Showing papers in "Journal of Ethnopharmacology in 1993"

TL;DR: The data suggest that boswellic acids are specific, non-redox inhibitors of leukotriene synthesis either interacting directly with 5-lipoxygenase or blocking its translocation.

TL;DR: All four oils have a biotoxic effect, the most active being those from Calamintha and Thymus, and their antimicrobial and fungicide activities evaluated on the basis of their minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration.

TL;DR: Screening of 132 extracts from Argentine folk-medicinal plants for antimicrobial activity has been conducted using a penicillin G resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Aspergillus niger as test microorganisms.

TL;DR: Water, ethanol, chloroform and hexane extracts of Acalypha wilkesiana leaves were investigated for in vitro antimicrobial activities by agar-diffusion and tube-dilution techniques and the aqueous extract was found to be static in action while the ethanolic extract was uniformly cidal in effect.

TL;DR: The botanical contributions required for ethnopharmacological research thus include adequate naming of the material and deposition of properly labelled voucher specimens in at least two public herbaria.

TL;DR: A list of flowering plants used for the treatment of snakebite has been complied from a variety of literature sources and the identity and mode of action of the chemical substances which might be responsible is discussed.

TL;DR: The traditional utilization of plants as medicine in the Mediterranean region has been investigated and sixty-nine medicinal plants have been identified with the vernacular names, the parts used, the methods of preparing the drugs and their traditional usages.

TL;DR: A total of 315 extracts/fractions from 63 traditionally used Ethiopian plants were subjected to antimicrobial screening using known strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella gallinarum, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida albicans; all of the plants showed activity against one or more of the microorganism(s).

TL;DR: The isolation and characterisation of natural products from African plants without biological testing has yielded several compounds of novel structure, which constitutes the majority of all the recent publications on African medicinal plants.

TL;DR: Andrographolide, the active constituent isolated from the plant Andrographis paniculata, showed a significant dose dependent protective activity against paracetamol-induced toxicity on ex vivo preparation of isolated rat hepatocytes and was found to be more potent than silymarin, a standard hepatoprotective agent.

TL;DR: The NAPRALERT database on natural products will be described with the goal of illustrating how it may be used in the drug development process, and attendees at the Congress were given an opportunity to query the database on-line from Uppsala to Chicago.

TL;DR: The study shows that hepatoprotective activity of Ea is by regulating the levels of hepatic microsomal drug metabolising enzymes, including amidopyrine N-demethylase and adenosine 5'-triphosphatase.

TL;DR: This paper reviews anthropological methods in ethnopharmacology to advance a critical and biobehavioral perspective for the construction of primary data in the light of indigenous paradigms of health and therapeutics.

TL;DR: The results of an investigation carried out from April 1990 to October 1991 in the Amalfitan Coast, Salerno Province (Southern Italy) show that one hundred and twenty-five species used in traditional medicine, belonging to 53 families, were unknown in Italian phytotherapy or present an unknown therapeutic use.

TL;DR: Ten medicinal plants used for the treatment of various microbial infections were studied for their antibacterial activity, hoping that this study might lead to the discovery of new compounds that could be used to formulate new and more potent antimicrobial drugs, that might overcome the problem of resistance to the currently available anti-microbial agents.

TL;DR: This study focused its attention on four medicinal plants used by Caboclo communities on Marajó, the main island of the Amazon delta, and showed significant bioactivity and chemical tests confirmed the presence of bioactive compounds.

TL;DR: The study of Apocynaceae species used in traditional medicine reveals that 25 species in 16 genera are of ethnobotanical interest and it is possible that the alkaloids play an important role in the medicinal value of the plants.

TL;DR: Fifty-three Angiosperm species, which are used by traditional healers in five regions of Eastern Tanzania (Coast, Dar es Salaam, Kilimanjaro, Morogoro and Tanga), are listed.

TL;DR: The activity of nine ethanolic extracts against enterobacteria, particularly Acalypha guatemalensis, Diphysa robinioides, Lippia dulcis, Psidium guajava and Spondias purpurea was confirmed and the plants with antibacterial activity are discussed.

TL;DR: Further evaluation of seven American plants against four pathogenic fungi is reported, the part showing most activity, the best solvent and, in three cases, the minimal inhibitory concentration against the fungus in pure culture are reported.

TL;DR: The Brazilian Foundation of Medicinal Plants has developed a medicinal plant database that includes plant species, family, local name, part used, extract analyzed, claimed therapeutic action, pharmacological activity and active compounds.

TL;DR: This review summarizes the most important results of a plant screening program performed in the author's laboratory during the last 10 years to search for new plant constituents with potential pharmacological activity in the field of inflammation in general, allergic asthma, immunodeficiencies and cardiovascular diseases.

TL;DR: There should be more efforts focused on the development of ethnomedicines because of their accessibility and acceptability in areas where modern medicine is not readily available.

TL;DR: By means of modern scientific research, a strategy towards antiageing drugs is presented, one of the effective routes is to select the candidates based on their ethnopharmacological usages, followed by immunological investigation in connection with other anti ageing experimentation.

TL;DR: The plant extracts and fractions show a protective antimutagenic effect in vitro against photomutagenesis induced by 8-methoxy-psoralen (8-MOP) plus UVA in S. typhimurium TA 102 by the subject's urine.

TL;DR: The role of saponins and saponin-containing plants in the control of schistosomiasis is outlined and a variety of modern separation techniques, including prenylated xanthones, tetracyclic phenols and sap onins have been isolated.

TL;DR: Results indicate that the extracts of Mitracarpus villosus leaves and inflorescences were fungistatic at lower concentrations and fungicidal at higher concentrations.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the K+ ion content of Portulaca oleracea is at least partly responsible for the relaxant effect observed on the isolated rat diaphragm.

TL;DR: Given the rich biological and cultural heritage of Zagori, this work has tried to evaluate the present status concerning the medicinal flora of the area and its uses in the everyday life of theZagori inhabitants.

TL;DR: A special set of herbal classification codes is proposed, which are fully compatible with the so-called ATC-classification, which is endorsed by the Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization as the drug classification to be used in international pharmacoepidemiological studies.