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Showing papers in "Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association in 1977"












Journal ArticleDOI
Myron Winick1
TL;DR: MyPlate is used to advise the older adult about the implementation of the 2010 dietary guidelines for americans and the importance of early screening and intervention for nutritional risk in older adults is described.
Abstract: Nutrition and aging can be considered from two aspects. Are there any nutritional antecedents that either accelerate or retard the aging process? Are there special nutritional requirements unique to older individuals? This chapter focuses on recent work in these two areas and particularly concerns itself with studies that are centered around calories, protein, and amino acids.



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The ability to sustain prolonged vigorous exercise is directly related to initial levels of muscle glycogen, the body stores a limited amount of carbohydrate in the muscles and liver.
Abstract: Athletes benefit the most from the amount of carbohydrates stored in the body. In the early stages of moderate exercise, carbohydrates provide 40 to 50 percent of the energy requirement. Carbohydrates yield more energy per unit of oxygen consumed than fats. Because oxygen often is the limiting factor in long duration events, it is beneficial for the athlete to use the energy source requiring the least amount of oxygen per kilocalorie produced. As work intensity increases, carbohydrate utilization increases. Complex carbohydrates come from foods such as spaghetti, potatoes, lasagna, cereals and other grain products. Simple carbohydrates are found in fruits, milk, honey and sugar. During digestion, the body breaks down carbohydrates to glucose and stores it in the muscles as glycogen. During exercise, the glycogen is converted back to glucose and is used for energy. The ability to sustain prolonged vigorous exercise is directly related to initial levels of muscle glycogen. The body stores a limited amount of carbohydrate in the muscles and liver. If the event lasts for less than 90 minutes, the glycogen stored in the muscle is enough to supply the needed energy. Extra carbohydrates will not help, any more than adding gas to a half-full tank will make the car go faster. Quick Facts













Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Points that the pharmacist should be aware of when serving the ostomate are discussed, including terminology, pharmacological response to drugs, pharmacology response to foods and skin care.
Abstract: This article discusses points that the pharmacist should be aware of when serving the ostomate. These points are covered in four sections: terminology, pharmacological response to drugs, pharmacological response to foods and skin care. The section on pharmacological response to drugs reviews the current literature with regard to effectiveness and adverse reactions to therapy. Pharmacological response to foods reviews the general subject of nutrition along with a syllabus of foods that may affect the quantity of elimination, flatulence and odor. The discussion on skin care includes the therapeutic classifications of supplies including appliances, ancillary medicaments and curative agents along with a brief explanation of possible uses.