Showing papers in "Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic and Computer Engineering in 2015"

Fuzzy Depth Based Routing Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract: Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks consist of a variable number of sensors and vehicles that are implemented to perform collaborative monitoring tasks over a given area. However, designing energy-efficient routing protocols for this type of networks is essential and challenging because the sensor nodes is powered by batteries, underwater environment is harsh and propagation delay is long. Most of the existing routing protocols used for underwater wireless sensor networks, such as depth based routing (DBR) protocol use a greedy approach to deliver data packets to the destination sink nodes at the water surface. Further, DBR does not require full-dimensional location information of sensor nodes. Instead, it needs only local depth information, which can be easily obtained with an inexpensive depth sensor that can be equipped in every underwater sensor node. DBR uses smaller depth as the only metric for choosing a route. This decision might lead to high energy consumption and long end to end delay which will degrade network performance. This paper proposes an improvement of DBR protocol by making routing decisions depend on fuzzy cost based on the residual energy of receiver node in conjunction with the depth difference of receiver node and previous forwarder node and the number of hops traveled by the received packet. Our simulation was carried out in Aquasim an NS2 based underwater simulator and the evaluation results show that the proposed fuzzy multi metric DBR protocol (FDBR) performs better than the original DBR in terms of average end to end delay, packet delivery ratio and energy saving

A Review of Characterization Techniques for Material's Properties Measurement using Microwave Resonant Sensor

Abstract: This paper presents a compilation of important review in the development of microwave resonant sensor technology used in previous years. The major research work for each year is reviewed. Most of the resonators are designed for material characterization in specific application areas such as food quality control, medical, bio-sensing and subsurface detection. In the last few years, several resonant sensors based on the planar and non-planar structure are compared and examined in order to propose a new topology of microwave sensors designed. The weaknesses of conventional sensors such as bulky size, high cost manufacturing and consume high volumes of detectable sample have been reviewed. Most significantly, this new proposed structure must gain high quality factor to gain improvement in an accuracy of the sensing capability and can overcome previous design weaknesses. This device will discriminate the composition and properties of samples based on scattering parameters in certain operating frequency. The proposed system outlined in this paper, featuring new innovation in resonator structure as well as providing advanced capability design of future research works. The contribution of this study is useful for various types of applications where the characterizing of materials is very important, while improving its performance especially in terms of accuracy and sensitivity. The previous studies will be reviewed and critically compared in order to gain a better understanding in microwave resonant sensors and new ideas for further research improvement in application, which require characterizing of materials.

Development of Auto-Notification Application for Mobile Device using Geofencing Technique

Abstract: Mobile devices have become an integral part of human lifestyle. The convenience offered by mobile devices usage can’t be denied. However, there are growing concerns about the disturbances caused by usage of mobile devices. One of the concerns is the disturbances caused by ringing sound of mobile devices at places that require silence such as mosque, library, cinema, and meeting room. Mobile device owners often forget to turn on silence mode on their devices in these places. To overcome such problem, this paper proposes an auto-notification application for mobile device using geofencing technique. Geofencing technique is used to detect virtual boundary that have been preset around required places. When a user enters the particular place, the application will detect that the user’s mobile device has crossed the virtual boundary and will automatically notify the user to turn the silence mode on the device. The opposite process will happen when the user crosses the boundary to exit the place. The main advantage of the application is that it will remind mobile device users to mute their devices when they are entering places that require silence

Review on Auto-Depth Control System for an Unmanned Underwater Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) using Intelligent Controller

Abstract: This paper presents a review of auto-depth control system for an Unmanned Underwater Remotely operated Vehicle (ROV), focusing on the Artificial Intelligent Controller Techniques. Specifically, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) is utilized in auto-depth control system for the ROV. This review covered recently published documents for auto-depth control of an Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV). This paper also describes the control issues in UUV especially for the ROV, which has inspired the authors to develop a new technique for auto-depth control of the ROV, called the SIFLC. This technique was the outcome of an investigation and tuning of two parameters, namely the break point and slope for the piecewise linear or slope for the linear approximation. Hardware comparison of the same concepts of ROV design was also discussed. The ROV design is for smallscale, open frame and lower speed. The review on auto-depth control system for ROV, provides insights for readers to design new techniques and algorithms for auto-depth control

A Novel Solution based on Multi-Objective AI Techniques for Optimization of CMOS LC_VCOS

Abstract: A method of optimizing components and transistors sizing for CMOS Cross-Coupled LC voltage controlled oscillators is presented in this paper. The design constrains of power consumption, phase noise, and the Figure of Merit (FoM) of LC_VCOs are applied on Multi-Objective AI techniques, simultaneously. The design parameters of LC_VCOs are obtained from the two strong algorithms, the Multi-Objective Inclined Planes system Optimization (MOIPO) and the Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO). It was implemented in MATLAB, to the Pareto Optimal Front (POF) solutions, which have an amazingly trade-off between three objective functions. The LC_VCO circuits were simulated using this method in a 0.18μm-CMOS process by HSPICE RF environment. The results show that the size of components of the PMOS-only and NMOS-only integrated LC_VCOs and the optimal trade-off curve between minimum power and minimum phase noise.

A Review of Service Quality in Integrated Networking System at the Hospital Scenarios

Abstract: Hospital networking system is progressing into a more unified method by connecting technology that utilizes wireless networking technologies into backbone networks. Even though multiple joined circumstances have been acknowledged in the published articles, a common medical facility has not been thoroughly studied and continued to be a difficult subject that is pending. The main challenge faced by networking consultants is the smooth unification of all the components in an all-in-one of healthcare delivery system. A perfect understanding of the functions of the unified networking is essential for effective designing and utilization of such knowledge in the medical backgrounds. This paper denotes the design and review of unified networking system circumstances in a hospital background. The effect of the types of traffic for example the audio and visual, system loads, size and strength of the network line is studied by a test run. Three pilot test studies have been conducted in radiology AE it is linked with the prerequisites of QoS. In ICU situations, the video conferencing function downgrades the size of the network. Therefore, a QoS enabled gadget is suggested to minimise the packet delay and data losses. This study gives an overall explanation of wireless telemedicine technology and QoS. The findings of this study are summarised and arranged. Besides, the quality of service which has to be studied through the wireless telemedicine technology has been indicated. The findings of this study will provide a useful perspective in the investigation of QoS in wireless telemedicine technology and serve as a foundation for any individuals who are intrigued in the research of “wireless telemedicine technology for e-healthcare services

The Potential of Silicon Photonic Devices based on Micro-Ring Resonator

Abstract: Silicon photonic is the theory and application of photonic systems that utilize silicon as an optical medium. The fabrication compatibility with current CMOS processes offer vast development and future improvement of optical devices. By using silicon micro-ring resonator, the requirement of high speed on-chip interconnections can be achieved. This paper gives an overview of the recent research on the potential of silicon photonics based on micro-ring resonator

Embedded Inductive Sensor System in Helping Industrial Machine Maintenance Problems

Abstract: The inductive sensor / proximity sensor was preliminarily initiated to be used as a micro level limit switch where its potential in speed measurement was not taken advantage by the industries. Thus, looking into its potential significant contribution, this paper presents the performance of a non-contact inductive sensor which was used to remotely measure the high speed rotational spindle with high degree of accuracy. The sensor was used to generate pulse correlating the rotational speed of a machine. An experiment was conducted using a self-designed test rig to investigate its performance in counting the machine spindle speed which can help to ease the machine maintenance task for technical supports. The measuring was monitored by a specially designed LCD display, connected to an electronic circuit and a microcontroller. The test result shows that the inductive proximity sensor yields up to 95% in terms of rotational speed accuracy. The setup was made to suit a single monitoring system, while the modular based for multiple systems that integrate different operations are in progress.

Comparative Study of Mutual Coupling on Microstrip Antennas for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) Application

Abstract: The increasing in interest of wearable antenna for military, sport, and medical applications may replace the uses of wired-communication network to wireless and wearable network. . In this paper, three shapes of the antennas which resonate at 2.4GHz and 5.2 GHz have been designed using jeans with the permittivity constant of 1.7 as the dielectric. The mutual coupling of the array antenna for the various shapes has been analyzed in H-plane and E-plane configuration respectively. The mutual coupling for the antenna in E-plane configuration has shown more sensitive toward the variation of distance between the elements, with compared to the elements in H-plane arrangement

Optimization of the Running Speed of Ant Colony Algorithm with Address-based Hardware Method

Abstract: Ant colony algorithm is an algorithm inspired by the Nature. It has been used a lot for solving complex issues and finding optimum answers. However, this algorithm is problematic due to its huge calculations, resulting in the decrease of its running speed. Such a decrease is considered a weak point for the much used algorithm. This paper presents an optimized core design purely based on hardware technology. By presenting a special algorithm which runs on a programmable chip based on nodes' address in memory, the repetition of the same function is avoided. Assessments done on ISE Xilinx area have optimized the speed of the suggested Ant colony algorithm running time compared to the hardware method based on the population for 27 times, method based on ID 17.74 times, and the compound hardware-software method up to 15.71 times

Image Duplication and Rotation Algorithms for Storage Utilization

Abstract: In this era, there is high end storage with high storage capacity. However, due to ethic issues, this development has rapidly increased the cost of hardware every year. In order to prevent the rapid increase of the hardware cost, pattern detection methods are introduced to optimize the storage utilization by detecting image duplication and inappropriate image. Pattern detection is usually applied before pattern recognition. The accuracy of pattern detection can give impact to pattern recognition. Therefore, it plays an important role on a digital image. This paper is based on scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) for image near-duplication detection and V-J face detection. V-J method refers to Viola Jones’s method. Both methods have been successfully applied to the real world problem. Since the V-J face detection method is not trained with rotated features, it has limitiation to rotation invariant, whereas the SIFT method detects many feature keypoints, affecting the speed performance. In order to overcome the issues above, this paper proposed a new method by enhancing the SIFT with speed performance and V-J face detection with high rotation invariant. The comparison result of the experiment shows that the proposed solutions produce better performance

Statistical Analysis of The Most Popular Software Service Effort Estimation Datasets

Abstract: Considering the complex nature of software projects, we have to use historical data and past experiences to execute them better. In previous years, a large number of software engineering datasets were introduced for different purpose. One of the important groups among these datasets is the use of software effort estimation repositories as a framework for analyzing diverse methods and models of estimation. In recent decades, researchers have worked on the different types of these datasets for various purposes and have tried to find the features of each one. DPS, ISBSG, Desharnais, Maxwell, and CF are among the most popular of these datasets. Insufficient or unstructured documentation causes problems for researchers in recognizing and working with datasets that are suitable for their purposes. This article intends to perform a thorough statistical analysis of the five the most popular datasets for software effort estimation to provide researchers with useful information and to help them select the appropriate repositories. In this paper, a thorough statistical analysis of software effort datasets is performed, and sufficient explanations are offered so that researchers have better options for their particular purposes. It is suggested that software engineering community should be aware of and account for the software effort dataset related issues when evaluating the validity of research outcomes

Modeling The Wayfinding Queueing Bottleneck in Autonomous Evacuation Navigation System Using Simulation Approaches

Abstract: In the event of an emergency evacuation, wayfinding that is finding the safest and shortest path to the main exit is considered to be a critical problem, especially for unfamiliar occupants. Besides, the time taken to reach the nearby exit will be increased by a variety of bottleneck such as queuing stages. Therefore, a simulation of the occupant evacuation is presented to identify and minimize the queuing bottleneck using an autonomous evacuation navigation system (AENS). AENS is proposed to solve an indoor wayfinding problem because it is independent, reliable and capable of eliminating human as an agent during the emergency evacuation. Thus, this study compares the queuing bottleneck at the door by conducting simulation without and with the AENS using 100, 150 and 200 occupants as the design parameter. The implementation of AENS has enabled the identification, acceleration and minimization of the queuing bottleneck. Moreover, it has proven that the evacuation time for the design parameters has been reduced by 19.9%, 23%, and 32.6% respectively

Developing a Wireless Charging Concept via Loosely Coupled Inductive Power Transfer for Mobile Applications

Abstract: This paper aims to develop a charging method for mobile applications, i.e electric vehicle via loosely coupled inductive power transfer (LCIPT) method. This method enables wireless power transmission from a stationary power source to a moving load, which is the electric vehicle in our case. In this paper, a prototype capable to deliver power efficiently from a stationary power source to a moving load is developed. The prototype is designed in a small scale low power model of 12 Volt 5 Watt DC input in order to prove the proposed method is applicable and could be widely used in future works through the evolution of wireless power transfer (WPT) technology. To be specific, in this project, Class E resonant inverter is used to convert the DC source to AC source at 1 MHz resonant frequency. Analysis is done on different configurations and setups of the transmission coils. Compensator circuit is also designed at the transmission coil to boost the power transfer efficiency. The output of the wireless power transmission is tested on DC-motorcar and LED. At the end, a prototype is successfully developed.

The Development of Wireless Power Transfer Technologies for Low Power Applications: An Acoustic Based Approach

Abstract: Wireless power transfer (WPT) is the transmission of electrical power across a medium without the use of electrical conductors. This paper aims to transfer low power wirelessly by using acoustic based method. The feasibility of transmitting electric power through some specific surface or material by propagating acoustic waves using piezoelectric transducers was analyzed here. The efficiency of power transmission for Acoustic power transfer (APT) has been briefly examined for different transmission medium. For this paper, the air and metal block were chosen as the transfer medium and the efficiency performance of these medium have successfully been analyzed. At the end, a prototype of APT system was developed which was capable of transferring voltage through air at the maximum distance of 10cm at 0.96V. The prototype of APT system with metal medium had also been completed but it failed to transmit the power due to unsuitability of transducer used.

Current Developments in LTE/LTE-Advanced : Adaptive-Proportional Fair Scheduling in LTE

Abstract: This paper provides analytical expressions to validate and evaluate the performance of Long Term Evolution (LTE) network in terms of throughput, spectral efficiency and SINR which are subjected to the constraint of proportional fairness amongst users from the EnodeB. The proportional fair scheduling (PFS) algorithm is mainly focused on bandwidth allocation criterion in LTE networks for supporting high resource utilization while maintaining high fairness among network flows to each distributed User Equipment (UE). The most challenge of a PFS problem is the lack of analytic expression. Though the PFS algorithm has been a research focus for some time, the results are mainly obtained from computer simulations. The current existing research applies a simplified form of the PFS preference metric and the given analytic expression is capable to support certain cases. The proposed model is refined with respect to uniform modulation and coding, as applied in LTE networks. Besides, we show that our models are approximate estimates for the performance of rate-based proportional fair scheduling, while they outperform some simpler prediction models from related work significantly

Cross Layer Scheduling in WiMAX QOS for Disaster Management

Abstract: How a base station assigns free resource slots to BE service class is depending on the available channel bandwidth after all the other classes have been served. Generally, it is known that the performance of BE is always the worst and provides the lowest level of quality compared to all other classes. However, if somewhat unexpected natural disaster strikes or an environmental catastrophe occurs, when the major communication infrastructure has been destroyed, it is possible that the only available Quality of Service (QoS) service is BE. Under this condition, users or, particularly, a rescue team will not have any other options but to use the only available service class for any types of applications including voice communications or even video communications. Based on that scenario, we have performed simulations using OPNET modeler simulation tool to evaluate the rtPS and BE performance with particular focus on video conferencing/streaming and also data transfer applications. Simulation results show that in certain situations, a user with BE QoS could provide better throughput compared to a user with rtPS. In addition, we also propose a cross layer scheduling mechanism by assigning the video conferencing/streaming application to BE service class and file transfer application to the rtPS service class. The results obtained indicate that for certain combinations of users and QoS, BE service class demonstrates a higher throughput than rtPS. This scenario can be practically applied by a rescue team in any disaster management operations apart from normal teleconference services

A Fuzzy Expert System for Facial Expression Recognition

Abstract: This paper presents a method for facial expression recognition using fuzzy expert system. The proposed expert system consists of two main steps: First, the pre-processing part, the feature extraction step provides sufficient information for the inference engine. For this reason, NMF is used to preserve the representation of the original image. Additionally, it guarantees that both of the resulting low-dimensional basis and its accompanying weights are non-negative. Second, it allows for creating rules with the SGERD algorithm and inferencing them. The second step applies a suitable set of fuzzy rules and aggregates them towards the final decision. We applied our approach to the Japanese Female Facial Expression dataset for recognizing the facial expression states. Experimental results demonstrate superiority of the proposed approach to the compared methods in terms of classification rate

Peripheral Interface Controller-Based Photovoltaic DC-DC Boost Converter

Abstract: Fossil-based energy resources used in generating electricity are exhausting and finding alternative energy sources is vital for future energy demand. Photovoltaic (PV) is one of the promising renewable energy sources. However, the inconsistent characteristic of solar irradiation tends to disturb the amount of PV energy extraction. This makes the PV a non-linear power source throughout the daytime. This paper presents the prototype development of a Peripheral Interface Controller (PIC)-based photovoltaic dc-dc boost converter. In order to produce a stable dc output voltage, a closed-loop system is implemented into the converter circuit. The converter circuit was designed and simulated in PROTEUS ISIS Professional Tool and PSpiceOrCAD software environment. The control algorithm of the converter system was developed in the PIC C-Compiler software. The converter utilizes an 18V of 100W capacity PV module to generate a higher voltage for various direct current (dc) applications. With the developed and embedded control algorithm, the PIC microcontroller model PIC16F877A generates an appropriate pulse-width modulation signal to control the switching device MOSFET IRF540. Simulation results show that the controller managed to boost-up the voltage to 58.661V with minimum ripple voltage of 0.488V. The experimental results show that the converter managed to regulate the output voltage at 57.8V which is 1.47% lower than that of simulation. The result signifies the efficacy of the converter system control algorithm.

Single and Multi-sources Energy Sizing for Electric Vehicle: A Case Study

Abstract: The automotive industry has introduced various renewable-energy based technologies such as battery electric vehicles (BEV) and fuel-cell electric vehicles (FCEV). However the main concern is addressing issues to determine which vehicle with different energy sources are more efficiency and cost saving than the others. In order to overcome this issue detailed analysis need to be performed on the important criterions in vehicle sizing like energy cost, dissipated energy and effective energy source (EES). This paper deals with the modeling, evaluation and analysis of single and multi-source electric vehicle (EV) on three classes of EV, namely the light electric vehicle (LEV), medium electric vehicle (MEV) and electric vehicle (EV). A comparison on dissipated energy with different EES, charging cost and weight were made based on a linear mathematical calculation. The results have shown that multi-sources energy powered-vehicle deliver among the best dissipated energy and EES percentage. Findings of this energy sizing under various combination of EV would be helpful for further research on the EV energy applications.

Molecular Modeling Characteristics Based on Bio-Inspired Ant Colony Optimization in Long-Range Nanonetworks

Abstract: This paper presents a bio-inspired molecular communication algorithm using ant colony optimization (ACO) to enable a target node to find the optimal path to a source node. The target node will attempt to find the next optimal node to the source using the molecules emitted and diffused by the source, which is analogous with the pheromones of an ant colony. The positions and velocities of the molecules determine the state in molecular dynamics. As the performance measures, the arrival time and number of contacts with molecules from the target to the source are evaluated two-dimensionally (2D) and three dimensionally (3D) with different time steps. On the basis of the simulation results in this study, the size of the time step is concluded to be a dominant factor in molecular communication.

Simulation Study on Self-frequency Tracking Control Strategy for Inductive Power Transfer System

Abstract: This paper presents a closed loop Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) system. In this work, the Phased Lock Loop control system is used to control the frequency of Class E resonant converter circuit. Furthermore, self-frequency tracking control strategy with simple detection circuit is proposed as a feedback circuit to IPT system. Through this method, the frequency drifting that is due to variation in reactive components or mutual inductive coupling can be avoided successfully. The IPT system with and without frequency tracking is analyzed at different coupling coefficient. Simulation results confirm that the Class E resonant power converter circuit with frequency tracking gives a better output result with 92% efficiency at 0.8 of coupling coefficient

Autonomous Attitude Control of a Quadcopter Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

Abstract: This paper discusses on the development of autonomous attitude control of a quadcopter unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The Quadcopter system is modeled using state-space equations and simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The paper describes the controller design method for automatic attitude control of UAV to enable the system to operate based on the task of the navigation unit. To be specific, the PID controller is designed to control and stabilize quadcopter attitude. Then Quadcopter acceleration control system will be designed. This system is designed by combining the attitude control on Quadcopter rigid body with acceleration control Quadcopter movement. Through the obtained results, the proposed PID controller managed to control the acceleration of quadcopter well.

Defect-Oriented Test and Design-for-Testability Technique for Resistive Random Access Memory

Abstract: Resistive Random Access Memory (ReRAM) is one of the main emerging memories that has great potential to replace existing semiconductor memories. However, it cannot be denied that ReRAM prone to have defects that lead to test escape and reliability problems. Bridge defects that occurred in the memory array might cause Undefined State Faults (USFs) during read operation. USFs cause the faulty ReRAM cell difficult to be set to the desired logical value. Hence, this paper proposed a design-for-test (DfT) technique, namely Adaptive Sensing Read Voltage (ASRV) to detect the USFs that arise during three types of bridge defects injection. For this study, a faulty ReRAM was used to be tested during simulation using Silvaco EDA simulation tools and implementation of defect-oriented test. A DfT circuitry is added in the existing sense amplifier so that this memory device can operate during the normal mode and testing mode. Based on the simulation result, the proposed DfT technique will be able to detect the USFs.

Development of An Instrument for Road Edge Measurement

Abstract: Road edge detection was studied by researchers for applications in automated guided vehicles (AGV) and mainly done through the optical images using machine vision laser sensor, LIDAR sensor, laser radar and frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar. The navigation is focused on the monitoring and controlling the movement of autonomous vehicle to follow line on the road. This paper presents an instrument to detect road-edge for the paint mobile robot that will be use to paint the road line on the new roads. The rotating of ultrasonic sensor will be used as a sensor to measure the range of the road edge. The time of flight of ultrasonic sensor is determined, as well as the distance between the sensor and the road surface. The road surface profile was plotted and displayed on the computer. As a result, the developed instrument has the ability to measure the road edge after completing several experiments. The sensor has 83.59% accuracy of measuring road with 1 lane and 86.05% accuracy of measuring road with road curb. Therefore, the instrument can be used to accurately measure the road width for road line painting industry. The repeatability measurements show the sensor value for road width measurement with 0.99% precision value. Lastly, it shows that the designed low cost instrument can be used to measure the road-edge by the mobile painting robots

Current Development of Antenna Designs with Harmonic Suppression for Wireless Power Transfer

Abstract: This paper presents the results of ongoing research in the area of the wireless power transfer application focusing on the receiving antenna. The invention of antenna harmonic suppression has been investigated to get high conversion efficiency at the output of rectenna by suppressing re-radiation of harmonics generated in diode of rectifying circuit. Various techniques that incorporate with harmonic rejection with circularly polarization were reviewed to propose an optimum topology that suits in energy scavenging and most importantly, the new proposed structure must have high gain for overall system performance. The printed microstrip antenna is designed and analyzed using the CST Software. This antenna with harmonic suppression would be useful in microwave systems and can be integrated with rectenna system or wearable energy application where the systems give size reduction.

Split Ring Resonator Structure on Microstrip Patch Antenna and Other Microwave Application Design: A Review

Abstract: Beyond 2000, the number of investigation and fabrication on metamaterial especially of split ring resonator structure has developed exponentially. Two main enhancement by split ring resonator structure in microstrip patch antenna is the miniaturized of patch size and multiband effect for many application by a single patch antenna. In this review paper, the several examples on the previous researcher on microstrip patch antenna with different structure of split ring resonator had been done. Before that, a sample of split ring resonator on others microwave range applications such microwave filter, frequency selective surface, pyramidal microwave absorber, amplifier and oscillator are discussed.

Wideband Inductorless Low-Noise Amplifier Using Three Feedback Paths

Abstract: This paper presents the design of a wideband inductorless low noise amplifier (LNA) in 0.18 m CMOS technology for multiband wireless communication standards. The LNA is a fully differential common-gate structure. It uses three feedback paths, for choosing arbitrary value of LNA transconductance which leads to a LNA with higher gain and lower noise figure (NF) over the previously reported amplifiers. Post-layout simulation results show a gain of 20.4 dB with a 3-dB bandwidth of 2.84GHZ, with a 2.62dB NF while dissipating 2.97mW. The IIP3 is -1.67dBm

Design modeling and characterizations of SOI-based parallel cascaded MRR array (PCMRRA) by coupled mode theory

Abstract: We present a comprehensive analytical modeling of a Silicon-on- Insulator (SOI) -based Parallel Cascaded microring resonator Array (PCMRRA) by coupled mode theory (CMT) using the transfer matrix model. The transmission characteristics are analysed and the optimized design parameters are discussed. Analytical results show that higher order microring has a flatter passband and steeper roll-off. With a ring diameter of 12μm and a coupling gap of 100nm, the calculated FSR value is 14nm with the insertion loss of 0.43dB. For verification, we compare these results with the results obtained from the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) commercially available software

A Fuzzy Logic Based Approach in Choosing the Appropriate Physical Machines for Live Virtual Machines Migration in Cloud Computing

Abstract: Migration of Virtual Machine (VM) has become a critical issue in modern data centers that are working based on virtualization. Among VM Migration challenges, choosing an appropriate Physical Machine (PM) is an important issue. To choose a place for VM several parameters, such as physical topology, migration duration, power consumption, service continuity, and price must be considered. Finding a near optimal place for VM migration that trades-off between some or all of these features is a challenging problem. In this paper, we propose three aspects for ranking potential destination PMs to find the most appropriate PM as VM host. In the first aspect, PMs are ranked in terms of servicing condition using Fuzzy logic technique according to three parameters: workload, performance efficiency and availability. In the second aspect, PMs are ranked in terms of power consuming condition using Fuzzy logic technique according to power, temperature efficiency and power efficiency metrics. In the third aspect, the output of two fuzzy logic engines with communication cost metric is used as the third fuzzy logic engine inputs that rank PMs. The proposed technique has been compared with AppAware algorithm in terms of communication cost and performance efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed technique has appropriate improvement in these metrics and outperforms AppAware algorithm