Showing papers in "Journal of Power Sources in 2000"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the power density characteristics of ultracapacitors and batteries with respect to the same charge/discharge efficiency and showed that the battery can achieve energy densities of 10 Wh/kg or higher with a power density of 1-2 kW/kg.

TL;DR: In this article, the performance of Li, Li-C anodes and Li x MO y cathodes depends on their surface chemistry in solutions, which either contribute to electrode stabilization or to capacity fading due to an increase in the electrodes' impedance.

TL;DR: In this article, a generic model was proposed to predict the steady-state performance of solid polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) with different characteristics, dimensions, and membrane thickness.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe recent advances in the science and technology of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) made at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), and describe a new type of DMFC stack hardware that allows to lower the pitch per cell to 2 mm while allowing low air flow and air pressure drops.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the initial fuel cell stack and power conditioner modeling methodologies that have addressed the issues of the design process of a SOFC plant dynamic model for a power systems simulation (PSS) commercial software package.

TL;DR: In this paper, a simple, convenient, and safe chemical process generates high purity hydrogen gas on demand from stable, aqueous solutions of sodium borohydride, NaBH4, and ruthenium-based (Ru), catalyst.

TL;DR: The polymer electrolytes are promising materials for the ever-growing need for high energy density power sources for power and traction applications as mentioned in this paper, and have shown room temperature conductivities as high as 10−3 S cm−1.

TL;DR: In this article, the general theory of Ragone plots for energy storage devices (ESD) is discussed, and analytical results for a representative set of ideal ESD (battery, capacitor, and SMES) are compared.

TL;DR: In this paper, a battery conditioning system monitors battery conditioning and includes a memory for storing data based thereon; for example, data may be stored representative of available battery capacity as measured during a deep discharge cycle.

TL;DR: In this paper, the discharge characteristics of lithium/polymer electrolyte/sulfur cells were investigated, and three different electrolytes were studied, and cells were operated at temperatures ranging from ambient to about 100°C.

TL;DR: In this article, a review consolidates the literature on the prediction of the state-of-charge (SoC) of batteries by means of a.c. impedance measurements.

TL;DR: In this paper, a mathematical model has been formulated for the performance and operation of a single polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, which incorporates all the essential fundamental physical and electrochemical processes occurring in the membrane electrolyte, cathode catalyst layer, electrode backing and flow channel.

TL;DR: In this article, three stainless steel alloys, 310, 316 and 904L, have been evaluated in terms of the electrical resistance of their surface oxide film and showed that ohmic losses exhibited in fuel cell performance varied depending on the elemental composition of the stainless steel alloy.

TL;DR: In this article, an anode-supported planar SOFC with double channels was modeled for a counter-flow pattern, and the concentration polarization at the anode was estimated.

TL;DR: In this article, a one-dimensional numerical simulation program has been developed to describe the transport of gases inside the SOFC anode due to diffusion and permeation as well as the kinetic of the reforming reaction and the electrochemistry.

TL;DR: In this article, the performance of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) is substantially influenced by the morphology of the gas diffusion layer and the hydrophobicity and porosity of the diffusion layer.

TL;DR: In this paper, the self-discharge rate of carbon-based supercapacitors with organic electrolytes is analyzed in terms of two mechanisms: diffusion of ions from regions of excess ionic concentration formed during charging of the capacitor and leakage of charge across the double-layer at the electrolyte-carbon interfaces in the capacitor.

TL;DR: In this article, the capacity fade of Sony 18650S Li-ion cells was analyzed using cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy and electron microscopic analysis (EMMA).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared simulation results with experimental data for Bellcore PLION® cells using the graphite/1 M LiPF6 in EC:DMC (2:1)/LiMn2O4 system.

TL;DR: In this article, the performance of combined SOFC and gas turbine (SOFC/GT) cycles is evaluated using simulation software, Aspen Plus, and it is shown that the pressure ratio has a large impact on performance and electrical efficiencies of more than 65% are possible at low pressure ratios.

TL;DR: In this article, bipolar plate materials for the Solid Polymer Fuel Cell (SPFC), alternative to the presently used graphite, should satisfy the following requirements in order to be applicable: low-cost, easy to machine or to shape, lightweight and low volume, mechanically and sufficiently chemically stable, and having a low contact resistance.

TL;DR: Siemens Westinghouse is in the final stage of its tubular solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) development program, and the program emphasis has shifted from basic technology development to cost reduction, scale-up and demonstration of pre-commercial power systems at customer sites as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the specifications and operational requirements imposed on batteries due to the projected architectures for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) as defined by the DOE/PNGV Program.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of recent developments in syn-gas production processes used for partial methane oxidation with and/or without steam is presented, where different process charts (fixed bed, fluidized bed, membrane, etc.), kinds of catalysts (powders, foams, monoliths, etc.) and catalytically active phases (Ni, Pt, Rh, etc.).

TL;DR: In this paper, the preparation of LiCoyMnxNi1−x−yO2 from LiOH·H2O, Ni(OH)2 and γ-MnOOH in air was studied in detail.

TL;DR: Composite membranes based on PWA adsorbed on silica (SiO2) and polybenzimidazole (PBI) have been prepared and their physico-chemical properties have been studied as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: The results of the experiment have proven the accuracy of the proposed model and the computation values are in good agreement with experimental data, and the associated error has been considered acceptable from an engineering point of view.

TL;DR: In this paper, an electrolyte consisting of 1 M solution of lithium hexafluorophosphate in 1:1:1 ethylene carbonate (EC) and DMC was proposed for low temperature applications of lithium and lithium-ion cells.

TL;DR: In this article, the Sponge Iron Reactor (SIR) showed that the hydrogen produced is sufficiently pure for use in any kind of fuel cell (CO < 10 ppm) and the simulation of the whole process and the design of a demonstration plant for electricity generation system in the range of 10 MW were carried out.

TL;DR: In this article, an account is given of the Li-ion battery pack used in the Northern Territory University's solar car, Fuji Xerox Desert Rose, which competed in the 1999 World Solar Challenge (WSC).