Showing papers in "Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry in 2020"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors highlight some conventional extractants, the use of these extractants in ionic liquids medium and the development of TSILs and the effect of medium on extraction efficiency has also been discussed.
Abstract: Solvent extraction process is applied for the extraction of actinides/lanthanides from waste water produced in nuclear industry. Various extractants have been developed for this purpose. More recently separation scientists have shown extensive interest toward ionic liquids (ILs) due to their unique properties. ILs have extensively been used as extraction medium for the recovery of rare earths and actinides or modified to task specific ionic liquids (TSILs); where ionic liquid part has been covalently attached to the extractants. This article highlights some conventional extractants, the use of these extractants in IL medium and the development of TSILs. The effect of medium on extraction efficiency has also been discussed.
34 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the alpha decay half-lives of 281Ds are compared to other decay modes such as binary fission, ternary fission and cluster and alpha decay modes.
Abstract: The competition between different decay modes such as binary fission, ternary fission, cluster and alpha decay modes finds an important role in the synthesis of superheavy nuclei. The nuclei 281Ds is the most stable among the isotopes of Ds. We have studied the different decay modes in superheavy nuclei 281Ds. It is observed that alpha decay half-lives are smaller compared to other modes. The alpha decay mode of 281Ds is observed with greater probability compared to binary fission.
33 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the adsorption capacity of the water hyacinth-derived biochar on U(VI) was investigated by using the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation and Langmuir model.
Abstract: The adsorption capacity of the water hyacinth-derived biochar on U(VI) was investigated in this study. The as-prepared sample was characterized by methods of SEM, XRD, XPS, FT-IR and BET. Functional groups on the biochar surface could undergo complexation with U(VI). Effects of adsorption dose, temperature, contact time, solution pH and ionic strength were studied by static batch experiments. Results show that the adsorption could be better fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation and Langmuir model. The solution pH has a great impact on the U(VI) adsorption, while the ionic strength exerts no significant effect.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, radioactivity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs in surface soil samples collected from the North area of Cyprus have been determined using a high-resolution HPGe gamma-spectroscopy system.
Abstract: Due to increasing concern about environmental radiological protection, radioactivity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs in surface soil samples collected from the North area of Cyprus have been determined using a high-resolution HPGe gamma-spectroscopy system. The range of activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs in the soil samples varies from 49.7 ± 3 to 147.6 ± 17.2, 18.1 ± 1.5 to 93.9 ± 10.7, 103.5 ± 27 to 1468.6 ± 176.1 and 4.3 ± 0.1 to 15.9 ± 1.3 Bq kg−1, respectively. The obtained results and calculated values of radiation dose in the study area indicate that the relatively high background radioactivity levels.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the phase mass of iodosodalite can reach to 95.5% at 1050°C and the rest is nepheline, which is due to part of the transformation into amorphous phase under the addition of B2O3.
Abstract: Immobilization of radioiodine is a significant requirement for future nuclear fuel development. This research mainly focuses on the production of iodosodalite through a novel preparation method and the effect of boron on zeolite-4A immobilization of iodine waste forms. Through this novel way, the phase mass of iodosodalite can reach to 95.5% at 1050 °C and the rest is nepheline. The addition of B2O3 promotes the formation of iodosodalite at a lower sintering temperature and the phase mass of iodosodalite for the sample sintered at 1050 °C is 93.7% which is due to part of iodosodalite’s transformation into amorphous phase under the addition of B2O3. The existence of amorphous phase is proved by FTIR and SEM results. The EDS analysis reflects that Na, Al, Si, O and I elements are distributed homogeneously on the surface. The leaching rate of iodine proves considerable chemical durability of iodosodalite prepared through this novel method. Our finding provides a novel way to synthesis iodosodalite and is aimed to immobilize iodine waste forms.
27 citations
TL;DR: Magnetic carbon aerogels were prepared from inexpensive and readily available winter melon to adsorb U(VI) as mentioned in this paper, and the morphology, structure, magnetism, characteristic functional groups and chemical bonds were characterized by TEM, SEM, XRD, BET, VSM and FT-IR.
Abstract: Magnetic carbon aerogels were prepared from inexpensive and readily available winter melon to adsorb U(VI). The morphology, structure, magnetism, characteristic functional groups and chemical bonds of magnetic carbon aerogels were characterized by TEM, SEM, XRD, BET, VSM, FT-IR, XPS. Under the condition of 303 K and pH 6, magnetic carbon aerogel reached adsorption equilibrium within 120 min, with the adsorption capacity of 230.3 mg g–1, much higher than that of carbon aerogel (77.9 mg g–1), which is the function of Fe–O. The good magnetism of magnetic carbon aerogels allows it to be easily separated from the solution by applying magnetic field. The adsorption isotherm data accord with Langmuir isothermal model. Adsorption is a spontaneous and endothermic process.
26 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the adsorption of uranium and thorium from their waste solution was evaluated and the results indicated that the sorption capacities for U and Th were 62 and 59.4 (mg−g−1), respectively, within short time.
Abstract: Novel adsorption Algal polymer composite membrane composed of acrylic fiber wastes and grinded marine algae; Sargassum dentifolium was newly prepared using inversion precipitation technique. The adsorption of uranium and thorium from their waste solution was evaluated. The results indicated that the sorption capacities for U and Th were 62 and 59.4 (mg g−1), respectively, within short time. Adsorption experimental data demonstrated that both metal ions were well fitting with Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order kinetics model. The reusability of the composite membrane indicates the stability and efficiency of it in U and Th removal from waste solution.
25 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the magnetic hydroxyapatite composite (Fe3O4@HAP) was used to remove U(VI) from water and the removal efficiency was more than 95% within 20min.
Abstract: In this work, the magnetic hydroxyapatite composite (Fe3O4@HAP) was prepared and used to remove of U(VI). The characterizations of transmission electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometer indicated that the average size and saturation magnetizations (Ms) of Fe3O4@HAP was about 360 nm and 20.89 emu g−1, respectively. The results of solid-phase extraction indicated that at pH 5.0, the removal efficiency of Fe3O4@HAP was more than 95% within 20 min. The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of Fe3O4@HAP was 789.58 mg g−1. Therefore, Fe3O4@HAP may be a rapid and highly efficient magnetic adsorbent to remove of U(VI) from water.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a gamma spectrometric analysis of 47 samples of building materials produced and used in Serbia is presented, based on the measured activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K, radiological hazard indices and annual effective doses were estimated for human exposure in the rooms.
Abstract: This paper presents a gamma spectrometric analysis of 47 samples of building materials produced and used in Serbia. Based on the measured activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K, radiological hazard indices and annual effective doses were estimated for human exposure in the rooms. The values of radon surface exhalation rate and indoor radon concentration, as well as the range of indoor radon exposures for typical building materials produced in Serbia (concrete, mortar, clay bricks, granite, siporex, ceramic and concrete tiles), were estimated. Measurements of the dose rate for building materials in one typical home in Serbia were performed in contact geometry using the radiation monitor Radiagem 2000.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a simple strategy for preparing amidoxime modified activated carbon was presented, which can be regarded as a promising material for uranium-containing wastewater treatment, with a facile synthesis and low-cost.
Abstract: We present a simple strategy for preparing amidoxime modified activated carbon. The composition and morphology of the materials have been confirmed via powder XRD, BET, TGA, SEM and FT-IR studies. Batch adsorption experiment were exploited to explore adsorption performance of U(VI) by amidoxime-based activated carbon. The adsorption capacity of activated carbon was significantly improved after the modification by amidoxime, the amidoxime-based activated carbon was a possible adsorbent for adsorbing U(VI). This study reveals that with a facile synthesis and low-cost, amidoxime-based activated carbon can be regarded as a promising material for uranium-containing wastewater treatment.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the adsorption behavior of U(VI) and Th(IV) metal ions by MnFe2O4 NPs was studied as a function of pH, mass of sorbent, contact time, and temperature.
Abstract: The adsorption behavior of U(VI) and Th(IV) metal ions by MnFe2O4 NPs was studied as a function of pH, mass of sorbent, contact time, and temperature. Kinetic data was fitted to Pseudo second-order model and qm reached maximum value at pH 3 for Th(IV) and at pH 3.0–5.0 for U(VI) after 3 h. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin–Raduskevich isotherm equations were applied to the adsorption data and the proper constants were derived. Adsorption isotherms were studied at different temperature to find ΔH°, ΔG°, and ΔS°. Recovery was carried out by using 0.10 M of HNO3, HCl, EDTA, Na2CO3 and NaCl.
TL;DR: In this paper, the features of stable and radioactive Cs(I), Sr(II), and Co(II) ions sorption on Ti-Ca-Mg phosphates were studied.
Abstract: In this paper, we studied the features of stable and radioactive Cs(I), Sr(II) and Co(II) ions sorption on Ti–Ca–Mg phosphates. The significant differences in the sorption of macro quantities of stable Cs+, Sr2+ and Co2+ ions and trace concentrations of 137Cs, 90Sr and 60Co radionuclides were found. It has to be taken into account for evaluation the effectiveness of sorbents for the treatment of real liquid radioactive waste. Comparative studies with industrial sorbents have shown that the synthesized in this study mixed Ti–Ca–Mg phosphates are promising materials for one-stage treatment of liquid radioactive waste with complex chemical and radionuclide composition.
TL;DR: In this article, gamma spectrometers were used to measure the natural radioactivity in coal fly ash and natural pozzolan Portland cement samples produced in Spain, and radiological hazards were inferred from determinations of the activity concentration index, I, absorbed dose rate, Dext, and annual effective dose, Ep.
Abstract: The natural radioactivity in coal fly ash and natural pozzolan Portland cement samples produced in Spain was measured by gamma spectrometry. Activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K ranged from 15.7 to 88.3 Bq kg−1, from 12.8 to 81.0 Bq kg−1 and from 37.0 to 678.0 Bq kg−1, respectively. The radiological hazards samples owing to the mentioned natural radioactivity were inferred from determinations of the activity concentration index, I, absorbed dose rate, Dext, and annual effective dose, Ep, which falls within 0.20 mSv to 0.87 mSv (coal-cement) and 0.18 mSv to 0.50 mSv (pozzolan-cement) (≤ 1 mSv, threshold criterion). Therefore, these cements are proper to be used for building purposes as result of their radiological assessment.
TL;DR: In this article, the removal of uranium from water sample using nano zero-valent copper prepared by green synthesis from Anacardium occidentale testa extract by a fully environment-friendly and cost-effective process without involvement of any hazardous chemicals.
Abstract: Uranium is carcinogenic ion and if present in water above its permissible limit, is very harmful to living beings. The main objective of this study is the removal of uranium from water sample using nano zero-valent copper prepared by green synthesis from Anacardium occidentale testa extract by a fully environment-friendly and cost-effective process without involvement of any hazardous chemicals. The formation of the A. occidentale-Cu nanoparticle is characterized through UV–Visible spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM–EDS, XRD and HR-TEM analysis. The adsorption capacity of copper nanoparticles, effect of pH, adsorbent and adsorbate dosage and contact time are studied and analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm.
TL;DR: In this article, the mass attenuation coefficient (μm), effective atomic number (Zeff), effective electron density (Nel), half value layer (HVL) thickness and photon mean free path (MFP or λ) were determined for specific gamma photon energies ranging from 303 up to 1332 kV, both computationally and experimentally.
Abstract: Polycarbonate (PC) loaded with different filler levels equal to 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 2.5, 3.5 and 5.0 wt% (weight percent) of bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO3)3·5H2O or BNP) were prepared by dispersion of filler in PC solution, followed by casting. The values of mass attenuation coefficient (μm), effective atomic number (Zeff), effective electron density (Nel), half value layer (HVL) thickness, tenth value layer (TVL) thickness and photon mean free path (MFP or λ) were determined for specific gamma photon energies ranging from 303 up to 1332 keV, both computationally and experimentally. Considerable variation in the radiation attenuation parameters was observed, which is mainly dependent on the energy of incident gamma ray photon and the concentration of BNP incorporated as filler within the PC matrix. Values of the experimentally determined parameters like μm, Zeff and Nel were compared with the computationally estimated values, and they are found to be in good agreement. The results are discussed, taking into consideration our understanding of the interaction of gamma radiation with matter.
TL;DR: In this paper, a zirconium molybdophosphate composite was designed for the selective recovery of uranium ions from leach liquor, and the composite is highly efficient and selective in U(VI) ions capturing with Langmuir adsorption capacity of 192.3mg/g.
Abstract: A zirconium molybdophosphate composite was designed for the selective recovery of uranium ions. The synthesized composite was well-characterized using SEM, EDX, FT-IR and XRD. U(VI) ions recovery from their aqueous solution by the studied composite was investigated in terms of adsorption isotherm, and thermodynamics. The composite is highly efficient and selective in U(VI) ions capturing with Langmuir adsorption capacity of 192.3 mg/g. Results showed that the composite is highly efficient in removal for U(VI) ions from Abu Rusheid leach liquor. As well as, it exhibits long-term stability, reusability, and fast kinetic in capturing of uranyl ions from leach liquor.
TL;DR: In this article, a review of radioactive wastes treatment using thermal plasma technology is presented as a treatment method for radioactive waste management, and the performance of the thermal plasma systems, addressing the advantages and limitations of the method.
Abstract: In this paper, a review of radioactive wastes treatment using thermal plasma technology is presented as a treatment method for radioactive waste management.
Virtually all waste streams can be treated by the thermal plasma technologies, resulting in a conditioned product, free from organics and liquids, definitely meeting the acceptance criteria for safe storage and disposal. The application of the thermal plasma system in the nuclear area is still one of the current research topics due to the theoretical and practical complexity of the treatment. This paper discusses the performance of the thermal plasma systems, addressing the advantages and limitations of the method.
TL;DR: The aim of the present research was to formulate and characterize radioiodinated folic acid-chitosan conjugated thymoquinone nanoparticles (FATQCSNPs) and to increase targeting ability on ovarian cancer cell.
Abstract: The aim of the present research was to formulate and characterize radioiodinated folic acid-chitosan conjugated thymoquinone nanoparticles (FATQCSNPs) and to increase targeting ability on ovarian cancer cell. The dose of drug-loading into the FATQCSNPs and the amount of folic acid on the FATQCSNPs surface were determined as a 20.0 ± 1% and 46.0 ± 0.5%, respectively. Cell viabilities (%) determined on SKOV-3 and Caco-2 cells for 48 h. TQ, TQCS and FATQCS were very cytotoxic with lower IC50 values on both cell lines. At specific-activity-dependent incorporation study, the incorporation efficiencies of 131I-FATQCSNPs was higher than that of 131I-TQ on SKOV3 cell lines.
TL;DR: A post-accident mathematical model suggested that before the accident the Kd values were in the transient state approaching a dynamic equilibrium with a converged Kd value of 1000-1600 as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Radioactivity concentrations of 137Cs in seawaters and bottom sediments have been measured in the coastal waters off all nuclear power plant sites in Japan. Sediment distribution coefficient (Kd) values obtained before the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident were variable and related to the specific surface area of the bottom sediment. A mathematical model suggested that before the accident the Kd values were in the transient state approaching a dynamic equilibrium with a converged Kd value of 1000–1600. Based on a post-accident mathematical model, the apparent Kd reached the maximum of about 104 and then decreased until now, converging to 6 × 103 on average.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the sorption capacity of mineral and organic sorbents in respect to U(VI) and found that the highest sorption ability and strongest interaction is common to peat and brown coal.
Abstract: This investigation made it possible to compare the sorption capacity of mineral and organic sorbents in respect to U(VI). In order to establish the patterns of sorption, natural sorbents with a high content of rock-forming mineral were used: glauconite, diatomite, zeolite, peat, brown and hard coals, shungite. Each sample was characterized using X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence method, scanning electron microscope, XPS spectra, potentiometric acid–base titration and surface area measurement. The partitioning of U(VI) was determined by sequential extraction technique. It was shown that the highest sorption ability and strongest interaction towards U(VI) is common to peat and brown coal.
TL;DR: In this article, nano-silica (Si-AL800) was extracted from the thermally treated rice husk ash by acid leaching route and the coating surface of the extracted silica with chitosan gel was done by a direct mixing.
Abstract: Nano-silica (Si-AL800) was extracted from the thermally treated rice husk ash by acid leaching route. Coating surface of the extracted silica with chitosan gel was done by a direct mixing to produce silica–chitosan nanocomposite (Si-AL800-chitosan). The resulting samples were examined by different analytical techniques such as SEM, TEM, XRD, BET, TGA/DTA, FT-IR and pore size distribution. The adsorption efficiency of samples towards removal of 152+154Eu radionuclide was investigated under different variables. A maximum capacity of 160 mg/g was found at pH of 5 and 298 K. The order of reaction mechanism is described by pseudo-second order.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of pH, ionic strength, oscillation time, initial uranium concentration and temperature on the uranium adsorption with PVA/PAA-PO4 were studied.
Abstract: With the aim of capturing uranium from water mediums phosphate functionalized poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(acrylic acid) (PVA/PAA) nanofiber (PVA/PAA-PO4) was firstly fabricated using the electrospinning method of fast process and high efficiency. The as-prepared PVA/PAA-PO4 showed excellent water stability and tensile strength besides competitive uranium uptake capacity of 277.78 mg/g. Phosphate played a vital role in the structure of PVA/PAA-PO4 for the attractive uranium uptake capacity. PVA/PAA-PO4 was characterized by SEM, XPS, FT-IR and omnipotence machine. The effects of pH, ionic strength, oscillation time, initial uranium concentration and temperature on the uranium adsorption with PVA/PAA-PO4 were studied. The elution with different kinds of acids was conducted and the reusability through the adsorption-desorption cycle test was carried out. The work provided a promising candidate for uranium separation from aqueous solution.
TL;DR: In this article, the adsorption of colloids on uranium has both physical and chemical adaption, and is mainly monolayer adsoption, while the competitive cations also inhibit the adsoverage, and the maximum capacity obtained by fitting the second order kinetic model is very close to the experimental data.
Abstract: Montmorillonite colloid was synthesized and characterized and the adsorption of U(VI) on colloid as a function of contact time, temperature, initial concentration of U(VI) solution, pH and foreign ions was investigated through batch experiments. The results illustrate that the adsorption reaches equilibrium quickly within 30 mins. Results showed that the absorption process is influenced by pH value, temperature and ions, among which pH value is the most significant. Adsorption percentage increases obviously at pH = 4.0–7.0, and then decreases with the increase of pH value. The competitive cations also inhibit the adsorption. pH value and ions affect the surface properties and charges of the colloid and the chemical form of nuclides. The experimental data was analyzed in detail. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained by fitting the second-order kinetic model is very close to the experimental data. The Langmuir model fits the experimental data better than Freundlich models, R2 = 0.991. The results of fitting two adsorption isotherms show that the adsorption of colloids on uranium has both physical and chemical adsorption, and is mainly monolayer adsorption. Furthermore, the adsorption process is a spontaneous endothermic reaction by calculating the thermodynamic parameters. This experiment can provide some data basis for the adsorption study of U(VI) on colloids.
TL;DR: In this article, flexible surface-supported MOF membranes were successfully prepared on cloth by a simple method and used for iodine adsorption for the first time, and the results indicated that the easy-obtained and environmental-friendly flexible MOF membrane have a great potential for engineering application in iodine adaption.
Abstract: Flexible surface-supported MOF membranes were successfully prepared on cloth by a simple method and used for iodine adsorption for the first time. CuAceAd crystals were synthesized and deposited in situ on the cloth at 50 ℃. The synthesis of the membranes proved to be robust, stable and consistent, as demonstrated by the SEM and XRD. The adsorption properties of the MOF membranes were measured in iodine vapor and iodine/cyclohexane solution, which showed a maximum iodine sorption capacity of 609.76 mg g−1 in the vapor and 144 mg g−1 in the solution, respectively. Additionally, the membranes displayed excellent regeneration ability. These results implied that the easy-obtained and environmental-friendly flexible MOF membranes have a great potential for engineering application in iodine adsorption.
TL;DR: In this paper, the sorption behavior of natural radionuclides (226Ra, 210Po, 228Th) onto silica/olive pomace nanocomposite was investigated.
Abstract: This study is concerned with the sorption behavior of natural radionuclides (226Ra, 210Po, 228Th—originated from TENORM waste associated with petroleum industry) onto silica/olive pomace nanocomposite. Initially, nanocomposites of extracted silica and olive pomace are prepared and characterized by physicochemical techniques. In the batch technique, 60% SiO2 40% olive pomace (AM3) nanocomposite showed a considerable group sorption for 226Ra and 210Po larger than 228Th in 1M HNO3 and HClO4 solutions. In case of sorption by the compacted disc, sorption of 226Ra was similar to batch method, sorption of 228Th increased slightly to ~ 17%, while sorption of 210Po was decreased to 77%. Thus, AM3 nanocomposite can be considered as an efficient nano-adsorbent for sorption and separation of Ra-isotopes and 210Po-radionuclides from 226Ra–210Po–228Th admixture associated with nuclear and non-nuclear industries.
TL;DR: In this paper, the photo-Fenton degradation of methylene blue (MB) aqueous solution was investigated and a good correlation was found between the MB degradation and the amount of hematite phase as confirmed by XRD and Mossbauer measurements.
Abstract: This study aims to find a suitable method to transform the amorphous iron oxides obtained from the incineration of combustible waste slag into hematite. The resulting samples were utilized as heterogeneous photocatalysts for the photo-Fenton degradation of methylene blue (MB) aqueous solution. A good correlation was found between the MB degradation and the amount of hematite phase as confirmed by XRD and Mossbauer measurements. The largest rate constant (k) was (4.1 ± 0.08) × 10−2 min−1 for MB decomposition under visible-light for the sample N5-50-800. The results are promising for both low-cost photocatalysts and recycling of combustible waste slags.
TL;DR: In this article, poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-polyethyleneimine) microspheres with the solid structure were synthesized by precipitation polymerization method for the separation of highly toxic uranium(VI).
Abstract: Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-polyethyleneimine) microspheres with the solid structure were synthesized by precipitation polymerization method for the separation of highly toxic uranium(VI). The structure and morphology of the prepared microspheres were analyzed via FTIR, SEM–EDS, TEM and BET. The optimal adsorption conditions were also investigated, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 274.2 mg g−1. The experimental results showed that the adsorption kinetics conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetics and was in good agreement with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Removal of uranium(VI) ions was achieved by the complexation between the amino groups on the adsorbent and uranyl ions.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of pH, sorbent dosage, total phosphorus concentration, initial uranium concentration, shaking time, temperature, and uranium species of a solution of illite for uranium adsorption were investigated with static experimental methods.
Abstract: The effects of pH, sorbent dosage, total phosphorus concentration, initial uranium concentration, shaking time, temperature, and uranium species of a solution of illite for uranium adsorption were investigated with static experimental methods. The sorption process is a nonlinear multi-layer sorption on the non-uniform surface of illite, dominated by chemical ion-exchange adsorption, an endothermic and spontaneous process that increases entropy. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model can depict the sorption of uranium on illite well. This study is expected to provide theoretical support for research on the sorption mechanism of uranium on illite in plurality systems.
TL;DR: In this article, the polyethylenimine-functionalized magnetic chitosan nanoparticles (MCN-PEI) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, TEM, FT-IR, XRD, etc.
Abstract: The polyethylenimine-functionalized magnetic chitosan nanoparticles (MCN-PEI) are synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, TEM, FT-IR, XRD, etc. The MCN-PEI exhibits a core–shell structure, and had a saturation magnetization of 18.7 emu/g (which is high enough for fast magnetic separation). The maximum U(VI) sorption capacity for MCN-PEI reaches 134.6 mg/g at pH 5.0 and 298 K. The good-fitting of both sorption kinetics by pseudo-second-order model and sorption isotherms by Langmuir model indicates chemisorption mechanism. The thermodynamic parameters indicate the spontaneous and exothermic nature for U(VI) sorption. Finally, the magnetic nano-sorbents can be efficiently desorbed by acidified EDTA solution for regeneration.
TL;DR: In this paper, nuclear analytical methods namely in situ current normalised Particle Induced Gamma Ray Emission (PIGE) and conventional Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) were utilized for determining major, minor and trace concentrations of eighteen elements in five soda-lime (automobile) glass samples.
Abstract: Nuclear analytical methods namely in situ current normalised Particle Induced Gamma Ray Emission (PIGE) and conventional Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) were utilized for determining major, minor and trace concentrations of eighteen elements in five soda-lime (automobile) glass samples. Concentration of four major elements (Si, Na, Mg and Al) by PIGE and fourteen elements including ten trace elements by INAA were determined. For forensic application, major elements were used for confirming the class of glass samples, whereas concentration results of trace elements like transition and rare earth elements were utilized for finding similarity or differences among the glass samples.