Showing papers in "Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs in 1979"
789 citations
TL;DR: A survey of over 7000 New England college students revealed that fewer than 5% of both men and women abstain from alcohol, that men tend to drink more than women and that both women and men drink more frequently as they progress in college.
Abstract: A survey of over 7000 New England college students revealed that fewer than 5% of both men and women abstain from alcohol, that men tend to drink more than women and that both men and women drink more frequently as they progress in college; high-school drinking patterns were more important than any other variable in determining alcohol use in college.
241 citations
TL;DR: The reliability of the scale was measured by the test-retest scores of adolescent alcoholics and adolescents who drink infrequently; its validity was assessed by psychiatrists' and others' ratings of the items, the scores of adolescents reporting alcohol misuse and the factor-analyzed scores of a large population of high-school studnets as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The reliability of the scale was measured by the test-retest scores of adolescent alcoholics and adolescents who drink infrequently; its validity was assessed by psychiatrists' and others' ratings of the items, the scores of adolescents reporting alcohol misuse and the factor-analyzed scores of a large population of high-school studnets.
240 citations
TL;DR: A review of the literature suggests that the concept of "the alcoholic personality" might be usefully broken down into two concepts--a clinical alcoholic personality and a prealcoholic personality.
Abstract: A review of the literature suggests that the concept of "the alcoholic personality" might be usefully broken down into two concepts--a clinical alcoholic personality and a prealcoholic personality.
138 citations
TL;DR: Families in which the alcoholic patient showed better treatment outcome were higher than the other in cohesion, active-recreational orientation and organization, and lower in conflict and control.
Abstract: Families in which the alcoholic patient showed better treatment outcome were higher than the other in cohesion, active-recreational orientation and organization, and lower in conflict and control; they also experienced more positive and fewer negative life events, and reported fewer physical and emotional symptoms and disagreements.
130 citations
TL;DR: Five factors underlying the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test reflect specific problem areas, while total scores classify patients along a continuum according to degree of alcohol misuse.
Abstract: Five factors underlying the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test reflect specific problem areas, while total scores classify patients along a continuum according to degree of alcohol misuse. For most purposes, a simpler unit weighting method of scoring may be used in place of differential weights.
115 citations
TL;DR: The discriminative value and internal consistency of items of the MAST, MAST-10 and Mast-13, as well as the predictive validity of these items are examined in the scores of 200 motorists arrested for driving while intoxicated.
Abstract: The discriminative value and internal consistency of items of the MAST, MAST-10 and MAST-13, as well as the predictive validity of the MAST-10 and MAST-13, are examined in the scores of 200 motorists arrested for driving while intoxicated.
94 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed that Alcoholics Anonymous's continued domination of the alcoholism treatment field has fettered innovation, precluded early intervention and limited treatment strategies.
Abstract: It is proposed that Alcoholics Anonymous's continued domination of the alcoholism treatment field has fettered innovation, precluded early intervention and limited treatment strategies.
93 citations
TL;DR: In close to 3000 alcoholics followed up from 4 to 24 years after first contact with a treatment facility, the death rate was more than double the expected rate; the rates of death due to accidents and suicides were 4 times the expected rates.
Abstract: In close to 3000 alcoholics followed up from 4 to 24 years after first contact with a treatment facility, the death rate was more than double the expected rate; the rates of death due to accidents and suicides were 4 times the expected rates
83 citations
TL;DR: Research on occupational differences in drinking has focused on deviant drinking, but the deficiencies of this perspective are discussed, and a subcultural theory is proposed.
Abstract: Research on occupational differences in drinking has focused on deviant drinking The deficiencies of this perspective are discussed, and a subcultural theory is proposed
78 citations
TL;DR: The marital interactions of alcoholics and their wives did not differ significantly from those of nonalcoholic maritally distressed couples, but both differed from the interactions of non alcoholic, nondistressed couples.
Abstract: The marital interactions of alcoholics and their wives did not differ significantly from those of nonalcoholic maritally distressed couples, but both differed from the interactions of nonalcoholic, nondistressed couples.
TL;DR: Women alcoholics were more likely than nonalcoholics to report that they desire, engage in and enjoy sexual intercourse more after drinking.
Abstract: Women alcoholics were more likely than nonalcoholics to report that they desire, engage in and enjoy sexual intercourse more after drinking. Reproductive dysfunction was more typical of women having various types of psychopathology (including alcoholism) than of normal women.
TL;DR: Twenty-one primary alcoholism prevention demonstration projects funded by the U.S. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism are reviewed and 7 are evaluated in detail.
Abstract: Twenty-one primary alcoholism prevention demonstration projects funded by the U.S. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism are reviewed and 7 are evaluated in detail.
TL;DR: The incidence of violent crime in an industrialized area of Ontario was positively correlated with sales of alcoholic beverages to establishments licensed to serve them on premises and negatively correlated with mean income and percentage of owner-occupied dwellings.
Abstract: The incidence of violent crime in an industrialized area of Ontario was positively correlated with sales of alcoholic beverages to establishments licensed to serve them on premises and negatively correlated with mean income and percentage of owner-occupied dwellings.
TL;DR: Rates of on-premise outlets and urbanism were significantly related to rates of alcoholism in 38 states and the District of Columbia.
Abstract: Rates of on-premise outlets and urbanism were significantly related to rates of alcoholism in 38 states and the District of Columbia.
TL;DR: Of high-school students who attend church, fundamental Protestants are less likely to drink than are liberal Protestants and Roman Catholics; nonattenders are more likely than churchgoers to be heavy drinkers.
Abstract: Of high-school students who attend church, fundamental Protestants are less likely to drink than are liberal Protestants and Roman Catholics; nonattenders are more likely than churchgoers to be heavy drinkers.
TL;DR: Statistical analysis of blood alcohol concentration at time of arrest, quantity-frequency level of drinking and scores on an impairment index and the N Scale of the Eysenck Personality Inventory differentiated 7 types among 1500 men arrested for driving while intoxicated.
Abstract: Statistical analysis of blood alcohol concentration at time of arrest, quantity-frequency level of drinking and scores on an impairment index and the N Scale of the Eysenck Personality Inventory differentiated 7 types among 1500 men arrested for driving while intoxicated.
TL;DR: In light of the continuing discussion about the value of the serum GGTP level as a screening test, the relationship between serum GGT' levels and the quantity of alcohol consumed is investigated.
Abstract: Increased activity of serum ¾-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) in apparently healthy persons appears to be specific for diseases of the liver, biliary tract and pancreas (1), and several authors (1-4) have suggested that elevated levels are associated with excessive consumption of alcohol. Some researchers (5, 6) have expressed misgivings as to the efficiency of the serum GGTP level as a screening test for alcoholism or excessive drinking. In an earlier study (4) Rollason et al. reported an increase in mean serum GGTP level with increasing daily alcohol consumption, as determined from responses to a computerized medical history questionnaire, and showed a higher proportion of raised serum GGTP levels in the "heavy," compared with "moderate" or "social," drinkers. In light of the continuing discussion about the value of the serum GGTP level as a screening test, we have investigated in greater depth the relationship between serum GGT' levels and the quantity of alcohol consumed.
TL;DR: Whether or not their husbands stop drinking, wives of alcoholics who belong to Al-Anon can modify such counterproductive “coping” as providing the drinker with a safe environment and attempting to control the Drinker.
Abstract: Whether or not their husbands stop drinking, wives of alcoholics who belong to Al-Anon can modify such counterproductive “coping” as providing the drinker with a safe environment and attempting to control the drinker.
TL;DR: Maudsley, Roman and Tryon rats showed strain differences in alcohol intake and alcohol preference ratio, and sex differences in Alcohol Intake and Alcohol preference ratio.
Abstract: Maudsley, Roman and Tryon rats showed strain differences in alcohol intake and alcohol preference ratio, and sex differences in alcohol intake.
TL;DR: Lower peak blood ethanol concentrations after 1 and 2 g of ethanol per kg were found in pregnant rats than in virgin females, but there were no significant differences in adult "emotionality" or ethanol consumption in rats exposed to prenatal alcohol and in pair-fed and untreated controls.
Abstract: Lower peak blood ethanol concentrations after 1 and 2 g of ethanol per kg were found in pregnant rats than in virgin females. No significant differences in adult "emotionality" or ethanol consumption were found in rats exposed to prenatal alcohol and in pair-fed and untreated controls.
TL;DR: In a taste-test situation, both men and women college students drank more wine when paired with an experimental accomplice who drank heavily than when pairing with a nondrinking accomplice.
Abstract: In a taste-test situation, both men and women college students drank more wine when paired with an experimental accomplice who drank heavily than when paired with a nondrinking accomplice.
TL;DR: The slower the tempo of country western music, the faster barroom patrons consumed their drinks.
Abstract: The slower the tempo of country western music, the faster barroom patrons consumed their drinks.
TL;DR: Compared with nonalcoholics, alcoholics were less able to focus on relevant cues and recall pertinent ideas or events and possible consequences and their internal scanning was narrower.
Abstract: Compared with nonalcoholics, alcoholics were less able to focus on relevant cues (i.e., they had weaker cognitive control) and less able to recall pertinent ideas or events and possible consequences (i.e., their internal scanning was narrower).
TL;DR: Inhibition of human platelet malonyldialdehyde (an indicator of platelet prostaglandin synthesis) in platelet-rich plasma, not found after 100 mg of ethanol per 100 ml in vitro, was dose-related at 200, 400 and 750 mg per 100ml.
Abstract: Inhibition of human platelet malonyldialdehyde (an indicator of platelet prostaglandin synthesis) in platelet-rich plasma, not found after 100 mg of ethanol per 100 ml in vitro, was dose-related at 200, 400 and 750 mg per 100 ml.
TL;DR: Young rats, on a nutrient-fortified liquid diet containing 7% ethanol, showed decreases in brain sialic acid and 2-deoxyribose within 2 weeks; action on both compounds was delayed in forebrain, but decreases were apparent there after 6 weeks.
Abstract: Young rats, on a nutrient-fortified liquid diet containing 7% ethanol, showed decreases in brain sialic acid and 2-deoxyribose within 2 weeks; action on both compounds was delayed in forebrain, but decreases were apparent there after 6 weeks.
TL;DR: Tobacco smoking either prior to or during alcohol consumption or both counteracted the alcohol-induced slowing of alpha frequency which was evident in both nonsmokers and deprived smokers.
Abstract: Tobacco smoking either prior to or during alcohol consumption or both counteracted the alcohol-induced slowing of alpha frequency which was evident in both nonsmokers and deprived smokers.