Showing papers in "Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment in 2008"

TL;DR: Treatment of co-occurring severe mental illness and substance use disorder now has a large but heterogeneous evidence base that nevertheless supports several types of interventions, although future research will need to address methodological standardization, longitudinal perspectives, interventions for subgroups and stages, sequenced interventions, and the changing realities of treatment systems.

TL;DR: Across all ages, clients self-reporting criteria for past-year substance dependence were more likely than those who did not to have other co-occurring mental health problems (odds ratios of 2.9 to 8.8), and young adults (ages 18-25) were found to be most vulnerable to co-Occurring problems.

TL;DR: Providing this type of brief intervention is a viable approach to working with high-risk teens to decrease substance use and it is found that Project CHAT teens reported less marijuana use, lower perceived prevalence ofarijuana use, fewer friends who used marijuana, and lower intentions to use marijuana in the next 6 months.

TL;DR: Of the 12 studies that compared pre- and post-BI results, 11 observed a significant effect of BI on at least some of the outcomes: alcohol intake, risky drinking practices, alcohol-related negative consequences, and injury frequency.

TL;DR: Clinical management stages including maintenance medication selection, induction, and stabilization; opioid agonist medication management before, during, and after delivery; pain management; breast-feeding; and transfer to aftercare are addressed.

TL;DR: The epidemiology of co-occurring disorders (CODs) with an emphasis on the implications of study findings for the functioning and potential of substance abuse treatment and issues raised for consideration by the clinical research and treatment provider communities.

TL;DR: Perceptions of withdrawal severity in 67 daily cannabis users and 54 daily tobacco cigarette smokers who made quit attempts during the prior 30 days are compared, indicating that real-world, frequent cannabis users perceive that withdrawal symptoms negatively affect their desire and ability to quit.

TL;DR: This selective review explores conceptual and assessment issues related to readiness to modify substance use and readiness to initiate behaviors helpful for managing mental illness in the search for a better understanding of patient motivation for change.

TL;DR: Estimating the associations between clinical supervision and these variables in a large sample reveals that clinical supervision was negatively associated with emotional exhaustion and turnover intention, and the perceived quality of clinical supervision is strongly associated with counselors' perceptions of job autonomy, procedural justice, and distributive justice.

TL;DR: Results indicated that participants in the intervention group (WI and MI conditions combined) reported significantly lower levels of drinking than those in the control group at a 30-day follow-up, supporting the use of web-based feedback as a stand-alone alcohol prevention program for young adults in the workplace.

TL;DR: A neurobiological formulation is discussed, suggesting that the use of substances in patients with schizophrenia may be based on a dysfunction within the dopamine-mediated brain reward circuitry and that clozapine, in particular, may potentially ameliorate this dysfunction and lessen the desire for substance use.

TL;DR: The approach is acceptable to participants and merits further evaluation with this difficult to reach population of non-treatment-seeking adolescent cannabis users.

TL;DR: The Prescription Opioid Misuse Index appears to be a sensitive and specific instrument for identifying patients who misuse opioid medications.

TL;DR: Smoking cessation treatment resulted in significant reductions in daily smoking and modest smoking abstinence rates without having an adverse impact on substance abuse rehabilitation when given concurrently with outpatient substance abuse treatment.

TL;DR: Female survivors of childhood abuse did not improve in treatment as much as their nonabused peers in psychological functioning, substance abuse, or continuing trauma exposure, indicative of the pervasive detrimental effects of early abuse.

TL;DR: In this paper, the prevalence and determinants of cigarette smoking cessation treatment in U.S. outpatient substance abuse treatment (OSAT) units were investigated. But, the authors focused on the availability of smoking assessment and individual or group counseling and pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation.

TL;DR: It is concluded that primary-care-based buprenorphine/naloxone treatment is associated with decreased drug-related HIV risk, but additional efforts may be needed to address sex- related HIV risk when present.

TL;DR: It is suggested thatMET-PS is not more effective than TAU for pregnant substance users in general but that there might be particular subgroups or treatment programs for which MET-PS might be more or less effective thanTAU.

TL;DR: 150 mg/day naltrexone added to a psychosocial treatment resulted in reductions in cocaine andalcohol use and drug severity in men, compared to higher rates of cocaine and alcohol use andDrug severity in women.

TL;DR: A cost-effectiveness analysis of four interventions, including family-based, individual, and group cognitive behavioral approaches, for adolescents with a substance use disorder suggested that the least expensive intervention (group) was the most cost-effective.

TL;DR: The TBRS-C demonstrated strong interrater reliability for goal-specific ratings of treatment adherence, and modest reliability forgoal-specific and global ratings of therapist competence, evidence of construct validity, and discriminant validity with an observational measure of therapeutic alliance.

TL;DR: This study compared the efficacy of disulfiram (DSF) and topiramate (TPM) for preventing alcoholic relapse in an open study of routine clinical practice in India and found that TPM-treated patients did show less craving than DSF patients did.

TL;DR: It is found that alcohol use, although often problematic in methadone-using patients, likely does not change upon entering MMT and is recommended for routine screening and treatment for problematic alcohol use in patients on MMT.

TL;DR: It is indicated that GCBT produces reliable, significant, and sustained reductions in stimulant use and sexual risk behaviors, particularly in methamphetamine-abusing gay and bisexual men.

TL;DR: Although cost estimates were scant for some modalities, the recommended cost bands are based on the best available economic research, and it is believed that these new ranges will be more useful to and pertinent for all stakeholders of publicly funded substance abuse treatment.

TL;DR: Data suggest missed opportunities for optimally engaging patients in the early stages of treatment and enhancing substance use outcomes and only moderate success to date of efforts to bridge the gap between research and practice.

TL;DR: Factors that influence national policy and practice are described, with particular focus on the implications of epidemiological survey research on the needs of persons with co-occurring disorders involving their mental health and substance use.

TL;DR: Clinicians should focus on keeping patients engaged in AA, addressing depressive symptoms, improving patient's coping, and enhancing social support during the first year and reduce the risk of relapse by monitoring individuals whose alcohol problems and impulsivity improve unusually quickly.

TL;DR: The different influences present during the two waiting periods suggest that assessment and treatment programs need to implement system changes and entry enhancement interventions that are specific to the needs of substance abusers at each waiting period.

TL;DR: The findings of two controlled trials of spiritual direction as an adjunct in addiction treatment report that those randomly assigned to spiritual direction unexpectedly showed significantly less improvement on depression and anxiety, relative to TAU controls.