Showing papers in "Journal of Membrane Science in 2007"

TL;DR: In this article, a new concept for formation of mixed matrix reverse osmosis membranes by interfacial polymerization of nanocomposite thin films in situ on porous polysulfone supports is reported.

TL;DR: In this article, an analytical overview of the potential of pervaporation for separating liquid mixtures in terms of the solubility parameter and the kinetic parameter of solvents is provided.

TL;DR: In this article, the current state of the art in filtrations by using the nanofibrous filtering media is addressed. But, the development objectives for improving the Nanofiber based filtering media are lower energy consumption, longer filter life, high filtration capacity and easier maintenance; which are elaborated from manufacturing point of view.

TL;DR: An overview of recent developments in membrane technology is provided, focusing on the special characteristics of the membrane systems that are now used for the commercial production and purification of recombinant protein products.

TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of addition nano-sized TiO2 particles on the morphologies and properties of polysulfone (PSF)/TiO2 organic-inorganic composite UF membranes were investigated through the methods of SEM, XRD, DSC, contact angle goniometer, viscosity measurements, UF experiments and mechanical strength tests.

TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of polyamide (PA) composite reverse osmosis (RO) membranes is essentially determined by a dense skin layer several hundred nanometers thick, and improved understanding of this critical thin layer will likely advance our understanding and control of membrane fouling and trace organics rejection.

TL;DR: “biofilm-enhanced osmotic pressure” plays a dominant role in RO biofouling, with scanning electron microscope images of dead cells and biofilm supporting these proposed mechanisms.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of the literature on cleaning of nanofiltration membrane to regenerate membrane performance has been published up to date, and there is an urgent need for extensive research work to investigate fouling mechanisms in order to obtain fundamental understanding of fouling to provide more feasible, cost-effective cleaning and performance restoration procedures.

TL;DR: In this paper, two membrane-based energy conversion techniques are evaluated: pressure-retarded osmosis and reverse electrodialysis, with respect to power density and energy recovery.

TL;DR: In this article, polyacrylonitrile-graft-poly(ethylene oxide) (PAN-g-PEO) was used as an additive in the manufacture of novel PAN UF membranes.

TL;DR: In this article, a critical comparison of dense polymeric membrane capture processes versus amine absorption when applied in a post-combustion (i.e., flue gas treatment) situation is provided.

TL;DR: Fouling of reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes by humic acid, a recalcitrant natural organic matter (NOM), was systematically investigated in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the carbon nanotubes were functionalized with long chain alkyl amines to facilitate dispersion in the polysulfone matrix, and both permeability and diffusivities of the membranes increased with increasing weight fraction of carbon nanitubes at 4 atm.

TL;DR: In this article, the influence of CO 2 on the oxygen permeation performance of perovskite-type (Ba 0.5 Sr 0.8 Fe 0.2 )O 3− δ (BSCF) membranes under different experimental conditions is presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the hypochlorite degradation of polyamide reverse osmosis (RO) membranes and proposed a method to develop membranes with improved resistance to chlorine attack.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of feed solution chemistry (calcium concentration, ionic strength, and solution pH) and feed foulant composition on fouling of RO membranes by bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, polysulfone nanofibers were electrospun into membranes and their ability to remove micro-particles from solution was investigated, and the membrane had a bubble-point of 4.6μm and was able to remove above 99% of 10, 8 and 7μm particles without any permanent fouling.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of different non-solvents on the morphology of the PVDF membranes was investigated and it was found that weak coagulants such as water/methanol (20/80, w/w) can induce a three-dimensional porous structure on PVDF membrane with high surface and bulk porosities, big pore size, sharp pore sizes, high surface contact angle and high permeability but rather weak mechanical properties.

TL;DR: In this paper, the roles of RO membrane surface properties in membrane fouling by two model biopolymers, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and sodium alginate, were investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured water permeation, desorption, and permeation in and through Nafion 112, 115, 1110 and 1123 membranes as functions of temperature between 30 and 90°C.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used Potentiometric titration, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) and thermal gravimetric analyses (TGA) to identify differences between pristine and crosslinked chitosan membranes.

TL;DR: In this article, an organic-inorganic hybrid (mixed matrix) asymmetric hollow fiber membranes were spun via a dry jet-wet quench procedure using surface modified inorganic small pore size zeolite incorporated in an Ultem® 1000 polyetherimide matrix.

TL;DR: In this article, the ability of different geometrical models to describe the experimental relative permeability data is discussed, which leads to the conclusion that it is necessary to consider the polydispersity of the impermeable filler shapes and to take into account the presence of surfactant located at the inorganic surface to appropriately model the transport properties of the nanocomposites in a large range of nanoclay contents.

TL;DR: In this article, solvent stable organic solvent nanofiltration membranes were obtained through chemical crosslinking of integrally skinned Lenzing P84 polyimide membranes using aliphatic diamines.

TL;DR: In this article, polyethersulfone (PES)/cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) blend ultrafiltration (UF) membranes were prepared with phase inversion induced by immersion precipitation method.

TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that growth of microorganisms belonging to the δ- and ɛ-subclass of Proteobacteria as well as the members of the Cytophaga–Flavobacterium cluster increased at longer SRTs.

TL;DR: In this paper, the evolution of membrane fouling by sodium alginate, a microbial polysaccharide, is studied in ultra-filtration, aiming at identifying the significance of distinct fouling mechanisms and their degree of reversibility by backwashing.

TL;DR: In this article, two kinds of polypropylene capillary membranes were used in the membrane distillation (MD) process of tap water, and they exhibited a similar morphology, but one of them has an additional low porosity layer on the internal surface of capillaries.

TL;DR: In this article, a closed cycle pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) process known as an osmotic heat engine (OHE) is presented, using semi-permeable membranes to convert thermal energy into mechanical work.