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JournalISSN: 0090-0311

Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing 

Harper
About: Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Health care & Breastfeeding. It has an ISSN identifier of 0090-0311. Over the lifetime, 3417 publications have been published receiving 69051 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A promising intervention is the complementation of professional services with peer support from a mother experienced in breastfeeding, which appears to be an effective intervention with socially disadvantaged women.
Abstract: Objective To review the literature on breastfeeding initiation and duration and to delineate effective strategies for promoting positive breastfeeding behaviors. Data Sources Computerized searches on MEDLINE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. Study Selection Articles from indexed journals relevant to the objective and published after 1990 (except for classic findings) were reviewed. Although a myriad of pertinent articles was located, referenced citations were limited to three per point. When article selection was required for a specific point, preferences were given to (a) randomized controlled trials; (b) meta-analyses; (c) studies with the largest, most representative samples; and (d) investigations conducted in North America. Data Extraction Data were extracted and organized under the following headings: benefits of breastfeeding, breastfeeding initiation and duration, personal characteristics, attitudinal and intrapersonal characteristics, hospital policies and intrapartum experience, sources of support, breastfeeding interventions, and review implications. Data Synthesis Although the health benefits of breastfeeding are well documented and initiation rates have increased over the past 20 years, most mothers wean before the recommended 6-months postpartum because of perceived difficulties with breastfeeding rather than due to maternal choice. Women least likely to breastfeed are those who are young, have a low income, belong to an ethnic minority, are unsupported, are employed full-time, decided to breastfeed during or late in pregnancy, have negative attitudes toward breastfeeding, and have low confidence in their ability to breastfeed. Support from the mother's partner or a nonprofessional greatly increases the likelihood of positive breastfeeding behaviors. Health care professionals can be a negative source of support if their lack of knowledge results in inaccurate or inconsistent advice. Furthermore, a number of hospital routines are potentially detrimental to breastfeeding. Although professional interventions that enhance the usual care mothers receive increase breastfeeding duration to 2 months, these supportive strategies have limited long-term effects. Peer support interventions also promote positive breastfeeding behaviors and should be considered. Conclusions A promising intervention is the complementation of professional services with peer support from a mother experienced in breastfeeding. This lay support appears to be an effective intervention with socially disadvantaged women.

685 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This document describes the call to action with 20 actions in the categories of mothers and their families, communities, health care, employment, research and surveillance, and public health infrastructure and summarizes the background literature around the importance of breastfeeding.
Abstract: Nancy K. Lowe Editor I n January 2011, U.S. Surgeon General Regina M. Benjamin released the landmark document The Surgeon General’s Call to Action to Support Breastfeeding. Prepared by three agencies of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], the O⁄ce on Women’s Health [OWH], and the O⁄ce of the Surgeon General), this document summarizes the background literature around the importance of breastfeeding, rates of breastfeeding, barriers to breastfeeding in the United States, and breastfeeding from the public health perspective. It details the call to action with 20 speci¢c actions in the categories of mothers and their families, communities, health care, employment, research and surveillance, and public health infrastructure (Table 1). The full document is freely available as a download at http://surgeongeneral.gov/ topics / breastfeeding /calltoactiontosupportbreast feeding.pdf

624 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Psychometric results indicate the BSES-SF is an excellent measure of breastfeeding self-efficacy and considered ready for clinical use to identify breastfeeding mothers at high risk, assess breastfeeding behaviors and cognitions to individualize confidence-building strategies, and evaluate the effectiveness of various interventions and guide program development.
Abstract: Objective The purpose of this study was to reduce the number of items on the original Breastfeeding Self‐Efficacy Scale (BSES) and psychometrically assess the revised BSES–Short Form (BSES‐SF). Design As part of a longitudinal study, participants completed mailed questionnaires at 1, 4, and 8 weeks postpartum. Setting Health region in British Columbia. Participants A population‐based sample of 491 breastfeeding mothers. Main Outcome Measures BSES, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale, and Perceived Stress Scale. Results Internal consistency statistics with the original BSES suggested item redundancy. As such, 18 items were deleted, using explicit reduction criteria. Based on the encouraging reliability analysis of the new 14‐item BSES‐SF, construct validity was assessed using principal components factor analysis, comparison of contrasted groups, and correlations with measures of similar constructs. Support for predictive validity was demonstrated through significant mean differences between breastfeeding and bottle‐feeding mothers at 4 (p Conclusions These psychometric results indicate the BSES‐SF is an excellent measure of breastfeeding self‐efficacy and considered ready for clinical use to (a) identify breastfeeding mothers at high risk, (b) assess breastfeeding behaviors and cognitions to individualize confidence‐building strategies, and (c) evaluate the effectiveness of various interventions and guide program development.

605 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Human lactation is a complex phenomena and the duration of breastfeeding is influenced by many demographic, physical, social, and psychological variables.
Abstract: Objective To identify the variables associated with breastfeeding duration. Data Sources The health science reference databases of CINAHL, PubMed, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Study Selection Meta-analyses, Cochrane reviews, literature reviews, and quantitative and qualitative studies published in English from 1998 through 2008. Data Extraction Data included all variables, both positive and negative, that were found to influence the outcome of breastfeeding duration. Data Synthesis Demographic factors that influence breastfeeding duration are race, age, marital status, education, socioeconomics, and Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children status. Biological variables consisted of insufficient milk supply, infant health problems, maternal obesity, and the physical challenges of breastfeeding, maternal smoking, parity, and method of delivery. Social variables included paid work, family support, and professional support. Maternal intention, interest, and confidence in breastfeeding were psychological variables. Conclusion Human lactation is a complex phenomena and the duration of breastfeeding is influenced by many demographic, physical, social, and psychological variables.

592 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Early skin-to-skin contact (SSC) has been shown to have positive effects on breastfeeding at 1 to 4 months post birth (13 trials, 702 participants) (risk ratio 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06 to 1.53, and a trend toward significance ( p =.06) in breastfeeding duration (seven trials, 324 participants).
Abstract: Newborn Care Paper Presentation Objective To assess the effects of early skin‐to‐skin contact (SSC) on breastfeeding, physiological adaptation, and behavior in healthy mother–newborn dyads. Design Systematic review and meta‐analysis. Setting N/A. Sample Thirty‐four randomized controlled trials involving 2,177 participants (mother–infant dyads). The search strategy included the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (September 2011), the Cochrane Neonatal Group's Trials Register (June 2011), and Medline (1976‐2011). Selection criteria included randomized controlled trials comparing early SSC with usual hospital care. Methods We independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. Study authors were contacted for additional information. Results Data from more than two trials were available for only 10 outcome measures. We found statistically significant and positive effects of early SSC on breastfeeding at 1 to 4 months post birth (13 trials, 702 participants) (risk ratio 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06 to 1.53, and a trend toward significance ( p = .06) in breastfeeding duration (seven trials, 324 participants) (mean difference [MD] 42.55 days, 95% CI –1.69 to 86.79). SSC infants were more likely to have a successful first breastfeeding (two trials, 54 participants) (MD in IBFAT scores 1.79, 95% CI 0.24‐3.35). Late preterm infants had better cardio‐respiratory stability with early SSC (one trial, 31 participants) (MD 2.88, 95% CI 0.53‐5.23). SSC infants cried for a shorter length of time (one trial, 44 participants) (MD –8.01, 95% CI –8.98 to –7.04). The overall methodological quality of trials was mixed, and there was high heterogeneity for some outcomes. Limitations included methodological quality, variations in intervention implementation, and outcomes. Conclusion/Implications for Nursing Practice Mother–infant separation post birth is common in Western culture. Early SSC begins ideally at birth and involves placing the naked baby, head covered with a dry cap and a warm blanket across the back, prone on the mother's bare chest. This time may represent a psychophysiologically sensitive period for programing future physiology and behavior. The intervention appears to benefit breastfeeding outcomes, cardio‐respiratory stability, and infant crying, and has no apparent short‐ or long‐term negative effects. Further investigation is recommended. To facilitate meta‐analysis, future research should be done using outcome measures consistent with those in the studies included here. Published reports should clearly indicate if the intervention was SSC with time of initiation and duration and include means, standard deviations, and exact probability values.

592 citations

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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Journal in previous years
YearPapers
202189
202067
201994
201894
2017149
2016125