Showing papers in "Journal of Membrane Science in 2002"

TL;DR: In this paper, a biphenol-based wholly aromatic poly(arylene ether sulfone)s containing up to two pendant sulfonate groups per repeat unit were prepared by potassium carbonate mediated direct aromatic nucleophilic substitution polycondensation of disodium 3,3′-disulfonate-4,4′-dichlorodiphenylsulfone (SDCDPS), 4, 4′-dimethylactamide (DCDPS).

TL;DR: In this article, polysulfone (PSF) membranes were prepared via the phase inversion process from casting solutions consisting of PSF, n-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), and polyvinylpyrrinidone(PVP).

TL;DR: In this paper, the structure of nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes modified using graft polymerization of acrylic (AA) monomers was visualized and analyzed using attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.

TL;DR: In this article, the development of fouling in a cross-flow microfilter coupled to an anaerobic bioreactor has been studied, and a characteristic two-stage transmembrane pressure (TMP) profile was observed with an initially extended period of slow TMP rise followed by a sudden transition to a rapid TMP increase.

TL;DR: In this article, a complete and permanent hydrophilic modification of polyethersulfone (PES) membranes is achieved by argon plasma treatment followed by polyacrylic acid (PAA) grafting in vapor phase.

TL;DR: In this article, the role of hydrodynamics (initial permeate flux and crossflow rate) and divalent cations (calcium) in natural organic matter (NOM) fouling of nanofiltration (NF) membranes is reported.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the surface energies of several membranes and colloids using the Lifshitz-van der Waals acid-base approach and found that all of the studied membranes have substantially low surface energies compared to the colloids.

TL;DR: In this paper, a new organic-inorganic composite membranes based on sulfonated polyetherketone (SPEK) for application in the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) were synthesized.

TL;DR: In this article, the Fourier transform Raman (FT-Raman) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes with different porous structures were obtained by the phase inversion process using different casting solvents.

TL;DR: Oxygen plasma treatment was used to change the hydrophobic polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane to a hydrophilic membrane and the contact angle of water decreased with increasing the oxygen plasma treated time as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, the current trends of industrial pervaporation (PV) and vapour permeation (VP) in Europe and the USA after the great changes that have been occurring since 1995 are reviewed.

TL;DR: In this paper, a model for permeation in oxide-coated gas barrier films is proposed, which accounts for diffusion through the amorphous oxide lattice, nano-defects within the lattice and macro-Defects.

TL;DR: Electrodialysis in the presence of chelate-forming agents is effective on the selective permeation of specific cations that have low complex formation constants with the agents through the membrane without any decrease in the current efficiency.

TL;DR: In this paper, general aspects and perspectives of heterogeneous photocatalysis for the treatment of polluted aqueous effluents are presented, where various configurations of photocatalytic membrane reactors (PMRs) are reported.

TL;DR: In this article, the preparation and characterization of porous ceramic multilayer nanofiltration (NF) membranes is described, where the macroporous substrate, the membrane interlayers and the active NF toplayer is a very thin and fine textured polymeric TiO 2 toplayer.

TL;DR: In this article, a phase-inversion technique was used to obtain asymmetric poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes from 14 to 20% solids including PVC and additives.

TL;DR: In this paper, a first estimate of methanol permeability properties of polyethersulfone (PES)/sulfonated poly sulfone (SPSf) and polyetheretherketone (SPEEK) is presented.

TL;DR: In this article, a mixture of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and a free-radically synthesized amphiphilic comb polymer having a methacrylate backbone and poly(ethylene oxide) side chains was used to obtain a membrane with a surface coverage of up to 50 vol.

TL;DR: The microstructure and composition of the PEG-grafted polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were characterized by attenuated total reflectance (ATR) FT-IR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used CFD simulations to determine mass transfer coefficients and power consumption of commercial net spacers and optimized the geometry of the spacer geometries in terms of mass transfer and energy consumption.

TL;DR: In this paper, a series of partially sulfonated polystyrene copolymers (SSEBS) was synthesized and the sulfonation was characterized qualitatively by a Fourier transform-infra red (FT-IR) and quantitatively by an elementary analysis.

TL;DR: In this paper, a cross-flow nanofiltration of a model sugar solution and a commercial galacto-oligosaccharide mixture has been studied with a crossflow filtration unit in an attempt to investigate the significance of the operating parameters and evaluate a possible purification process.

TL;DR: In this article, the role of membrane material (composition) and structure (degree of asymmetry) in the modification of polysulfone (PSf) and polyethylene (PE) membranes was investigated.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a fundamental understanding of the underlying mechanisms governing humic acid fouling during microfiltration using a combined pore blockage-cake filtration model.

TL;DR: In this article, Zirconium-doped perovskite-type membrane materials of BaCo0.4Fe0.6O3−δ with mixed oxygen ion and electron conductivity were synthesized through combining citric and EDTA acid complexes.

TL;DR: In this paper, a suitable reference membrane for the modified fouling index (MFI0.45), based on cake filtration, was investigated using polysulphone (PS) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) UF membranes of 1-100kDa molecular-weight cut-off (MWCO) in tap water experiments.

TL;DR: In this article, a novel approach in the treatment of olive mill wastewater is presented, based on a preliminary rheological characterization of the waste and on the evaluation of permeation efficiency that was analyzed as a function of several parameters such as the importance of pre-treating wastewater, the effects of localized turbulence, promoted by UF module geometry, and of the main operating variables (transmembrane pressure and feed flow rate).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the oxygen vacancy diffusion coefficients at different temperatures and determined the oxygen permeation flux at different oxygen partial pressures in the shell side and different temperatures between 700 and 900 degreesC.

TL;DR: A series of solvent resistant polyimide membranes, with nominal molecular weight cut-offs (MWCO) between 230 and 700 Da, were evaluated through high pressure filtration of six solutes dissolved in toluene.

TL;DR: In this article, a thin film containing the mixture of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and Nafion on a commercial perfluorosulfonic membrane (Nafion, Dupont) was used to evaluate the membrane's performance.