Showing papers in "Journal of Management in 1996"

TL;DR: This article examined the effects of transformational leader behaviors on followers' attitudes, role perceptions, and "in-role" and "citizenship" behaviors in a manner consistent with the predictions of Howell, Dorfman and Kerr (1986).

TL;DR: The authors review literature addressing boards of directors from the perspective of the control, service, and resource dependence roles that directors are hypothesized to fulfill, with particular focus on that research reported after the Zahra and Pearce (1989) compendium.

TL;DR: A model of the development and outcomes of dynamic core competences based on organizational meta-learning is presented, which can be leveraged to create growth alternatives of global diversification, new applications of existing technologies and/or the development of new lines of business.

TL;DR: In this paper, the potential effects of attrition in longitudinal research are addressed and a procedure for assessing its effects is recommended, using data collected from a random sample of employed adults in the US regarding job satisfaction, job characteristics, demographics and mood.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reconcile some basic concepts from competitive strategy and manufacturing strategy by developing strategic configurations which describe commonly used paths to competitive advantage for manufacturers, and identify four basic strategic configurations: niche differentiator, broad differentifier, cost leader, and lean competitor.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors attempt to separate myth from reality by reviewing research results pertinent to two questions: are whistle-blowers really crackpots and do most of them suffer retaliation following their actions?

TL;DR: In this paper, two fundamental contrasts among major organizational paradigms are used to construct a typology of organizational learning: these are voluntarism vs. determinism, and methodical vs. emergent behavior.

TL;DR: This paper argued that the value of pre-startup planning is context-dependent, and suggested that the importance of planning is not only related to the success but also to the survival of new small businesses.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined how executives' perceptions of the environment affected their decisions to collect strategic information and found that strategic importance was the primary determinant of environmental scanning, while perceived variability interacted with importance to positively affect environmental scanning.

TL;DR: In this article, a multidimensional conceptualization of underemployment in terms of education, work duties, field of employment, wages, and permanence of the job is presented.

TL;DR: A review of research into the relationships between psychological types, as measured by the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), and managerial attributes, behaviors and effectiveness can be found in this article.

TL;DR: This article found that the discrepancy between individuals' assessments of the current culture and their ideal culture explained significant variance in two organization-focused affective outcomes, organizational commitment and optimism about the organization's future.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a review of empirical research to identify and identify the antecedent conditions that lead to downscoping and its outcomes, including changing environmental conditions, firm governance, ineffective strategy, poor performance, and financial restructuring.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined rates of entrepreneurship over time in the U.S. economy and found strong support for the argument that variations in rates of entrepreneurial activity follow a Schumpeterian model.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a rationale whereby a firm might elect a CEO or board dominance structure as compared to more balanced governance structures, and suggest that the efficacy of such choices may depend on several attendant conditions including the portfolio exposure and globalization of the firm, its ownership patterns (e.g., five percent owners, institutional investors, positions held by other corporations).

TL;DR: It is proposed that as IP requirements increase, there is greater reliance on normative and self-management control strategies for effective task completion, however, these high IP capability strategies will be effective only to the extent that the opportunity for control loss inherent in these strategies is reduced through investments in bonding and trust.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that behavioral concepts of risk, specifytally decision-maker risk perceptions and propensity, are key to understanding the process by which acquisition candidates are selected, the characteristics of pre-acquisition evaluation and negotiations, and approaches to post-incapacitated integration.

TL;DR: This paper examined the extent to which synergies between process, content, and context explained the peformance of a geographic segment of the hospital industry, and found that both process and content were significantly related to performance, including process/content interactions significantly enhanced explanation of performance.

TL;DR: This article examined whether diverse groups react differently to politics in the workplace as a function of understanding and found that understanding moderated the relationships between dimensions of politics perceptions and employee reactions for white males but not for racial/ethnic minorities, as hypothesized.

TL;DR: This paper examined the degree to which Japanese expatriates returning home from international assignments exhibit single or dual commitments; they also analyzes the antecedents of such commitments upon repatriation, and found that Japanese repatriates in this study exhibited a single, global commitment to the organization.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined seven theoretical propositions concerning the link between business-level competitive strategy and pay policy, and found that inferior firm performance is associated with the lack of fit between pay policy and business strategy.

TL;DR: A comparison of the perceptions about organizational fit of white female, African-American, and Hispanic managers to those of white male managers revealed that African-Americans managers reported significantly poorer organizational fit compared to other subgroups as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: This paper examined the causes and consequences of such strategic simplicity in two very different environments: the stable furniture industry and the more turbulent software industry, and found that simplicity was inversely related to managerial discomfort and administrative slack, and positively associated with financial liquidity.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed 20 multitrait-multirater performance appraisal matrices and found that the correlated uniqueness model was appropriate significantly more often than in the Becker and Cote5 study and the other two models performed poorly.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compare and contrast loglinear modeling and logistic regression analysis and demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of each technique, and provide a formal comparison of the statistical assumptions and numerical calculation problems for both of these techniques.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the failure of 73 firms that declared bankruptcy from 1980 to 1986 with the behavior of 73 matching firms that had not failed over the same period, and concluded that debt-funded, forced-growth strategies create a high risk of failure regardless of industry growth rate.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the application (or lack thereof) of social science theory to grievance research, and argue that theory in grievance research should advance at two levels: the comprehensive systems approach, and the application of specific social science theories to narrower aspects of the grievance process.

TL;DR: This article reviewed the techniques for detecting latent variable interactions and quadratics and made suggestions for substantive researchers to apply nonlinear structural equation analysis to the problem of latent variable interaction detection and quadratic analysis.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a new categorization methodology to identify mergers with and without strategic fits, and found that acquired firms' shareholders benefit more in purely related acquisitions than in purely unrelated acquisitions.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the impact of corporate governance and ownership context on a particular instance of board entrenchment: adoption of classified board provisions, and found that increased outsider representation measured simply as a proportion of outsiders does not affect the rate of adoption, while reliance on a more fine grained measure, which includes other affiliations of outsiders, results in a marginally significant influence.