Journal of Nutritional Disorders & Therapy 

About: Journal of Nutritional Disorders & Therapy is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Population & Overweight. It has an ISSN identifier of 2161-0509. Over the lifetime, 193 publications have been published receiving 1435 citations.

The availability, affordability and consumption of fruits and vegetables in 18 countries across income levels: Findings from the prospective urban rural epidemiology (PURE) study

Abstract: Several international guidelines recommend the consumption of two servings of fruits and three servings of vegetables per day, but their intake is assumed to be low worldwide. We aimed to work out the extent to which such low intake is said to availability and affordability. We assessed fruit and vegetable consumption using data from country-specific, validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires within the prospective urban rural epidemiology (PURE) study, which enrolled participants. We documented household income data from participants in these communities; we also recorded the range and non-sale prices of fruits and vegetables from grocery stores and market places

Prevalence of Malnutrition and Associated Factors Among Children Aged 6-59 Months at Hidabu Abote District, North Shewa, Oromia RegionalState

Abstract: Introduction: Malnutrition continues to be a major public health problem in developing countries. It is the most important risk factor for the burden of diseases. In Ethiopia, child malnutrition rate is one of the most serious public health problem and the highest in the world. High malnutrition rates in the country pose a significant obstacle to achieving better child health outcomes. Objective: To assess prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among children aged 6-59 months at Hidabu Abote district, North shewa, Oromia. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted on 820 children aged 6-59 months from September 8-23, 2012 at Hidabu Abote district. Multistage sampling method was used to select households. Children were selected from each kebeles by simple random sampling. Anthropometric measurements and structured questioners were used .Data were processed using EPi-info soft ware and exported to SPSS for analysis. Then after, sex, age, height and weight transferred with HHs number to ENA for SMART 2007software to convert nutritional data into Z-scores of the indices; Height-for-age, weight-for-height and weight-for-age. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify associated factors of malnutrition. Results: The analysis this study revealed that, 47.6%, 30.9% and 16.7% of children were stunted, underweight and wasted, respectively. The main associated factors of stunting were found to be child age, family monthly income, children were received butter as pre-lacteal feeding and family planning. Underweight was associated with number of children HHs and children were received butter as per-lacteal feeding. Treatment of water in HHs the only variable associated with wasting. Conclusion and recommendation: From the findings of this study, it is concluded that malnutrition is still an important problem among children aged 6-59 months. Therefore, especial attention should be given on intervention of malnutrition.

Digestion of Protein in Premature and Term Infants

Abstract: Premature birth rates and premature infant morbidity remain discouragingly high. Improving nourishment for these infants is the key for accelerating their development and decreasing disease risk. Dietary protein is essential for growth and development of infants. Studies on protein nourishment for premature infants have focused on protein requirements for catch-up growth, nitrogen balance, and digestive protease concentrations and activities. However, little is known about the processes and products of protein digestion in the premature infant. This review briefly summarizes the protein requirements of term and preterm infants, and the protein content of milk from women delivering preterm and at term. An in-depth review is presented of the current knowledge of term and preterm infant dietary protein digestion, including human milk protease and anti-protease concentrations; neonatal intestinal pH, and enzyme activities and concentrations; and protein fermentation by intestinal bacteria. The advantages and disadvantages of incomplete protein digestion as well as factors that increase resistance to proteolysis of particular proteins are discussed. In order to better understand protein digestion in preterm and term infants, future studies should examine protein and peptide fragment products of digestion in saliva, gastric, intestinal and fecal samples, as well as the effects of the gut micro biome on protein degradation. The confluence of new mass spectrometry technology and new bioinformatics programs will now allow thorough identification of the array of peptides produced in the infant as they are digested.

Malnutrition and its Correlates among Rural Primary School Children of Fogera District, Northwest Ethiopia

Abstract: Background: Malnutrition is a major public health concern affecting a significant number of school children influencing their health, growth and development, and school academic performance. Objective: To determine the nutritional status of school children in terms of stunting, underweight and thinness and to identify its correlates at Fogera woreda, Northwest Ethiopia, 2012. Methods: Institutional and community based cross sectional study was conducted from June to December, 2012. The study included 790 primary school children who were selected from the source population by multi stage random sampling technique. Data were collected through interview with parents with a standardized and pretested questionnaire; microscope, physical examination and anthropometric measuring and data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 and AnthroPlus softwares. Binary and Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with malnutrition among school children. Results: Prevalence of malnutrition was high among school children aged six to fourteen years old (mean age 11.4 ± 2.1 years); Study contents include questionnaire surveys, anthropometric measurement, observation and laboratory methods. Finally 790 school-age students took part in study. The results showed that the overall prevalence of stunting, underweight and thinness were 243 (30.7%), 96 (59.7%) and 294 (37.2%). Those children who were found to be both stunted and underweight were only 1.01% (8). Rice consumption, family size, Family radio, infection, vaccination, latrine availability were significantly associated with malnutrition. However, statistically significant association was not found between malnutrition and parasitic infection and other health conditions. Conclusion: In concluding, the study found high prevalence of malnutrition (stunting, thinness and underweight). Vaccination, family planning, latrine construction and utilization, rice production and prevention and early treatment of infection were identified as essential interventions to reduce the risk of malnutrition. Ownership of radio should be promoted to reduce malnutrition. However, parasitic infection among primary school children was not significantly associated with malnutrition. But, school children should be targeted to deworming to treat parasitic infections.

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Stunting, Underweight and Wasting: A Community Based Cross Sectional Study among Children Age 6-59 Months at Lalibela Town, Northern Ethiopia

Abstract: Background: Children are most vulnerable to malnutrition in developing countries because of low dietary intakes, lack of appropriate care, and inequitable distribution of food within the household. Malnutrition remains one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among children throughout the world. Malnutrition In Ethiopia, in the form of stunting, underweight and wasting were identified as 44%, 29% and 10% and Amhara National region state 52%, 33.4% and 9.9%, respectively in children under five. Objective: To determine the prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among Children age 6-59 Months in Lalibela Town, Northern Ethiopia Methods: A-Community based cross-sectional study was conducted from August 19 to September 13, 2012 in Lalibela town, Northern Ethiopia which includes both urban and rural settings. Data were collected from 844 households with children age 6-59 months using pre tested structured questionnaires and measuring weight and height of children. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used using SPSS version 16 computer software to see the relevant associations. Anthropometric data were also converted into indices of nutritional status using Emergency Nutrition Assessment for SMART special software, 2012. Results: A total of 844 households were included in the study giving the response rate 100%. The prevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting were 47.3% (95%CI: 43.2-51.1), 25.6% (95%CI: 20.6-30.6) and 8.9% (95% CI: 6.9-10.2), respectively. Among the various socio-economic,demographic and child health and care practices characteristics considered, age of the child 11-23 months (AOR= 2.30; (95%CI: 1.28-4.12), Deworming status (AOR=2.19; (95% CI: 1.41-3.39), sex of the child(AOR= 0.75; (95% CI: 0.57-1.00) and breast feed the child still now(AOR= 0.40;(95% CI: 0.20-0.78) remained to be significantly associated with stunting. Middle wealth quintile to the households (AOR=0.51; (95%CI: 0.28-0.91), age of the child 23-35 months(AOR=2.29; (95%CI: 1.14-4.61), number of children aged 6-59 months in the household (AOR=1.61; (95%CI: 1.08-2.41) and giving honey to the child in the morning (AOR=1.52; (95%CI: 1.03-2.24) were remained to be significantly and independently associated withm underweight. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of malnutrition in the study area was found high and this was coupled with association of many independent variables. This needs appropriate factor specific interventions.