Showing papers in "Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington in 1993"

Helminths from some Minnesota and Wisconsin raptors

Abstract: Seventy-seven hawks of 10 species (Accipiter cooperii, Accipiter striatus, Accipiter gentilis, Circus cyaneus, Buteo lagopus, Buteo jarnaicensis, Buteo platypterus, Pandion haliaetus, Falco peregrinus, Falco sparverius) and 49 owls of 8 species (Bubo virginianus, Strix nebulosa, Strix varia, Aegolius acadicus, Otus asio, Asio flammeus, Asio otus, Cryptoglaux funereus) from Minnesota and Wisconsin were examined for helminths. Echinoparyphium sp., Echinostoma trivolvis, Neodiplostomurn sp., Ribeiroia thomasi, Strigea falconis (Trematoda), Capillaria sp., Cyrnae sp., and Porrocaecurn sp. (Nematoda) were common to both hawks and owls. Paruterina sp. (Cestoda) was found only in the great-horned owl. Lyperosomum sp., Parastrigea sp. (Trematoda), Centrorhynchus spinosus (Acanthocephala), Contracaecum pandioni, Microtetrameres sp., Physaloptera sp., Serratospiculoides amaculata, and Tetrameres sp. (Nematoda) were recovered from hawks. New host records include Lyperosomum sp. from the gall bladder of a kestrel and Ribeiroia thomasi from the proventriculi of great-horned owls and red-tailed and broad-winged hawks. The only instance of pathology was a tissue reaction to S. amaculata in the air sacs of a Cooper's hawk.

Synlophe of Cooperia neitzi (Trichostrongylidae: Cooperiinae) with comments on vulval inflations and hypertrophy of cuticular ridges among the trichostrongylids

Abstract: The synlophe of Cooperia neitzi is characterized by a closed pattern in the cervical region (most similar to C. punctata and C. pectinatd), a minuscule lateralmost ridge, 20 ridges at the level of the excretory pore and cervical papillae in males and females, and sequential addition of ridges laterally starting near the midbody (20 and 24 ridges at the midbody of males and females, respectively, with a maximum of approximately 32 adjacent to the copulatory bursa and vulva). The characteristic bilateral vulval fan in females has a consistent structure, being supported by a pair of hypertrophied ridges in each subdorsal field adjacent to the lateralmost ridge. Three species typical of bovids in sub-Saharan Africa (C. neitzi, C. verrucosa, and C. okapi) share the characters of minuscule lateralmost ridges, a closed cervical synlophe, and cuticular inflations at the level of vulva. Comparisons to other species of Cooperiinae (Parostertagia heterospiculum, Cooperia verrucosa, and Cooperia okapi) indicate homology in the bilateral and symmetrical structure of the vulval fans recognized in species of the subfamily. In contrast, it appears that the irregular and asymmetrical cuticular inflations reported or observed at the level of the vulva among certain Ostertagiinae (Longistrongylus spp., Mazamastrongylus spp., and Camelostrongylus mentulatus) have a fundamentally different configuration. It is suggested that vulval inflations in the Cooperiinae and Ostertagiinae had independent origins and thus are convergent.

Nematodes collected from rodents on Uotsuri Island, Okinawa, Japan.

Abstract: Nematodes parasitic in rodents on Uotsuri Island, Okinawa, Japan, were studied with special reference to the zoogeography of the hosts and parasites. Strongyloides ratti, Capillaria bacillata, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Syphacia muris, Heterakis spumosa, Cyathospirura seurati, Pterygodermatites tani, Pterygodermatites whartoni, and Physaloptera sp. were collected from Rattus rattus. Heligmonoides sp. and Physaloptera sp. were detected from Apodemus agrarius. Cyathospirura seurati was recorded for the first time from the Far East and is redescribed. Cyathospirura dasyuridis is synonymized with C. seurati. An hypothesis is presented that males of P. tani exhibit 2 morphological types, one of which has been regarded as P. whartoni. Heligmonoides sp. and Physaloptera sp. are presumed to have been introduced to Uotsuri Island with A. agrarius.

Larval Parasitic Nematodes Infecting Marine Crustaceans in Eastern Canada. 2. Passamaquoddy Bay, New Brunswick

Abstract: Four species of crustaceans were collected from Passamaquoddy Bay and vicinity and examined for parasitic nematodes using a pepsin digest in a modified Baermann apparatus. Sealworm (Pseudoterranova decipiens) and Ascarophis sp. were identified in a sample of 170 mysids (Mysis stenolepis) from Brandy Cove, New Brunswick. Eight Paracuaria adunca were found in 340 M. stenolepis from St. Croix Island, and IIP . adunca also were found in 1,047 Marinogammarus obtusatus from Mohawk Island, new host records for this nematode. One specimen of Tetrameres sp. was also found in M. obtusatus. Recent surveys show that infection levels of larval sealworm Pseudoterranova decipiens (Krabbe, 1878) (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea) are increasing in eastern Canada groundfish (Mc- Clelland et al., 1983a, b, 1987, 1990), and that infection levels in American plaice (Hippoglos- soides platessoides) from the Bay of Fundy are among the highest in eastern Canada (Mc- Clelland et al., 1987). Passamaquoddy Bay, near the mouth of the Bay of Fundy, is home to large numbers of harbor seals (Phoca vitulind), defin- itive hosts of sealworm (Scott and Fisher, 1958). As part of an ongoing study of the life cycle of P. decipiens, invertebrates from Passamaquoddy Bay, New Brunswick, were screened for nema- tode parasites, using a pepsin digest technique in a modified Baermann apparatus (Marcogliese, 1992). This bay was chosen as sampling site be- cause of the high levels of sealworm in fish re- siding there, and because of the accessibility of seal haul-out areas, where heavily infected in- termediate hosts might be found. The digestion technique permitted rapid screening of large numbers of invertebrates for parasitic nema- todes, thus providing insight into the life cycles of various nematode species.

Sarcocystis felis in captive cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus)

Abstract: Sarcocystis felis was detected in the musculature of 7 of 10 cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) from a captive breeding colony in Winston, Oregon. This is the first report of Sarcocystis felis from cheetahs .

Some Acanthocephala and Digenea of marine fish from Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands, British West Indies

Abstract: A survey of 17 fishes belonging to 11 species from Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands, West Indies, led to the recover y of 2 species of acanthoceph alans and 9 of digeneans . The acanthocephalan s found were Acanthogyrus (Acanthosentis) acanthuri and Dollfusentis ctenorhynchus. The digeneans included Monorchimacradena acanthuri in Acanthurus bahianus (new host record), Bucephalus varicus, Hurleytrematoides chaetodoni, Hurleytrematoides curacaensis, Multitestis chaetodoni, Lecithophyllum pyriforme, Stephanostomum sentum, Podocotyle oscitans, and Helicometra equilata in Holocentrus marianus (new host record).

Three new species of nematodes associated with endemic grape (Vitis) in California

Abstract: During a study of the diversity of soil nema­ tode communities associated with native grape (Vilis: Vitaceae) of California, several new spe­ cies were encountered. Nematodes of the family Criconematidae were common in most localities that were sampled, and a new species of Crico­ nemoides was found around the roots of Vilis cali/ornica Bentham in the central valley of Cal­ ifornia. A second new species ofCriconematidae (genus Hemicycliophora)was recovered from the rhizosoil of Vilis girdiana Munson in desert hab­ itat of southern California. In addition, a new species of Achromadora was found in rhizosoil of Vilis cali/arnica in the coast range west of the Sacramento Valley. Descriptions of these 3 new species are presented herein.

Studie s on Indian Marine Cercariae: Two New Echinostome Cercariae

Abstract: Two new echinostome cercariae parasitizing Cerithidea cingulata Gmelin in India are described. Cercaria bengalensis II sp. n. is characterized by 23 collar spines and primary excretory tubules with lateral branches between the ventral sucker and pharynx. Cercaria bengalensis III sp. n. has 35 collar spines arranged in an uninterrupted semicircle with a gap on the ventral side and primary excretory tubules without lateral branches.

A new zoogonid cercaria (Trematoda: Digenea) from the Florida horse conch, Pleuroploca gigantea in the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico

Abstract: A seventh known species of larval zoogonid is reported, which was found parasitizing the gonad and digestive gland of the large carnivorous gastropod mollusc Pleuroploca gigantea collected in the Gulf of Mexico southeast of Galveston, Texas. Descriptions of the sporocyst and cercarial stages are given. The larva is assigned the temporary designation of "zoogonid Cercaria A" until further information concerning its life cycle and specific identity becomes available. The morphology of the cercaria most nearly resembles that of the cercaria of Zoogonoides viviparus (Olsson, 1868) Odhner, 1902, from which it differs by its lack of a prepharynx and lack of anterolateral indentations in the stylet. Other differences are in body size, host species, and host geographic range.

Gastrointestinal helminths of five horned lizard species, Phrynosoma (Phrynosomatidae) from Arizona

Abstract: Five species of horned lizards of the genus Phrynosoma from Arizona were examined for gastrointestinal helminths. Phrynosoma cornutum (N = 7) and Phrynosoma solare (N = 8) harbored the cestode Diochetos phrynosomatis and the nematode s Atractis penneri and Skrjabinoptera phrynosoma. Phrynosoma douglassii (N = 19) and Phrynosoma platyrhinos (N = 5) contained both species of nematodes , whereas Phrynosoma modestum (N = 5) harbored only S. phrynosoma. Phrynosoma cornutum and P. douglassii are new hosts for A. penneri; P. modestum is a new host for S. phrynosoma. It appear s that gastrointestina l helminths of Arizona horned lizards are restricted to 3 species . Diochetos parvovaria is placed in synonymy with D. phrynosomatis.

Coccidian parasites of heteromyid and murid rodents from Baja California del Sur, Mexico

Abstract: Thirty-one heteromyi d and murid rodent s were collected from 3 sites in Baja California del Sur, Mexico, and their feces examined for coccidia. Of the 31 rodent s examined, 10 (32%) were found to be harboring 1 of 3 eimerians. Infected hosts included 2 of 7 Peromyscus eva eva (Muridae) with Eimeria arizonensis and 1 of 7 P. e. eva with Eimeria langebarteli; and 3 of 6 Chaetodipus baileyi extimus (Heteromyi dae), 2 of 8 Chaetodipus spinatus broccus, and 2 of 3 C. 5. peninsulae with Eimeria reedi. This note documents new host and distribution records for Eimeria species from murid and heteromyi d rodents in Baja California del Sur, Mexico.