Showing papers in "Journal of Infection in 2004"

TL;DR: The concept of quarantines dates back to 1377 when the Rector of the seaport of Ragusa (then belonging to the Venetian Republic) officially issued a 30-day isolation period for ships, that became 40 days for land travellers as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: Although feral pigeons pose sporadic health risks to humans, the risk is very low, even for humans involved in occupations that bring them into close contact with nesting sites, and the immunocompromised patient may have a nearly 1000-fold greater risk of acquiring mycotic disease from feral pigeon and their excreta than does the general population.

TL;DR: The low incidence of uncommon strains would suggest that transmission, or at least the establishment of an animal rotavirus or a human/animal reassortant virus in the human population does not happen with any great frequency.

TL;DR: The immunologic impact of recurrent coinfections has the potential to increase viral replication, viral genotypic heterogeneity and CD4 T lymphocyte loss, leading to accelerated decline in immune function, reduced survival and increased HIV-1 transmission risk.

TL;DR: Some of the unique aspects of tuberculosis infection in children are described, the epidemiology of disease in children worldwide is reviewed and accurate information on the extent and distribution of disease is not available for most of the world.

TL;DR: The PROTEKT US study confirms the widespread prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among common bacterial respiratory pathogens in the US, and re-affirms the importance of continued surveillance to guide optimum empiric therapy for patients with Community-acquired respiratory tract infections (CARTIs).

TL;DR: Higher proportion of patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis had FP; preceding BP was a significant risk factor for development of FP and technique failure; Abdominal pain+/-fever in patients and catheter in situ were identified as risk factors associated with mortality.

TL;DR: A case of a patient with recurrent CRS successfully treated with 70% ethanol locks is described, showing that Ethanol is an effective antiseptic.

TL;DR: The higher incidence ofEAEC, the most frequent DEC category, among children with diarrhoea, suggests a potential role of EAEC as an important enteric pathogen in the community investigated.

TL;DR: This study highlights the seasonal variation of ALRI and allows the implementation of adequate healthcare strategies and practice guidelines.

TL;DR: The model introduced in the present study may contribute to a better understanding of the nature of the interaction between dermatophytes and skin cells in dermatophytosis process.

TL;DR: It appears that the combination of an effective antiviral and steroid was associated with a better outcome, and a Randomized therapeutic trial should be conducted to ascertain the relative usefulness of antiviral alone or in combination with steroid.

TL;DR: Infectious diseases, especially tuberculosis, were the leading diagnostic category of FUO in this study and adult Still's disease was more common than expected.

TL;DR: NPCM should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of expanding lesions of the CNS and meningoencephalitis and there was good response to sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprin treatment.

TL;DR: Gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution should be a significant improvement on currently available fluoroquinolones mainly due to enhanced activity against streptococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci (which accounted for almost one-third of ocular pathogens).

TL;DR: The professional moral duty of health care workers (HCWs) in the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003 is examined to find a middle ground for reasonable expectations from HCW when treating diseases that have serious risk of infection.

TL;DR: The application of PCR to the explanted valves in patients with possible or confirmed diagnosis can augment the Duke criteria thereby improving post-surgical antimicrobial therapeutic options, and its role in establishing the diagnosis of IE.

TL;DR: The serum PCT may be clinically useful for determining the severity of Kawasaki disease and for narrowing the differential diagnosis of patients with inflammatory diseases.

TL;DR: Surveillance blood cultures, especially performed on effective antibiotic therapy, may be a simple and cost-effective way to select a population at risk for secondary metastatic infection from SAB.

TL;DR: Screening the drug target DNA such as folP, rpoB, gyr, and 23S rRNA of drug resistance strain of M. leprae in Korea should leads to a better understanding of the status of multidrug resistant leprosy in Korea and may assist in the rapid diagnosis of drug resistant M. prae and the choice of the appropriate treatment regimens.

TL;DR: Evidence of the immunostimulating and antimicrobial properties of lithium and antidepressants are presented and it is proposed that these properties are linked to the antiprostaglandin actions of these compounds.

TL;DR: The licensed viral vaccines, some of their safety concerns, and the advances in the development of investigational viral vaccines are reviewed.

TL;DR: In a primary care setting, the use of statins and/or fibrates may add to the complexity of HIV care, with only modest lipid lowering effects.

TL;DR: Another dramatic presentation of Scopulariopsis species infection, widely disseminated infection, in a child after stem-cell transplantation with graft versus-host-disease who failed lipid amphotericin B therapy as well as voriconazole plus caspofungin combination therapy is described.

TL;DR: This diagnosis should be suspected in patients with severe malaria who develop focal neurological deficits and confirmed by appropriate imaging; judicious use of local thrombolytic therapy may help improve outcome.

TL;DR: Out study showed that home IV therapy is well tolerated, is less costly, is not associated with any major disadvantage to QOL or clinical outcomes compared to hospital therapy, and is an appropriate treatment option for selected patients.

TL;DR: The first case reported of Tsukamurella as a pathogenic agent in an AIDS patient is reported and a successful oral antibiotic regimen with fluoroquinolone and rifampin is proposed to treat infections secondary to this uncommon micro-organism.

TL;DR: Although the highest incidence of positivity was observed by gene amplification both in WBCs and secretion from non-pregnant than in pregnant women, the rate of viral detection was statistically similar for both groups.

TL;DR: Among the variables tested, the modifiable risk factor is smoking; if smoking was reduced at home, the number of cases of invasive disease could be reduced in children, mainly in those under 5 years of age.

TL;DR: In the studied time period both reactivation and recent transmission were contributing to annual new TB cases in Tehran.