Showing papers in "Journal of Power Sources in 2003"

TL;DR: In this paper, the design and manufacturing alternatives for Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells are described and analyzed within the context of vehicle applications, following a review of many alternatives, 16 polymer electrolyte membranes, 2 types of gas diffusion layers (GDL), 8 types of anode catalysts, 4 types of cathodes catalysts and over 100 bipolar plate designs are recommended for further study.

TL;DR: In this article, a set of exothermic reactions with corresponding estimates of heats of reaction is selected with corresponding designs for high-rate batteries, along with estimated kinetic parameters and models for the abuse behavior (oven, short-circuit, overcharge, nail, crush).

TL;DR: In this article, a complex hydride called LiBH 4, which consists of 18.5% of hydrogen, was successfully catalyzed with SiO 2 and 13.5 % of hydrogen was liberated starting already at 200°C.

TL;DR: In this article, LiCo 1/3 Ni/NiO 2 with electrolyte was used for advanced lithium-ion battery insertion and showed that the exothermic reaction was milder than that of NiO 2 or CoO 2.

TL;DR: In this paper, the latest progress on carbon anode materials for lithium ion batteries is briefly reviewed including research on mild oxidation of graphite, formation of composites with metals and metal oxides, coating by polymers and other kinds of carbons, and carbon nanotubes.

TL;DR: In this article, the interfacial contact resistance between carbon paper and stainless steel increased due to the formation of the passive film, however, as soon as a stable passive film is formed, the contact resistance stabilized.

TL;DR: In this article, two-phase flow and transport of reactants and products in the cathode of a transparent proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) are studied experimentally.

TL;DR: In this article, two forms of MnO2, namely xerogel and ambigel, were prepared by reduction of NaMnO4 and KCl with sodium fumarate and the synthesized products were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and chemical analysis.

TL;DR: In this article, the capacity fade of Sony US 18650 Li-ion batteries cycled using different discharge rates at ambient temperature was studied at 300 cycles at 2C and 3C discharge rates and were found to be 13.2 and 16.9%, respectively.

TL;DR: In this article, the specific energy, specific power, fast-charge capability, low temperature operation, cycle-life and self-discharge of five energy storage devices were compared.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the technical literature, including datasheets from battery manufacturers, to identify the major characteristics of capacity fade: impedance growth and capacity loss, and numerical simulations were used to explore the effect of porous electrodes on fade behavior.

TL;DR: In this article, a symmetric cell was adopted to analyze low temperature performance of Li-ion battery, and the impedance spectra of the symmetric cells were compared to the Li ion battery in the discharged state.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of the anode catalyst composition on fuel cell performance is investigated and the performance of Pt, Pt/Pd and Pt/Ru catalysts for direct formic acid fuel cells is compared.

TL;DR: In this article, a semi-empirical approach for Li-ion cell capacity fade prediction is presented. But the model does not take into account the active material loss and does not account for rate capability losses.

TL;DR: In this article, the reaction of PF 5 and EC/linear carbonates to carbonate solvents and how these reactions lead to the formation of products that impact the performance of Li-ion batteries is investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, phase pure, homogeneous, and well-crystallized lithium iron phosphate LiFePO4 was synthesized by aqueous co-precipitation of an Fe(II) precursor material and succeeding heat treatment in nitrogen.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed models for mass transport inside a porous SOFC anode based on Fick's model (FM), the dusty-gas model (DGM) and the Stefan-Maxwell model (SMM) to predict the concentration overpotential.

TL;DR: The recent progress at Sony in the design of practical olivine-type cathodes is reviewed briefly in this article, where the lattice frustration induced by the strong electron (Mn 3+ : 3d 4 −e g σ ∗ )-lattice interaction (Jahn-Teller effect) in the charged state of Li(Mn y Fe 1− y )PO 4 (0≤ y ≤ 1).

TL;DR: In this paper, two systematic electrolytes of Gd 3+ and Sm 3+ ions were synthesized using an oxalate coprecipitation process and the results showed that the open circuit voltages are greatly influenced by ionic transference number of the electrolyte, gaseous fuel composition and cathode membrane material.

TL;DR: In this paper, the formation energy for a superlattice model is −0.17 eV while that for a piled-up model is +0.06 eV.

TL;DR: In this paper, a simulation tool for planar solid oxide fuel cells is presented, which combines the versatility of a commercial computational fluid dynamics simulation code with a validated electrochemistry calculation method.

TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of layered Li(Ni 1/3 Co1/3 Mn 1 /3 )O 2 material has been investigated as a promising cathode for a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) application.

TL;DR: In this article, a general mathematical model to represent the membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) of fuel-cell systems was developed, which accommodates arbitrary gas mixtures on the anode and cathode sides of the MEA and accommodates a variety of porous electrode and electrolyte structures.

TL;DR: In this paper, a two-dimensional model for conventional gas distributors was expanded to account for the dimension along the length of the channel and its effect on the current density is critical for accurately predicting the cathode performance.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the kinetics of the water gas shift reaction and evaluated existing reaction mechanisms, test various rate expressions and simulate the performance in a methanol fuel processor for fuel cell applications.

TL;DR: In this paper, LiFePO4 powders were synthesized under several different conditions (solid state reactions at high temperatures, co-precipitation in aqueous medium, hydrothermal synthesis or mechanochemical activation).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the results of a parametric study conducted with a previously described three-dimensional, non-isothermal model of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell.

TL;DR: A number of studies have been conducted concerning compositional/microstructural modifications of a Sr-doped lanthanum ferrite (LSF) cathode and protective SDC layer in an anode supported solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present three examples relating to mass transfer effects in battery behavior, including side reactions at the lithium electrode, which can change the surface concentration of lithium ions, introducing error into measurements of the cell potential as a function of bulk electrolyte concentration.

TL;DR: In this article, the electrochemical double-layer (ECDL) capacitors have been made using various types of CNT and activated carbon (a-C) as electrode material.