Showing papers in "Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences in 1986"

TL;DR: Analysis of drug pharmacokinetics in numerous species demonstrates that drug elimination among species is predictable and, in general, obeys the power equation Y = aWb.

TL;DR: Water permeability constants (Kp) were determined with skin from human cadavers and no correlation was observed in Kp values and other characteristics of the donor skin samples such as age, sex, race, and length of time before skin harvest.

TL;DR: The equation, which applies to liquid monofunctional aliphatic solutes is used to calculate additional new beta and beta m values, which are intended to apply to self-associated compounds when acting as "monomer" solutes.

TL;DR: A mathematical model enables formulation of testable hypotheses relating to the extension of local drug residence in the RT following inhalation of therapeutic aerosols and predicts alveolar deposition was dependent on the mode of inhalation and breath-holding.

TL;DR: The results imply that the steady-state flux of TRH is primarily due to a direct, electrically induced ion motion and convection, and it may be possible to enhance and control the transdermal delivery of peptides.

TL;DR: Various parameters have been investigated including the suitability of sorbitol and sodium chloride as carrier materials, the nature of the lipid(s) in the formulation, and the extent of lipid loading onto the carrier, which have a marked effect on both the dry product and the hydrated liposomes.

TL;DR: Results indicated that in the quiescent phase, gastric pH in the dogs was significantly higher than in humans, with an average canine intestinal pH of 7.3 +/-0.09 versus 6.0 +/- 0.14 for humans.

TL;DR: The use of an intranasal spray device can deposit well-controlled doses within the nasal cavity, which remain there sufficiently long to provide a clear enhancement in absorption and bioavailability.

TL;DR: A system has been identified in which the secondary phase is sufficiently reduced to provide essentially continuous efficacy in the rat for greater then eight months, with partially effective levels of release of nafarelin continuing beyond 15 months.

TL;DR: The drug incorporation efficiency was markedly improved after saturation of the dispersing phase with cisplatin, and the amount of drug incorporated increased with increasing mean microsphere diameter.

TL;DR: Condensation products of beta-cyclodextrin with propylene oxide or epichlorohydrin, which are amorphous and thus very soluble in water, were used to form complexes with testosterone, progesterone, and estradiol to lead to effective absorption and entry of the hormones into the systemic circulation.

TL;DR: A mixing-tank model is used to simulate GI absorption of nonionized drugs and correctly predicts bioavailability as a function of particle size for both of these poorly soluble drugs.

TL;DR: A new, calculated value of the van der Waals or intrinsic molecular volume VI is shown to be at least as effective as molar volume, V, as a measure of the cavity term in linear solvation energy relationships for octanol-water partition coefficients and aqueous solubilities.

TL;DR: After intravenous administration, total body clearance of vincamine was equal for both dosage forms, but a longer half-life (X 2) and larger distribution volume (X2) were observed with the suspension of nanoparticles.

TL;DR: Good agreement was obtained between in vivo and in vitro values for 1-(3-ethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5.,5,5,8,8 -tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)etha none and DDT with 0.5% PEG-20 oleyl ether in water as the receptor fluid.

TL;DR: The disposition of radioactivity following topical application of five radiolabeled compounds was similar on fresh skin compared with skin that had been frozen and exposed to ethylene oxide, although variability of the values was greater with the treated skin.

TL;DR: Under infinite dose conditions, steady-state flux was enhanced by surfactants at high propylene glycol concentrations, and the same trend was observed following application of a thin layer of formulation to the skin (finite-dose conditions).

TL;DR: The pharmacokinetics of pentoxifylline was studied in healthy male volunteers following single oral doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg of the drug in solution to support the use of a controlled-release dosage form ofpentoxifyLLine for therapy.

TL;DR: A short term stability study of proliposomes indicated that only minor changes in the size distribution profile of the hydrated product are apparent after storage at 20 degrees C for 9 months.

TL;DR: Two different polymerization mechanisms of alkyl cyanoacrylates were compared with regard to their morphological and physico-chemical characteristics to confirm the theory that nanoparticles obtained by emulsion polymerization are known to be formed by a full polymer core.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the perfusion of many tissues and the intrinsic permeability of the peritoneal surface or the brain-cerebrospinal fluid interface are similar among mammals, which provides a clear allometric basis for interspecies scaling based on organ size or surface areas.

TL;DR: The average degree of substitution of mixtures of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin derivatives has a large influence on the complexing abilities and physiochemical properties of the derivatives.

TL;DR: The polymorphic transformations of chloramphenicol palmitate during grinding in an agate centrifugal ball mill at 200 rpm, and the effect of seed crystals on the transformation were studied by means of X-ray diffraction analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy.

TL;DR: Thermodynamic functions of dissolution and partition have been calculated and discussed with respect to various physical parameters of each solute and the two solvents to suggest the different importance of these parameters in promoting solubility of solid nonelectrolytes.

TL;DR: The in vitro drug release properties of a topical anesthetic formulation known to be effective on intact skin, based on a 1:1 eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine emulsified in water, were investigated with a poly(dimethylsiloxane) membrane partition model.

TL;DR: Two lubricants, magnesium stearate and sodium stearyl fumarate, were compared under identical mixing conditions to study their roles in drug-excipient interactions and the disintegration time and drug dissolution rate from hand-filled, uncompacted capsules were studied.

TL;DR: Results indicate that, unlike most 2-arylpropionic acid anti-inflammatory drugs, tiaprofenic acid enantiomers do not have different disposition kinetics, and the metabolic chiral inversion of one to the other does not occur or is so slow that the drug is eliminated before significant inversion takes place.

TL;DR: It was concluded that during the dissolution process the disk is covered with theophylline monohydrate crystals that precipitate from the supersaturated medium adjacent to the disk surface, and that crystallization of theophylla monohydrate is a precipitation process controlled by hydrodynamic and diffusion parameters.