Showing papers in "Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment in 1991"

TL;DR: Review of the literature on the significance and scope of the problem of cocaine use by methadone clients and on the behavioral interventions that have been evaluated for these clients finds that these clients differ from other cocaine users in ways that are likely to affect how they respond to the interventions.

TL;DR: It is proposed that what these neuropsychological and personality indexes are actually describing in successful recoverers is the neuropsychodynamic trait variable of ego autonomy, which is related to a reflective, nonimpulsive, goal-directed cognitive style.

TL;DR: The protracted nature of some of these symptoms raises the possibility that benzodiazepines can give rise not only to slowly reversible functional changes in the central nervous system, but may also occasionally cause structural neuronal damage.

TL;DR: It is suggested that a major factor in recovery is the ability to elicit and receive support, and improving this ability may be a fruitful objective in treatment.

TL;DR: Use of benzodiazepines increased dramatically during the 1960s and early 1970s; tranquilizer but not hypnotic usage has since declined; reaction has set in against these drugs, with attempts to limit them to short-term use.

TL;DR: For rehabilitated patients requiring long-term or life-long care, medical maintenance is a viable alternative to traditional clinic programs and can be implemented in many hospitals with proper policies and procedures.

TL;DR: The epidemiology of communicable infectious diseases among drug abusers in the USA, rudimentary aspects of medical management of selected infectious diseases are presented, and the need to integrate infectious diseases, drug abuse treatment, and public health approaches is discussed.

TL;DR: Alprazolam deserves special caution because of its relative newness, great popularity, reinforcing capabilities, relatively severe withdrawal syndrome, and reports of addiction and negative consequences of use.

TL;DR: Three alternative "warm turkey" routes to abstinence are discussed: (a) sobriety sampling, (b) tapering down, and (c) trial moderation.

TL;DR: It is concluded that benzodiazepine prescribing for the elderly should be undertaken with the greatest caution and only with the recognition of all potentially disastrous effects.

TL;DR: The advances in the recent understanding of the molecular biology of the benzodiazepine receptor gives hope to the development of new anxiolytic compounds with less dependence liability than the present ones.

TL;DR: The effects of a combined naloxone/methadone preparation through oral intake and the effects of an intravenous administration were tested and it was argued that this combination therapy prevents the intravenous abuse of methadone in maintenance programs.

TL;DR: Management of benzodiazepine (BZD) tolerance is divided into low- and high-dose withdrawal, and it is recommended that the patients be tolerance tested with diazepam and, if tolerant, tapered off medication as inpatients at a rate of 10% per day.

TL;DR: An Altered States of Consciousness Therapy (ASCT) program is described that can be used to teach patients to consciously manipulate affect and cognition to achieve a new consciousness.

TL;DR: It appears that dual-diagnosis patients presenting with psychiatric disorder coexisting with alcohol and/or drug abuse require highly specialized treatment strategies not generally available in a conventional psychiatric day hospital.

TL;DR: When reading the PDF, the author is very reliable in using the words to create sentences and the ways how the author creates the diction to influence many people will be seen.

TL;DR: It is suggested that variables other than methadone dose affect heroin use, as increased urine morphine during one decade was associated with program and community changes that could have prompted increased heroin use.

TL;DR: Longer time in treatment at STAR was associated with reduced heroin and cocaine use and improvements in social, economic and legal realms, and possible modifications of the STAR program are discussed.

TL;DR: Results confirm the clinical utility of this protocol as evidenced by rapid detoxification, minimal dropout, and induction of naltrexone maintenance.

TL;DR: This study evaluated three groups of Vietnam subjects on a chemical dependency unit who had a current Axis I diagnosis of alcohol abuse and showed that the PTSD Group had significantly higher scores on the MMPI and AUI reflective of deteriorated and binge drinking patterns.

TL;DR: A model is proposed that addresses the needs of pregnant drug-addicted women and their fetuses, and that serves as an alternative to forced treatment or criminal prosecution.

TL;DR: Clearer definitions and usage of the terms of abuse, addiction, tolerance, and dependence would result in accurate diagnosis and proper treatment of the disorders associated with benzodiazepine use, that is, anxiety and depressive disorders, alcoholism, and other drug addictions.

TL;DR: It is shown that addictive substances become so central to the life of the addicted person that their absence is associated with a grief reaction, and the role of brief psychotherapy as a vehicle for helping clients cope with their grief reactions is discussed.

TL;DR: Along with the use of a condom, the need for a reservoir tip and the risks associated with multiple sex partners should be stressed.

TL;DR: A case of crack addiction developing for the first time in an elderly person and subsequent complications is discussed and it is hoped this will be helpful to practicing clinicians and stimulate research to understand cocaine and crack abuse patterns in the elderly.

TL;DR: In spite of problems in definitions, studies have clearly shown that abuse, addiction, tolerance, and dependence develop commonly in benzodiazepine use.

TL;DR: Improvement in patients' program involvement was documented in a number of areas, with a concomitant reduction in resistance to treatment.