Showing papers in "Journal of Hazardous Materials in 1991"

TL;DR: In this article, the results of porous media experiments comparing the extraction efficiency of over 100 surfactants indicate that solubilization ability is the most important factor; although both the extent of reduction of interfacial tension and the tendency to form spontaneous emulsions must be considered.

TL;DR: It can be concluded that biodegradation of phenolic waste is a viable treatment option because the organisms, through their metabolic processes, reduced the waste concentrations below the authors' detection limits.

TL;DR: In this paper, the pre-adsorption of organic contaminants is reviewed and presented as a potential extension of existing solidification processes for the successful treatment of mixed organic/inorganic wastes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the results of 849 differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiments for 820 reactive chemicals are presented, and it is shown that it is possible to classify and to predict the thermal hazards of reactive chemicals by two-dimensional representation in terms of To and Q.

TL;DR: Aerobic bioremediation of jet fuel in contaminated soil in an unsaturated vadose zone at Hill Air Force Base, Utah, was stimulated by soil venting.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated 14 hazardous gas models using data from the Desert Tortoise ammonia (NH 3 ) and Goldfish hydrogen fluoride (HF) field experiments using data collected from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).

TL;DR: In this paper, the contribution of human error and sociotechnical failures to pipework failure frequencies was analyzed and a failure classification scheme has been proposed to classify failure frequencies.

TL;DR: The authors in this paper evaluated in situ hydrogen peroxide stability and biological oxygen utilization for the biodegradation of JP-4 jet fuel at Eglin Air Force Base in northwest Florida.

TL;DR: In this paper, the optimal design, installation, and operation of a soil vapor extraction system is discussed, and a large number of pilot-based systems are used for removing a wide range of volatile chemicals.

TL;DR: A review of the state-of-the-art of soil cleaning technologies and their applicability to Superfund sites in the United States is presented in this paper, where three generic types of extractive treatments are identified for cleaning excavated soils: water washing augmented with a basic or surfactant agent to remove organics, and water washing with an acidic or chelating agent, and organics-solvent washing to remove hydrophobic organics and PCBs; and air or steam stripping to remove volatile organics.

TL;DR: The potential success of engineering procedures to enhance degradation rates depends to a large degree upon the complexity of the hydrogeology at a given site, and most remediation approaches are rendered difficult if not impossible.

TL;DR: This work has shown that in situ in situ bioremediation is cost effective, available and demonstrated and can be adapted to a broad variety of situations.

TL;DR: In this article, hydrogenolysis is one of the most promising innovating technologies because it allows the toxic organic chlorides to change quickly into their correspon-tation.

TL;DR: In this article, the dolomite inerting requirements of coal dust/air and methane/coal dust/Air mixtures have been determined experimentally and all tests were conducted at

TL;DR: The effects of hydraulic conductivity and injection velocity on microbial transport through porous media were investigated in this paper, where glass chromatography columns were packed separately with clean quartz sand of two diameters (0.368mm or 0.24O mm).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report measurements of removal coefficients for three volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a fine sandy loam soil and show that organic vapors are sorbed and then removed by biodegradation in the unsaturated soil system.

TL;DR: A literature search and review has been carried out to assess the state of knowledge with regard to PLG vessel failure modes and mechanisms, release severity, projectile hazards, and blast effects as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: The resistivity of barrier elastomer membranes to the presence of hazardous liquids has been studied from immersion/dimensional change measurements in this article, where diffusion coefficients have been calculated for each of the elastomers and their dependencies on concentration have been investigated.

TL;DR: In 1990, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency issued a public solicitation for proposals to the bioremediation industry on testing the efficacy of commercial microbial products for enhancing degradation of weathered Alaskan crude oil as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed to use catalytic hydrogenation as a possible alternative to thermal incineration for the disposal of hazardous organic waste liquids, based on the fact that the toxicity of organic liquid wastes is caused mainly by compounds containing heteroatoms in their chemical structure.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the impact of a major train derailment and toxic spill in Livingston, Louisiana, a rural community in the United States, through data collected under a court-order and introduced as evidence in class-action litigation.

TL;DR: In this paper, a laboratory microcosm procedure using sandy soil from an aviation gasoline spill site was used to measure relative kinetics of some fuel vapors, and the rate of vapor degradation was a controlling parameter in the design of a bioventing system.

TL;DR: In this article, the results from an oil spill bioremediation project have demonstrated convincingly that fertilizers can be applied to oiled beaches to overcome nutrient limitations, thereby enhancing biodegradation of the oil.

TL;DR: A facility closure investigation at a tannery in Berkeley, California showed sludges containing concentrations of chromium in the range of 1,000 to 40,000 mg/kg on a dry weight basis as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, a mathematical model has been derived from Le Chatelier's law to estimate the flammable limits of vapors in air and the parameters of the model are obtained.

TL;DR: Two quantities relevant to self heating, activation energy of ignition and thermal diffusivity, have been measured for three different Thai lignites as discussed by the authors, and they have been shown to be relevant for self heating.

TL;DR: A long-term health risk assessment based on a multi-media, multi-pathway approach for biodegradable volatile organic compounds is presented in this paper, where the authors present a long term risk assessment for volatile organic compound.