Showing papers in "Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery in 2019"
TL;DR: GS-441524 was shown to be a safe and effective treatment for FIP and the optimum dosage was found to be 4.0 mg/kg SC q24h for at least 12 weeks.
Abstract: ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of the nucleoside analog GS-441524 for cats suffering from various forms of naturally acquired feline infectious peritonitis...
138 citations
TL;DR: This review draws on an extensive literature base in veterinary and human medicine, including the recently updated guidelines of the International Society for Companion Animal Infectious Diseases for the diagnosis and management of bacterial urinary tract infections in dogs and cats.
Abstract: Practical relevance:Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an important cause of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD), particularly in female cats older than 10 years of age. In addition to cats wi...
35 citations
TL;DR: This article reviews the use, advantages, disadvantages and limitations of the two validated pain scales, and presents a practical, stepwise approach to feline pain recognition and assessment using a dynamic and interactive process.
Abstract: Practical relevance:Pain assessment has gained much attention in recent years as a means of improving pain management and treatment standards. It has become an elemental part of feline practice wit...
35 citations
TL;DR: This study provides initial evidence for the validity and reliability of a novel HRQoL instrument to aid the assessment and management of chronic diseases of cats.
Abstract: ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to develop a valid, reliable, web-based generic feline health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) questionnaire instrument to measure the affective impact of c...
33 citations
TL;DR: Feline reproductive management should be adjusted for latitude owing to different climate and daylight patterns that may have an impact on feline reproduction.
Abstract: ObjectivesFertility and reproductive management were investigated, via questionnaires, in breeding establishments of Norwegian Forest Cats, Maine Coon, Persian and Bengal cats in Italy.MethodsSix B...
28 citations
TL;DR: An outbreak of tuberculous disease commencing with six young cats, living exclusively indoors in five different households across England, being presented to separate veterinarians across the UK with a variety of clinical signs provides compelling, if circumstantial, evidence of an association between the commercial raw diet of these cats and their M bovis infections.
Abstract: ObjectivesMycobacterium bovis, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, can infect cats and has proven zoonotic risks for owners. Infected cats typically present with a history of outdoo...
27 citations
TL;DR: The CSU-FAPS showed moderate-to-good inter-rater reliability when used by veterinarians to assess pain level or need to reassess analgesic plan after ovariohysterectomy in cats, and fell short of current guidelines for correlation coefficients.
Abstract: ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine the inter-rater reliability and convergent validity of the Colorado State University Feline Acute Pain Scale (CSU-FAPS) in a preliminary appra...
23 citations
TL;DR: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) were the most common cause of skull fractures, occurring in 89% of cats, and caused fractures of multiple regions of the skull, with the mandible, upper jaw and craniofacial regions most commonly affected.
Abstract: ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to describe and evaluate the configurations and management of feline skull fractures and concurrent injuries following head trauma.MethodsMedical records and CT ...
22 citations
TL;DR: Survival and complication rates of TPA-treated cats and SOC- treated cats for acute FATE were similar, andLimb score and proportion of congestive heart failure at admission was similar in both groups.
Abstract: ObjectivesThrombolytic therapy is a treatment of choice for people with acute ischemic events, but is uncommonly administered for feline aortic thromboembolism (FATE). This study reports selected c...
22 citations
TL;DR: The cat-appeasing pheromone is a promising treatment for the management of aggression between housemate cats in multi-cat households via a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial of 45 multi- cat households.
Abstract: ObjectivesAggression and social tension among housemate cats is common and puts cats at risk of injury or relinquishment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a new pheromone product in reducing aggression between housemate cats.MethodsA new pheromone product (Feliway Friends) containing a proprietary cat-appeasing pheromone was evaluated for efficacy in reducing aggression between housemate cats via a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial of 45 multi-cat households (pheromone [n = 20], placebo [n = 25]) reporting aggression for at least 2 weeks. Each household had 2–5 cats. Participants attended an educational training meeting on day (D) –7 and the veterinary behaviorist described behaviors to be monitored for 7 weeks using the Oakland Feline Social Interaction Scale (OFSIS), which assessed the frequency and intensity of 12 representative aggressive interactions. Participants were also provided with instructions for handling aggressive events, including classical ...
20 citations
TL;DR: Fractures in the nasopharynx, orbit, nose, upper jaw, intermaxillary suture and zygomatic arch regions (the ‘mid-face’) are likely to occur together and the pattern of distribution of mandibular fractures is not as predictable as that for maxillary fractures.
Abstract: ObjectivesThe aim of this retrospective study was to describe the location and distribution of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) fractures in 45 cats presented to a veterinary referral centre between 2012 ...
TL;DR: In cases with a high index of suspicion of disease, RT-qPCR targeting FCoV in MLN FNA can provide important information to support the ante-mortem diagnosis of non-effusive FIP.
Abstract: ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate a feline coronavirus (FCoV) reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) on fine-needle aspirates (FNAs) from mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) colle...
TL;DR: Chronic pain is a feline health and welfare issue and it has a negative impact on quality of life and impairs the owner-cat bond as mentioned in this paper. But chronic pain can exist by itself or may be associa...
Abstract: Practical relevance:Chronic pain is a feline health and welfare issue. It has a negative impact on quality of life and impairs the owner–cat bond. Chronic pain can exist by itself or may be associa...
TL;DR: FCoV was detected in low concentration in tissues of control animals, confirming the ability of FCoV to spread systemically and underestimating the sensitivity of the RT-qPCR.
Abstract: ObjectivesThe amino acid substitutions M1058L and S1060A in the spike protein of feline coronavirus (FCoV) have been postulated to be responsible for the development of the pathogenic feline infect...
TL;DR: Clinical signs, as well as routine blood-work changes, were non-specific and thus proved to be insufficient to diagnose pancreatitis and proved SNAP fPL to be a valuable tool to exclude or include pancreatitis in an emergency setting.
Abstract: ObjectivesPancreatitis is a frequent disease in cats for which the ante-mortem diagnosis remains challenging Feline pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (fPLI) has been reported to have a high sensi
TL;DR: This article reviews the main forms of aggression in multi-cat households and the appropriate behavioral interventions, considering both the typical scenarios and emotions/motivations most likely involved, as well as an approach to friendly cat introductions.
Abstract: Practical relevance:Being able to understand and intervene in cases of cat–cat aggression in multi-cat households is important for all veterinarians and behavior counsellors dealing with feline beh...
TL;DR: Aggression towards owners is a common behavioural problem in cats as mentioned in this paper, particularly in cats that have been obtained from pet shops or other sources where there has been inadequate training and supervision.
Abstract: Practical relevance:Aggression towards owners is a common behavioural problem in cats, particularly in cats that have been obtained from pet shops or other sources where there has been inadequate s...
TL;DR: Cats with FCGS were significantly more likely to come from shared households, and had significantly more total cats per household compared with controls, and Multivariate analysis showed that cats in shared households had a significantly increased odds of FCGS compared with those from single-cat households.
Abstract: ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine whether feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is more prevalent in shared vs single-cat households, whether the number of cohabiting cats or outdo...
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to assist clinicians in differentiating feline asthma from feline HWD, with the emphasis on distinguishing clinical features, as well as on diagnostics, therapy and prognosis.
Abstract: Practical relevance:For feline practitioners, the cat with a cough or respiratory distress and thoracic radiographs with a bronchial or bronchointerstitial pattern suggests lower airway disease. Tw...
TL;DR: This version of the Guidelines builds upon the first feline zoonosis panel report, published in 2003, and provides an updated reference list and recommendations.
Abstract: Aim:The overarching purpose of the 2019 AAFP Feline Zoonoses Guidelines (hereafter referred to as the ‘Guidelines’) is to provide accurate information about feline zoonotic diseases to owners, phys...
TL;DR: Applying multimodal environmental enrichment and modification (MEMO) to cats with signs of FLUTD independent of diagnosis should be considered.
Abstract: Case series summaryWhile descriptions of cats with recurrent episodes of feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) exist, little is published on cats with recurrent episodes of feline lower urinary tract di...
TL;DR: Methadone produced clinically superior postoperative analgesia for the first 8 h after neutering than buprenorphine when used within the QUAD protocol.
Abstract: ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the analgesic efficacy of methadone vs buprenorphine within the QUAD protocol for anaesthesia in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy.MethodsOne hun...
TL;DR: An integrated multidisciplinary diagnostic pathway is proposed to be used for the management of clinical cases and for future prospective studies on feline hyperaesthesia syndrome and tail mutilation.
Abstract: This was a retrospective study on the clinical features and response to treatment in seven cats with feline hyperaesthesia syndrome (FHS) and tail mutilation. FHS is a poorly understood disorder characterised by skin rippling over the dorsal lumbar area, episodes of jumping and running, excessive vocalisation, and tail chasing and self-trauma. The majority of the cats were young, with a median age of 1 year at the onset of clinical signs, male (n = 6) and with access to the outdoors (n = 5). Multiple daily episodes of tail chasing and self-trauma were reported in five cats, with tail mutilation in four cats. Vocalisation during the episodes (n = 5) and rippling of lumbar skin (n = 5) were also reported. Haematology, serum biochemistry, Toxoplasma gondii and feline immunodeficiency virus/feline leukaemia virus serology, MRI scans of brain, spinal cord and cauda equina, cerebrospinal fluid analysis and electrodiagnostic tests did not reveal any clinically significant abnormalities. A definitive final diagnosis was not reached in any of the cats, but hypersensitivity dermatitis was suspected in two cases. A variety of medications was used alone or in combination, including gabapentin (n = 6), meloxicam (n = 4) antibiotics (n = 4), phenobarbital (n = 2), prednisolone (n = 2) and topiramate (n = 2); ciclosporin, clomipramine, fluoxetine, amitriptyline and tramadol were used in one cat each. Clinical improvement was achieved in six cases; in five cats complete remission of clinical signs was achieved with gabapentin alone (n = 2), a combination of gabapentin/ciclosporin/amitriptyline (n = 1), gabapentin/prednisolone/phenobarbital (n = 1) or gabapentin/topiramate/meloxicam (n = 1).
TL;DR: CD and neoplasia were the most common causes for feline pleural effusion and age, liver enzymes, as well as cell count, protein and glucose levels in the effusion can aid in the investigation of underlying aetiologies.
Abstract: ObjectivesPleural effusion is a common presenting cause for feline patients in small animal practice. The objectives of this study were to identify possible correlations between the aetiology of ef...
TL;DR: Feline URTI and URTD cause substantial impact in Australia, being most commonly associated with M felis and FCV infection, according to a comprehensive assessment of feline infectious upper respiratory tract infection and disease in Australian cats.
Abstract: ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive assessment of feline infectious upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) and disease (URTD) in Australian cats.MethodsLaboratory data ...
TL;DR: Clinical features seen in cats with low STT-1 values are described, although the association between aqueous deficiency and the reported ocular changes is unknown, to provide a better understanding of disease prevalence, pathogenesis and treatment.
Abstract: ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to describe the clinical findings, diagnostic test results and response to therapy of cats with Schirmer tear test 1 (STT-1) values below the reference interval....
TL;DR: Feeding sIgY significantly reduced aFel d1 in the saliva of cats within 3 weeks, and shows promise for an alternative approach to the management of allergies to cats.
Abstract: ObjectivesFel d1 is the major cat allergen, causing IgE reactions in up to 90% of cat-allergic adults. Fel d1 secreted in saliva is spread to the haircoat during grooming. Current management includ...
TL;DR: The S-shaped cardboard scratcher was a preferred scratcher for kittens and catnip or odor of other cats did not alter this behavior in kittens.
Abstract: ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine kitten preferences towards different scratchers and the effects of catnip and cat odor on kitten scratching behaviors.MethodsTwo-choice prefer...
TL;DR: IV Cri of lispro insulin has few side effects and appears to be as effective as IV CRI of regular insulin in the treatment of cats with DKA.
Abstract: ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lispro insulin for the treatment of feline diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Times to resolution of hyperglycaemia, ketosis and acidosis were compared between cats treated with continuous rate infusion (CRI) of lispro insulin and cats treated with CRI of regular insulin.MethodsClient-owned cats with naturally occurring DKA, newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) or already receiving treatment for DM, were included. Diagnosis of DKA involved the presence of at least two clinical signs consistent with DKA (eg, polyuria/polydipsia, anorexia, severe lethargy, vomiting and dehydration), blood glucose (BG) concentration >13.9 mmol/l (>250 mg/dl), blood beta hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentration >2.5 mmol/l and venous pH <7.3 or bicarbonate <15 mEq/l. Cats were treated with a standard protocol of an intravenous (IV) CRI of regular insulin (group R) or lispro insulin (group L). The time to resolution of DKA was defined as the time interval f...
TL;DR: The ultrasonographic examination and appearance of the normal and diseased pancreas is discussed, aimed at general practitioners who wish to improve their knowledge of and confidence in feline abdominal ultrasound.
Abstract: Practical relevance:Abdominal ultrasound plays a vital role in the diagnostic work-up of many cats presenting to general and specialist practitioners. Ultrasound examination of the pancreas is a vi...