Showing papers in "Journal of Modern Optics in 1986"
TL;DR: In this paper, a thin-film optical filter was proposed for thin-filtered optical filters. But the method was not suitable for optical filters with high power and low memory.
Abstract: (1986). Thin-film Optical Filters. Optica Acta: International Journal of Optics: Vol. 33, No. 11, pp. 1336-1336.
675 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the principles and practice of optical fiber communications are discussed, and the authors propose a framework for optical fiber communication based on the principles of principle and practice, which they call Optica Acta.
Abstract: (1986). Optical Fiber Communications: Principles and Practice. Optica Acta: International Journal of Optics: Vol. 33, No. 6, pp. 685-685.
403 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a theory is developed which calculates the positions of unbound mode index dark lines in planar waveguide systems, by means of evaluating the surface reflectivity at the coupling prism.
Abstract: A theory is developed which calculates the positions of unbound mode index dark lines in planar waveguide systems, by means of evaluating the surface reflectivity at the coupling prism. This method is shown to explain some extra observed dark mode lines which are not predicted by other theories. Values calculated for typical ion-implanted waveguide profiles are compared favourably with those obtained from other approximations.
371 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, small refracting and absorbing spherules, each of radius a, have coagulated into a sparse random cluster with fractal dimension D (for smok...
Abstract: Scalar or vector light of wavelength 2~/k strikes N small refracting and absorbing spherules, each of radius a, which have coagulated into a sparse random cluster with fractal dimension D (for smok...
295 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the zero-order diffraction efficiency anomalies of a corrugated dielectric waveguide were studied theoretically in detail and a new and surprising phenomenon was observed: the efficiency changes from 0 to 100 per cent in the vicinity of the excitation of guided waves.
Abstract: The zero-order diffraction efficiency anomalies of a corrugated dielectric waveguide are studied theoretically in detail. A new and surprising phenomenon is observed: the efficiency changes from 0 to 100 per cent in the vicinity of the excitation of guided waves. The fundamental parameters of the system are found in the case where only one order is propagating and some of their properties are shown. The behaviour of the efficiency curves is explained by a phenomenological theory and a comparison with numerical rigorous results is made.
244 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived the depolarization index and the direct and reciprocal polarization indices from the Mueller matrix of any optical system and used them to estimate the power of the optical system.
Abstract: The depolarization index and the direct and reciprocal polarization indices may be derived from the Mueller matrix of any optical system. These indices give direct information about the depolarizing and polarizing power of the optical system.
241 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the principles of optical disc systems are discussed and discussed in terms of the principle of optical Disc Systems (PDS) and its application in optical networks. And they are discussed in detail.
Abstract: (1986). Principles of Optical Disc Systems. Optica Acta: International Journal of Optics: Vol. 33, No. 6, pp. 687-687.
191 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the current state of development of fiber optic sensors, including those based on both monomode and multimode technology, is reviewed, including their application in the measurement of temperature, pressure, strain, flow, rotation and magnetic field.
Abstract: In this paper we review the current state of development of fibre optic sensors, including those based on both monomode and multimode technology. For monomode techniques, a general formalism describing their optical characteristics is developed; electronic processing techniques and noise performance are also considered. Examples of their application in the measurement of temperature, pressure, strain, flow, rotation and magnetic field are described. Extrinsic devices such as velocimeters and vibrometers, and applications in holography, are also discussed. Multimode techniques based on intensity and wavelength modulation and quantum effects are considered, and their application to a wide range of measurands is reviewed.
162 citations
101 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an Introduction to Classical and Modern Optica Optica Acta: International Journal of Optics: Vol 33, No 7, pp 822-823.
Abstract: (1986) Introduction to Classical and Modern Optics Optica Acta: International Journal of Optics: Vol 33, No 7, pp 822-823
81 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the Fraunhofer and Fresnel diffraction patterns produced by a thin linear axicon when it is illuminated by a plane wavefront were determined, and an interferometric method of recording zone plates using linear axicons was presented.
Abstract: We determine the Fraunhofer and Fresnel diffraction patterns produced by a thin linear axicon when it is illuminated by a plane wavefront. An interferometric method of recording zone plates using linear axicons is presented.
TL;DR: In this article, the Opto-Mechanical Systems Design (OMD) was studied in the context of Optica Acta: International Journal of Optics: Vol. 33, No. 11, pp. 1335-1336.
Abstract: (1986). Opto-Mechanical Systems Design. Optica Acta: International Journal of Optics: Vol. 33, No. 11, pp. 1335-1336.
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of an exact method, based on the integration of a Langevin equation, are compared with an approximate method in which uncorrelated gamma-distributed cross-section contributions are passed through a linear filter selected to give the correct autocorrelation properties.
Abstract: This paper discusses methods which can be employed in the simulation of correlated K -distributions which are of importance in the prediction of radar clutter. The results of an exact method, based on the integration of a Langevin equation, are compared with an approximate method in which uncorrelated gamma-distributed cross-section contributions are passed through a linear filter selected to give the correct autocorrelation properties. The exact method obviously satisfies all the criteria for K-distributed correlated noise, however it suffers from the disadvantage, at present, of being restricted to one-dimensional fluctuations having a single exponential autocorrelation function. On the other hand, the approximate method has the advantage of being applicable to arbitrary clutter spectra in either one or two dimensions at the expense of only representing the second-order correlation moments precisely.
TL;DR: In this article, the stationary energy density at any point O is shown to satisfy Uv r Wk2/3 ~ c provided (a) O is many wavelengths from the nearest object and (b) after the light has first passed through the neighbourhood of O, any which is subsequently reflected or scattered back to O can be neglected.
Abstract: If light of power W and wavenumber approximately k is concentrated by a passive device (such as a lens or mirror), the stationary energy density Uv attainable at any point O is shown to satisfy Uv r Wk2/3 ~ c provided (a) O is many wavelengths from the nearest object and (b) after the light has first passed through the neighbourhood of O, any which is subsequently reflected or scattered back to O can be neglected. The right-hand side of the inequality is subject to a fractional error O(ik/k), where ik is the range of wavenumbers present.
TL;DR: In this article, the Molecules and Radiation: An Introduction to Modern Molecular Spectroscopy (MRS) is presented. But it is not a complete overview of modern molecular spectroscopy.
Abstract: (1986). Molecules and Radiation: An Introduction to Modern Molecular Spectroscopy. Optica Acta: International Journal of Optics: Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 220-220.
TL;DR: In this article, a fringe-evaluation system for a vibration measurement is presented, which is based on the phase-shifting method in real-time holographic interferometry.
Abstract: A fringe-evaluation system for a vibration measurement is presented, which is based on the phase-shifting method in real-time holographic interferometry. Phase-shifted real-time holographic interferograms are acquired by a TV camera when stroboscopically illuminating the object of interest. An arctangent calculation with phase-shifted fringe patterns gives a phase distribution proportional to the displacement of the object, including the initial phase of the vibration. The effects of the time-integration of the real-time fringe, which involves a reduction in fringe contrast and phase error in the arctangent calculation, are analysed theoretically. Experimental demonstrations are also presented for two cases: vibration which is spatially uniform; and vibration in which the initial phase is non-uniform.
TL;DR: In this paper, the propagation of light pulses with partial spatial and temporal coherence is analyzed and it is shown that the introduction of the second-order coherence function enables the description of both spatial and time radiation characteristics to be described in the angular spectrum approach.
Abstract: The propagation of light pulses with partial spatial and temporal coherence is analysed. It is shown that the introduction of the second-order coherence function enables the description of both spatial and temporal radiation characteristics to be described in the angular spectrum approach. A strong correlation between the spatial and temporal parameters is obtained.
TL;DR: In this article, the Rayleigh-Fourier method and the method of Chandezon et al. were compared with respect to the threshold truncation value and the thickness of the coating layer.
Abstract: The Rayleigh-Fourier method and the method of Chandezon et al. for the calculation of diffraction efficiency of sinusoidal metal, dielectric and coated dielectric gratings are compared with respect to the threshold truncation value and the thickness of the coating layer. For shallow gratings the convergence of the two methods is practically one and the same. However, for deeper gratings the method of Chandezon et al. is more powerful. It is shown that for coated dielectric gratings the thickness of the layer imposes a limit on the truncation value, the limitations being weaker for the method of Chandezon et al.
TL;DR: In this article, a systematic approach to the use of entropy as a measure of noise and order in quantum optical fields is developed, which is expressed in terms of both the eigenvalues of this operator and the quasidistribution function related to antinormal ordering of the field operators.
Abstract: A systematic approach to the use of entropy as a measure of noise and order in quantum optical fields is developed. The general definition of entropy, adopting the density matrix, is expressed in terms of both the eigenvalues of this operator and the quasidistribution function related to antinormal ordering of the field operators. Special states of optical fields, such as the Fock state, the coherent state, the chaotic state, single-mode and multimode two-photon coherent states, squeezed states and the shifted gaussian state, including the time development under a particular interaction, are considered. The general conclusions reached are illustrated by numerical results.
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that a group of two-level atoms initially in the deexcited state induce squeezing in a coherent single-mode field, and this effect occurs at the onset of interaction, and so could be more easily observed than the delayed effect predicted in the corresponding maser system.
Abstract: It is shown that a group of two-level atoms initially in the de-excited state induce squeezing in a coherent single-mode field. This effect occurs at the onset of interaction, and so could be more easily observed than the delayed effect predicted in the corresponding maser system.
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of the errors of the retardation and azimuth angle of the polarization components of a phase shifter on phase measurement in phase shifting interferometry was investigated.
Abstract: We have investigated the influence of the errors of the retardation and azimuth angle of the polarization components of a polarization phase shifter, on the phase measurement, in phase shifting interferometry.
TL;DR: In this paper, a time-development operator is used to describe the intense-field excitation of three-level atomic systems by laser pulses of arbitrary shape, and the pulses are divided into small elements f...
Abstract: A time-development operator technique is used to describe the intense-field excitation of three-level atomic systems by laser pulses of arbitrary shape. The pulses are divided into small elements f...
TL;DR: In this paper, the statistics of doubly scattered laser speckle, in which the size of the diffracting aperture is arbitrary relative to the spatial scales of the incident random field and the random diffuser in the aperture, is studied.
Abstract: The statistics of doubly scattered laser speckle, in which the size of the diffracting aperture is arbitrary relative to the spatial scales of the incident random field and the random diffuser in the aperture, is studied. The diffracted amplitude of the combined speckle and diffuser fields (both of which are spatially stationary) is shown to be non-stationary. A further spatial averaging can be carried out to yield an intensity correlation function (termed the asymptotically stationary intensity correlation function) which depends upon a single spatial variable and thus possesses a power spectrum. Numerical calculations are carried out for representative situations, and their physical interpretations are discussed.
TL;DR: The efficiency of an important class of Newton methods for solving overdetermined sets of nonlinear equations is tested in finding the solution to the two-dimensional phase problem and it is seen that the nonlinearity and number of local minima of the cost function increases dramatically with the size of the object array.
Abstract: The efficiency of an important class of Newton methods (the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm) for solving overdetermined sets of nonlinear equations is tested in finding the solution to the two-dimensional phase problem. It is seen that the nonlinearity and number of local minima of the cost function increases dramatically with the size of the object array, making these methods of little practical use for sizes greater than 6 2 6.
TL;DR: The radius of curvature at the top of small liquid drops has been determined both visually and by means of differential interferometry in reflected light (microscope Epival Interphako, Carl Zeiss-Jena) as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The radius of curvature at the top of small liquid drops has been determined both visually and by means of differential interferometry in reflected light (microscope Epival Interphako, Carl Zeiss-Jena) Systematic errors in the interferometric measurements have not been found within the investigated interval of curvatures A comparison between the data for aqueous and mercury drops showed that there is no pronounced effect of the reflectivity of the surface on the accuracy of the interferometric measurements
TL;DR: In this article, a focus of constant diameter and constant position can be realized if the output beam of the laser is varying in diameter only, and the variation of the output-beam divergence can be compensated by a different optical system.
Abstract: This paper deals with the focusing of multimode radiation. Two special types of resonator are presented: type 1 produces constant beam radius at varying internal thermal lensing and type 2 has, under some conditions, constant beam divergence. It will be shown that by suitable imaging, a focus of constant diameter and constant position can be realized, if the output beam of the laser is varying in diameter only. Variation of the output beam divergence can be compensated by a different optical system.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Anisotropie de la distribution d'intensite optique et du degre de coherence spectrale du champ emis par une source (modele de Schell) gaussienne anisotrope dans une section transversale perpendiculaire a l'axe du faisceau as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Anisotropie de la distribution d'intensite optique et du degre de coherence spectrale du champ emis par une source (modele de Schell) gaussienne anisotrope dans une section transversale perpendiculaire a l'axe du faisceau