Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 

About: Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics is an academic journal published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Intraocular pressure & Glaucoma. It has an ISSN identifier of 1080-7683. Over the lifetime, 2598 publications have been published receiving 52119 citations. The journal is also known as: OPT & Ocular pharmacology and therapeutics.

Topical Ocular Drug Delivery: Recent Developments and Future Challenges

Abstract: Existing ocular drug delivery systems are fairly primitive and inefficient, but the stage is set for the rational design of newer and significantly improved systems The focus of this review is on recent developments in topical ocular drug delivery systems relative to their success in overcoming the constraints imposed by the eye and to the improvements that have yet to be made In addition, this review attempts to place in perspective the importance of pharmacokinetic modeling, ocular drug pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies, and choice of animal models in the design and evaluation of these delivery systems Five future challenges are perceived to confront the field These are: (a) The extent to which the protective mechanisms of the eye can be safely altered to facilitate drug absorption, (b) Delivery of drugs to the posterior portion of the eye from topical dosing, (c) Topical delivery of macromolecular drugs including those derived from biotechnology, (d) Improved technology which wil

Trabeculectomy with simultaneous topical application of mitomycin-C in refractory glaucoma.

Abstract: From May 1981 to Feb. 1989 trabeculectomy with per-operative topical application of mitomycin C was performed on eyes with refractory glaucoma. All eyes had undergone prior one, two or more than two antiglaucoma surgeries without success for IOP control. Other risk factors in the present series of eyes included young age, aphakia, rubeosis and glaucoma secondary to trauma or associated with anterior uveitis. 59 eyes underwent trabeculectomy with mitomycin application. 14 eyes were lost. 45 eyes of 42 cases, 33 eyes of 31 males and 12 eyes of 11 females were followed for a period of 1 to 8 years, an average 3.0±1.9 years. The success for IOP control < 21mmHg was 77.8%, 35/45 eyes. The success rates were 92%, 11/12 eyes in females and 73%, 24/33 eyes in males. Complications reported in 5-fluorouracil studies such as corneal epithelial toxicity and delayed healing of conjunctival wound were not encountered. The histo-pathological changes of wound healing after trabeculectomy with topical mitomycin a...

Glutathione: a vital lens antioxidant.

Abstract: The reducing compound glutathione (GSH) exists in an unusually high concentration in the lens where it functions as an essential antioxidant vital for maintenance of the tissue's transparency. In conjunction with an active glutathione redox cycle located in the lens epithelium and superficial cortex, GSH detoxifies potentially damaging oxidants such as H2O2 and dehydroascorbic acid. Recent studies have indicated an important hydroxyl radical-scavenging function for GSH in lens epithelial cells, independent of the cells' ability to detoxify H2O2. Depletion of GSH or inhibition of the redox cycle allows low levels of oxidant to damage lens epithelial targets such as Na/K-ATPase, certain cytoskeletal proteins and proteins associated with normal membrane permeability. The level of GSH in the nucleus of the lens is relatively low, particularly in the aging lens, and exactly how the compound travels from the epithelium to the central region of the organ is not known. Recently, a cortical/nuclear barrie...

Effects of different concentrations of atropine on controlling myopia in myopic children

Abstract: Although 1% atropine effectively slows myopia progression, it is associated with adverse effects, including photophobia, blurred near vision, and poor compliance. We investigated whether lower doses of atropine would control myopia progression. One hundred and eighty-six children, from 6 to 13 years of age, were treated each night with different concentrations of atropine eye drops or a control treatment for up to 2 years. The mean myopic progression in each of the groups was 0.04 ± 0.63 diopter per year (D/Y) in the 0.5% atropine group, 0.45 ± 0.55 D/Y in the 0.25% atropine group, and 0.47 ± 0.91 D/Y in the 0.1% atropine group. All atropine groups showed significantly less myopic progression than the control group (1.06 ± 0.61 D/Y) (p<0.01). Our study also showed that 61% of students in the 0.5% atropine group, 49% in the 0.25% atropine group and 42% in the 0.1% atropine group had no myopic progression. However, 4% of children in the 0.5% atropine group, 17% in the 0.25% atropine group, and 33% ...

Review: oxidative stress and disease

Abstract: This communication briefly reviews aspects of oxidative stress and disease, particularly maturity onset cataract. The review considers a number of issues such as why lens and cataract research is important, what is oxidative stress, its relationship to disease and how does a tissue defend itself against such stress. Three diseases (chronic lung disease, diabetes and Alzheimer's disease) in which oxidative stress has differing roles are briefly discussed. The impact of oxidative stress upon the development of maturity onset cataract is considered and approaches are delineated which will establish the importance of such stress.