar produced at low temperature was acidic whereas at high temperature it was alkaline in nature.

TL;DR: Thirty five approaches for groundwater treatment have been reviewed and classified under three large categories viz chemical, biochemical/biological/biosorption and physico-chemical treatment processes for a better understanding of each category.

TL;DR: It is evident from the literature survey that photocatalysis has good potential to remove a variety of organic pollutants, however, there is still a need to determine the practical utility of this technique on a commercial scale.

TL;DR: The main findings are that socio-economic drivers have favoured land cover changes contributing to increasing fire hazard in the last decades, and large wildfires are becoming more frequent and increased fire frequency is promoting homogeneous landscapes covered by fire-prone shrublands.

TL;DR: Key elements, processes, and issues in adaptive decision making are highlighted in terms of this framework, and special emphasis is given to the question of geographic scale, the difficulties presented by non-stationarity, and organizational challenges in implementing adaptive management.

TL;DR: Considering systems analysis models and tools in a synergistic way would certainly provide opportunities to develop better solid waste management strategies leading to conformity with current standards and foster future perspectives for both the waste management industry and government agencies in European Union.

TL;DR: The amount of pollution is strongly dependent on the spectral characteristics of the lamps, with the more environmentally friendly lamps being low pressure sodium, followed by high pressure sodium and most polluting are the lamps with a strong blue emission, like Metal Halide and white LEDs.

TL;DR: This review examines the nature of reported impacts of urbanisation on hydrological systems over four decades, including the effects of changes in imperviousness within catchments, and some inconsistencies in studies of the impacts ofurbanisation.

TL;DR: The contamination levels of the heavy metals in the road dust were highly dependent on traffic volume and atmospheric dispersion from traffic rotaries and industrial emissions and the frequency of brake use and vehicles coming to a complete stop were additional factors that affected the contamination levels.

TL;DR: The conceptual underpinnings of adaptive management are simple; there will always be inherent uncertainty and unpredictability in the dynamics and behavior of complex social-ecological systems, but management decisions must still be made, and whenever possible, learning should incorporate learning into management.

TL;DR: Results indicated that residents with very positive environmental and water conservation attitudes consumed significantly less water in total and across the behaviourally influenced end uses of shower, clothes washer, irrigation and tap, than those with moderately positive attitudinal concern.

TL;DR: It is revealed that farmers are quite eco-inefficient, with very few differences emerging among specific environmental pressures, and Common Agricultural Policy agri-environmental programs are an effective policy to improve eco-efficiency, although some doubts arise regarding their cost-benefit balance.

TL;DR: It is considered that successful utilization of living roofs and walls for urban reconciliation ecology will rely heavily on the participation of urban citizens, and that a 'citizen science' model is needed to facilitate public participation and support and to create an evidence base to determine their effectiveness.

TL;DR: This work compares the data requirements, ease of use, questions addressed, and interpretability of results among the models, and suggests gaps in the modeling toolbox that would provide the greatest advances by improving existing tools.

TL;DR: Using a multi-level modelling approach, it is found that there is a positive and significant relationship between the value of urban open space and population density, indicating that scarcity and crowdedness matter, and that thevalue of open space does not vary significantly with income.

TL;DR: This review briefly presents iron and aluminium based adsorbents for arsenic removal and point-of-use adsorptive remediation methods indicate that Sono Arsenic filter and Kanchan™ ArsenIC filter are in operation at various locations of Bangladesh and Nepal.

TL;DR: The results of the column study indicate that biochar could be used as an effective adsorbent for U(VI), as a reactive barrier medium, and efficient in removing U( VI) from groundwater.

TL;DR: A well-designed "direct regulation" appears to be the most effective policy instrument for prompting the positive impact of environmental policies on innovation and intangible performance while economic instruments do negatively affect business performance.

TL;DR: This work outlines nine pathologies and challenges that can lead to failure in adaptive management programs and focuses on general sources of failures in adaptivemanagement, so that others can avoid these pitfalls in the future.

TL;DR: A GIS method is presented to interpret qualitatively expressed socio-economic scenarios in quantitative map-based terms for carbon storage in the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania and quantifying the impacts of differing future scenarios is important if payments for ecosystem services are to be used to change policy in order to maintain critical ecosystem services.

TL;DR: Much of the current literature has gleaned the obvious, broad-scale relationships between WVCs and predictors from available data sets, and localized studies can provide unique and novel results.

TL;DR: Case studies are presented which demonstrate that inorganic contaminants can be degraded in seconds to minutes by ferrate(VI) with the formation of non-toxic products.

TL;DR: It is clear, however, that non-motorised nature based recreation has negative impacts on a diversity of birds from a range of habitats in different climatic zones and regions of the world.

TL;DR: Overall fisheries co-management delivers benefits to end-users through improvements in key process and outcome indicators, and calls in other fields for more systematic approaches to understanding and evaluating governance frameworks are reiterated.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated, through an exercise, how incorporating data on land surface temperature and social factors into heat intervention strategies could contribute to efficient allocation of limited resources and services.

TL;DR: The cupuassu shell (Theobroma grandiflorum) which is a food residue was used in its natural form as biosorbent for the removal of Reactive Red 194 and C.I. Direct Blue 53 dyes from aqueous solutions and the Avrami fractionary-order kinetic model provided the best fit to experimental data.

TL;DR: This work attempts to systematically align sources of uncertainty with the most appropriate decision support methodologies, in order to facilitate cost-effective, risk-based wildfire planning efforts.