Showing papers in "Journal of Hazardous Materials in 1989"

TL;DR: In this article, a warning system effectiveness is critically important in selecting an appropriate emergency warning system to alert to the public to potential danger, and the authors discuss the importance of selecting appropriate warning system.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the blast characteristics of small quantities of a range of primary explosives and pyrotechnic compositions, and found that the results show good performance in terms of blast characteristics.

TL;DR: An electrical method for locating leaks in geomembrane liners was developed and demonstrated for a wide variety of applications as discussed by the authors, using a doubled-lined physical model to demonstrate the applicability of the method for a variety of drainage layers under various test conditions.

TL;DR: In this article, the impact of diurnal temperature and moisture profile variations on contaminant transport in the top soil was studied using a one-dimensional transporter using a single-dimensional model.

TL;DR: Involuntary risk has a new meaning today than the term did when used in 1969 by Chauncey Starr as mentioned in this paper, who believed that the public, in its trust in authority, would accept an imposed risk, and he saw the difficulty with involuntary risk as one of delay in feedback time.

TL;DR: In this article, experiments were carried out in a 7.62 cm (3″) fluidized bed incinerator to evaluate the effectiveness of lead capture by limestone during fluidized-bed incineration of lead contaminated solid wastes.

TL;DR: A multifaceted experimental and theoretical program aimed at understanding rotary kiln performance is underway as mentioned in this paper, which involves university, industry, and government participation and is broken into distinct sub-programs: full-scale in situ sampling and kiln-simulator experimentation.

TL;DR: In this paper, the principles of the adaptation of animal probits to human mortality were examined and sixteen factors by which human populations differ from caged animals were found to differ from animals.

TL;DR: In this article, the results of thermal stability of composite modified double base propellants (CMDB) by using tests applicable for double base liquid chromatography (HPLC) and shelf life estimation of CMDB propellants by application of the autoignition test and monitoring stabilizer depletion by HPLC were reported.

TL;DR: The results of this investigation indicate the need for reconsideration of the OECD guideline 403 (LC-50) on acute inhalation toxicity and found that using one animal per sex, 20–25 trials suffice to establish the concentration-time-mortality relationship.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review on the problems with the identification of hazards and assessing the risks is presented, with special emphasis given to the critical evaluative criteria for hazard identification.

TL;DR: In this paper, the major vibrational bands and thermal stability of the carbonate, sulfate, silicate, water and nitrate species are tabulated and discussed in comparison to uncontaminated Portland cement.

TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical study of the statistical properties of the number of people killed in a site in an industrial plant as the result of a toxic spill is presented. And the effect on the percentage mortality rate of ignoring the between-spill variability is illustrated with reference to a hypothetical spill of 20 tonnes of chlorine.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the regulations that affect hazardous-waste treatment, storage, and disposal have become increasingly stringent in recent years, leading to dramatic increase in costs.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the problem of identifying easily measured surrogates for products of incomplete combustion (PICs) from hazardous wastes incinerators from hazardous waste incinerators.

TL;DR: There was a statistically significant increase in the frequency of alveologenic carcinoma in the high dose group mice, when compared with the controls, and certain other anthraquinone dyes have been shown to be mutagenic and carcinogenic in experimental animals.

TL;DR: In this paper, a large number of reports of incidents involving the accidental release of ammonia were studied and a method was used to predict the consequences of the two relatively well documented ammonia accidents at Po

TL;DR: On Tuesday, March 24, 1987, 15,000 persons were evacuated from communities surrounding a fire at the Spencer Metal Company in Nanticoke, Pennsylvania as discussed by the authors, which killed 15 persons.

TL;DR: A brief overview of the history and controversy surrounding incomplete combustion (PIC) is presented in this article, where chemical kinetic and mechanistic arguments are used to identify pathways of formation of higher-molecular-weight chlorinated PICs.

TL;DR: The smoke was of low lethal toxicity in mice and rats, but there was an excess of early deaths amongst the guinea pigs dosed at the highest smoke concentration (304 mg/m 3 ).

TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental study has been carried out in a wind tunnel in order to provide exact correlations for predicting flame length of fires of high source momentum (Q* > 1).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a study which was initiated by the BITC (Bureau International Technique du Chlore) and carried out at the Von Karman Institute for The main purpose of the project was the setting up of a suitable mathematical model and associated computer code to describe the down-wind dispersion o In studies on toxic gases, typical concentrations are usually low and the “hazard range” we are interested in is a long way from the source.

TL;DR: In this paper, the fate and transport processes of a gasoline phase from the point of spillage or leakage through the unsaturated region were investigated. But the authors focused on defining the fate of the gasoline phase.

TL;DR: In this article, a set of system specifications for the optimal performance of such an instrument is given for real-time analysis of organic compounds in a variety of environmental samples and for on-line realtime monitoring of industrial chemical processes.

TL;DR: In this article, the feasibility of using the Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) as a key component in an on-site biological reagent was investigated, and it was shown that the SBR can be used in an off-site environment.

TL;DR: Mice and rats were exposed to the smoke produced by ignition of a red phosphorus pyrotechnic composition, 1 h/d, 5d/week, at two different dose levels, as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, a mathematical model was developed to estimate the release and transport of chlorinated solvents from hazardous waste sites located in the vadose zone, and the model formulation accounts for container degradation, interphase mass transfer, waste decomposition, soil temperature effects on physical and chemical properties of the waste, and mass transport through geologic media.