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Showing papers in "Journal of the Physical Society of Japan in 1967"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the exact solutions to the equation of motion are aimed at using a transformation to obtain the Jacobian elliptic functions for a special type of interaction potential of the form \begin{aligned} \phi(r){=}\frac{a}{b}e^{-br}+ar+\text{const.
Abstract: Vibration of a chain of particles interacting by nonlinear force is investigated. Using a transformation exact solutions to the equation of motion are aimed at. For a special type of interaction potential of the form \begin{aligned} \phi(r){=}\frac{a}{b}e^{-br}+ar+\text{const.},\ (a,b{>}0) \end{aligned} exact solutions are actually obtained in terms of the Jacobian elliptic functions. It is shown that the system has N “normal modes”. Expansion due to vibration or “thermal expansion” of the chain is also discussed.

769 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of diffusion on energy transfer between molecules are considered by using two methods: scattering length method and the Pade approximant with the diffusion constant as the expansion parameter.
Abstract: Effects of diffusion on energy transfer between molecules are considered by using two methods. One is the scattering length method, and the other is the Pade approximant with the diffusion constant as the expansion parameter. From these methods we obtain the decay function of the emission by excited molecules in a closed form of time t . The decay constant is expressed as a function of diffusion constant and is compared with the experimental results obtained by Tomura and Ishiguro.

656 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the differential and integrated cross sections are calculated for the elastic scattering of a slow electron by the hydrogen molecule, and the short-range electrostatic interaction is expanded in terms of the spherical harmonics and only the first two terms are taken into account.
Abstract: The differential and integrated cross sections are calculated for the elastic scattering of a slow electron by the hydrogen molecule. The short-range electrostatic interaction is expanded in terms of the spherical harmonics and only the first two terms are taken into account. The long-range polarization and quadrupole interactions are also included. Most of the calculations contained in this paper are carried out, however, for the spherical potential alone. To a certain approximation, the non-spherical potential has been found to be negligible. The exchange effect is taken into consideration through an approximate attractive potential function, similar to Slater's potential in the theory of atomic structure. Results of calculations agree fairly well with experimental data.

465 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, analytic solutions to the equation of motion in anharmonic one-dimensional lattice are given with reference to the limiting cases of the system of hard spheres and to the continnm limit.
Abstract: Analytic solutions to the equation of motion in anharmonic one-dimensional lattice are given. Wave-trains and solitary-waves which propagate in the lattice are studied with reference to the limiting cases of the system of hard spheres and to the continnm limit.

371 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the statistical mechanical theory of stiff chains which can be represented by differentiable space curves is developed by the analogy of the path integral formulation in quantum mechanics, and the second and fourth moments of end-to-end distance of the chain are calculated.
Abstract: The statistical mechanical theory of stiff chains which can be represented by differentiable space curves is developed by the analogy of the path integral formulation in quantum mechanics. The second and fourth moments of end-to-end distance of the chain are calculated. The stretching and contraction of the chain are also taken into account. The Brownian motion of the stiff chain is discussed, and some statistical properties, especially the correlation function of random forces, are determined.

341 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the electron spin resonance of F 3+ in single crystals of SrTiO 3 has been studied in the low temperature phase below 110°K, and the resonance lines exhibited small splitting in addition to the usual tetragonal splitting.
Abstract: The electron spin resonance of F 3+ in single crystals of SrTiO 3 has been studied in the low temperature phase below 110°K. The resonance lines exhibited small splitting in addition to the usual tetragonal splitting. The orientation dependence of the splitting was measured at 77°K and at 4.2°K. The whole spectrum is explained to be due to the rotation of oxygen octahedron in the (100) plane, the angle of rotation being 1.4° at 77°K and 2.1° at 4.2°K. Corresponding splitting was also observed for the case of the `strong axial field' spectrum due to Fe 3+ accompanied by the nearest neighbor oxygen vacancy. The observed angles of rotation are about 30 percent smaller than those of the former case. The crystal structure deduced from the atomic positions of oxygen ions will be D 4 h 16 in the low temperature phase. Correlation with the resonance data of Gd 3+ in SrTiO 3 is discussed.

330 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a simple treatment in which the spin-orbit and the electron-hole exchange interactions are taken into account indicates that the intensity ratio of the halogen doublet is fairly sensitive to the exchange energy, while the doublet splitting is not very sensitive.
Abstract: Exciton states in alkali halides are analyzed on the basis of the energy band picture. First the excitons at the point \(\varGamma\) are discussed. A simple treatment in which the spin-orbit and the electron-hole exchange interactions are taken into account indicates that the intensity ratio of the halogen doublet is fairly sensitive to the exchange energy, while the doublet splitting is not very sensitive. It is shown that a pure triplet exciton state exists below the first allowed exciton state. Although such a state has not yet been detected, lifetime broadening of the first peak due to the existence of such a hidden state is conceived to make the magnitude of the width of the first peak comparable with that of the second peak. The pronounced structure observed in K and Rb halides in the spectral region just above the step is ascribed to d e exciton formed at the point X . Multiplicities of the observed absorption peaks are explained in terms of this model. Semiquantitative analysis of the triplet stru...

261 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a phenomenological expression of the pinning force density is proposed, and the equation of force balance including this expression is shown to describe well the motion of magnetic fluxoids in non-ideal type-II superconductors in cooperation with the equation describing the continuity of magnetic flow.
Abstract: A phenomenological expression of the pinning force density is proposed, and the equation of force balance including this expression is shown to describe well the motion of magnetic fluxoids in non-ideal type-II super-conductors in cooperation with the equation describing the continuity of magnetic flux flow. The parameters related to an individual pinning force and pin distribution are included in the present expression which contains those from the models of Bean-London, Silcox-Rollins and Yasukōchi as its special cases. The calculated magnetizations agree well with observed data by adjusting the parameters. The hysteresis losses in the course of magnetization are calculated and the field dependence of the a.c. losses are explained. The formulas of the a.c. dynamic losses are also shown. The field dependence of the critical current in the resistive state and the relaxation time of flux penetration are calculated and compared with observed data.

248 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a multiply twinned particle model with a nucleus of (001) orientation was proposed to explain diffraction spots and image contrasts observed from thin gold films, which satisfactorily was explained by using this model in some cases.
Abstract: Succeeding to previous studies (Ino, 1966; Ogawa et al. , 1966), the orientations and the structures of thin gold films formed in ultrahigh vacuum by evaporation on to NaCl and KCl have been studied at earlier stages of film formation by electron diffraction and electron microscopy, especially by the dark field technique. The present paper describes some results obtained after the previous reports. Some particles which show rhombic shape in the bright field image and various contrasts in the dark field images have newly been observed. In order to explain such contrasts, the “multiply twinned particle model with a nucleus of (001) orientation” is proposed. Abnormal diffraction spots and image contrasts observed from thin gold films have satisfactorily been explained by using this model in some cases and by using the multiply twinned particle models with a nucleus of (111) orientation in other cases.

227 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the impurity conduction in phosphorus doped n-type silicon has been investigated at temperatures between 1.1°K and 300°K, and the results showed that the resistivity increases monotonically with temperature T up to the Fermi degeneracy temperature T D of respective samples according to a simple formula, ρ( T )=ρ(4.2^°K)[1+ A (T / T D ) B ], where A and B are constants.
Abstract: The impurity conduction in phosphorus doped n -type silicon has been investigated at temperatures between 1.1°K and 300°K. The samples ranged in concentration of excess donors from 1.2.10 18 to 2.5.10 20 cm -3 . A metallic type impurity conduction and a negative magnetoresistance are observed in samples containing higher than 4.10 18 cm -3 excess donors. An intermediate type impurity conduction is observed in samples containing from 1.7.10 18 to 4.10 18 cm -3 excess donors. In metallic samples with donor concentration higher than 6.10 18 cm -3 , the resistivity increases monotonically with temperature T up to the Fermi degeneracy temperature T D of respective samples according to a simple formula, ρ( T )=ρ(4.2^°K)[1+ A ( T / T D ) B ], where A and B are constants.

210 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the Green's function method was used to evaluate the band structures of Cr in the paramagnetic-and the perfect antiferromagnetic state, and the induced magnetic moment, the electronic specific heat and the magnetic form factor were also evaluated.
Abstract: The band structures of Cr in the paramagnetic- and the perfect antiferromagnetic state are evaluated by the Green's function method. In the former the crystal potential is set up by the self-consistent procedure proposed by Wakoh, while the alternant orbital theory of Slater is applied to the latter. The spin-dependent part of the potential is determined by the Slater exchange with an adjustable parameter which is determined so as to give an observable value of the magnetic moment. The Fermi surfaces of both the states are calculated. The induced magnetic moment, the electronic specific heat and the magnetic form factor are also evaluated. The agreement between theory and experiment seems to be satisfactory. The stability of the perfect antiferromagnetic state against the paramagnetic state is discussed on the basis of the effective Hamiltonian. Finally, the stability of the spin-density-wave state in Cr is ascribed to the special band structure of Cr.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that for polycrystals, the differential cross-section of X-rays in solids is proportional to the frequency of the incident and scattered X-ray, where ν t (ν) is the scattering angle.
Abstract: Inelastic scattering of X-rays by localized electrons, such as K -electrons, in solids is treated theoretically. The wave length of X-rays is chosen to be longer than the orbital radius of localized electrons, but still short enough so that the photon energy is much higher than the ionization energy. On the basis of reasonable approximations, it is found for polycrystals that the differential cross section is proportional to \begin{aligned} { u_{0}}^{2}t( u_{0}- u)(1+\cos^{2}\theta)\sin^{2}(\theta/2). \end{aligned} Here ν 0 and ν are respectively the frequencies of the incident and scattered X-rays, θ being the scattering angle. ν t (ν) is a quantity proportional to the cross section of absorption of the X-rays with frequency ν by the same electrons. The above expression has recently been confirmed experimentally.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the spectrum of a hydrogenic exciton in a uniform, static magnetic field is discussed, based on a model previously introduced by Shinada and Sugano, i.e., the two-dimensional model, the energ...
Abstract: Optical spectrum of a hydrogenic exciton in a uniform, static magnetic field is discussed. Based on a model previously introduced by Shinada and Sugano, i. e. the “two-dimensional model,” the energ...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a change of atomic arrangement of SbSI between the paraelectric phase and the ferroelectric phase is investigated, and it is shown that the phase transition is of displacive type.
Abstract: A change of atomic arrangement of SbSI between the paraelectric phase and the ferroelectric phase is investigated. Analyses are made on Weissenberg photographs taken at 35°C (paraelectric phase) and at 5°C (ferroelectric phase). In the paraelectric phase (space group D 2 h 16 - Pnam , lattice constants, a =8.52A b =10.13A c =4.10A), the atomic positions are: Sb( x =0.118 9 , y =0.124 3 , z =1/4), S( x =0.84 0 , y =0.05 0 , z =1/4), I( x =0.508 0 , y =0.827 6 , z =1/4); the thermal vibration of Sb ions along the c axis is relatively large with the mean square amplitude \bar U z 2 =(0.16) 2 A 2 . In the ferroelectric phase ( C 2 v 9 - Pna 2 1 ), the x and y parameters are substantially the same as those determined in the paraelectric phase. Major changes take place in the z parameters: Sb( z =1/4+0.04 8 ) and S( z =1/4+0.01) shift along the ferroelectric c axis with respect to iodine by 0.20A and 0.05A respectively. Evidences are shown that the phase transition is of displacive type.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that a positive hole in PO 4 tetrahedron is transfered to Ag + ion and this process is the main reason of RPL build-up.
Abstract: ESR studies of radiophotoluminescence (RPL) centers in silver-activated phosphate glass were performed after the glasses had been γ-irradiated at 77°K. It is shown that the silver ions act as traps for both electrons and positive holes. By the separate formation of electron-trapped silver centers and hole-trapped silver center, it was verified that all these silver centers act as RPL centers. It was found that a positive hole in PO 4 tetrahedron is transfered to Ag + ion and this process is the main reason of RPL build-up. Stabilization phenomenon of RPL centers was found. It was found that alkali and or silver ion migration is necessary for stabilization. The reason why RPL in these glasses has high stability and builds-up after γ-irradiation was clarified. The resonances which are considered due to exchange coupled pairs, triads and higher aggregates of electron-trapped silver centers were found.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the propagation of hydromagnetic waves of small amplitude in a collisionless plasma is considered on the basis of the Vlasov equation, and it is found that there exist the Alfven wave, the fast and the slow magnetoacoustic waves as well as the non-oscillating mode with vanishing real part of the frequency.
Abstract: The propagation of hydromagnetic waves of small amplitude in a collisionless plasma is considered on the basis of the Vlasov equation. It is found that there exist the Alfven wave, the fast and the slow magnetoacoustic waves as well as the non-oscillating mode with vanishing real part of the frequency. Under some conditions, the non-oscillating wave causes the mirror instability in the direction nearly perpendicular to a magnetic field. Numerical discussions are carried out in the phase velocity plane as well as in the Friedrichs diagram for each type of waves, and are compared with the corresponding results in the Chew, Coldberger and Low approximation.

Journal ArticleDOI
Hideo Okazaki1
TL;DR: In this paper, the mobility and diffusion coefficient of silver ions in Ag 2 S, Ag 2 Se and alloys were measured by the aid of tracer technique using Ag 110m and the ratio µ/D was found to deviate from the Einstein relation remarkably.
Abstract: The mobility µ and the diffusion coefficient D of silver ions in Ag 2 S, Ag 2 Se and alloys Ag 2 S 1- x Se x have been measured by the aid of tracer technique using Ag 110m . The ratio µ/ D is found to deviate from the Einstein relation remarkably. Although such deviation is usually attributed to the existence of correlation between successive jumps of a diffusing ion, the present substances are so much disordered that the correlation effect theory cannot be applied. Recently Yokota has proposed a new model appropriate to our substances. The experimental results are compared with his theory with a minor modification. It is proved that the theory is applicable to our substances.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Kimoto et al. as mentioned in this paper showed that fine particles of chromium have the ordinary b.c.c structure when the argon contains a small amount of air or oxygen but they have a new structure when argon is pure, which is a disordered atomic arrangement derivable from the β-tungsten structure.
Abstract: Fine particles of chromium were produced by evaporation and condensation of chromium in argon at low pressures (Kimoto et al. : Japan. J. appl. Phys. 2 (1963) 702). Electron diffraction studies have shown that the particles have the ordinary b.c.c structure of chromium when the argon contains a small amount of air or oxygen but they have a new structure when the argon is pure. The new structure has a cubic primitive lattice with lattice constant a 0 =4.588±0.001 A. The unit cell contains eight chromium atoms; the probable space group is Pm3; one atom occupies position (a) 000, one atom occupies position (b) \(\frac{1}{2}\frac{1}{2}\frac{1}{2}\) and the remaining six atoms distribute themselves so that on the average one-quarter of an atom occupies each of the 24-fold position (1) x y z ; where \(x{=}\frac{1}{4}-u\), y = v , \(z{=}\frac{1}{2}+w\) with parameters u =0.2/100, v =4/100 and w =1/100. This is a disordered atomic arrangement derivable from the β-tungsten structure. The shortest Cr-Cr distance is...

Journal ArticleDOI
Tôru Moriya1
TL;DR: In this article, a theory of the Raman scattering of light due to spin systems in magnetic crystals is developed by using the spin dependent electric polarizability, where the polarization characteristics of the scattering, the scattering intensity and its temperature dependence are treated with particular referenc to antiferromagnetic iron group fluorides, where one-and two-magnon scatterings have been observed.
Abstract: A theory of the Raman scattering of light due to spin systems in magnetic crystals is developed by using the spin dependent electric polarizability. The polarization characteristics of the scattering, the scattering intensity and its temperature dependence are treated with particular referenc to antiferromagnetic iron group fluorides, where one- and two-magnon scatterings have been observed. Agreement between the theory and the experimental results is satisfactory.


Journal ArticleDOI
Shigenobu Sobajima1
TL;DR: In this article, the X-ray pattern of a polymer film, prepared from the liquid crystalline state in magnetic fields, shows the pattern of oriented crystals, and the direction of the orientation agrees with the molecular axis of the film and also with the rotation axis of a methylene group of the solvent molecule.
Abstract: A concentrated methylene chloride solution of poly-γ-benzyl-L-glutamate is of liquid crystalline state. The solvent signal of this solution is a doublet due to magnetic dipole-dipole interactions. Separation of the doublet varies with residence time of the sample in magnetic fields, and this is attributable to the time dependence of the orientation of molecules in magnetic fields. The variation of the separation with temperature and with polymer concentration was studied. The difference between the observed separation and the value obtained from the equation for the dipole-dipole interactions is explained by considering the hindered molecular motion of the solvent molecules. The X-ray pattern of a polymer film, prepared from the liquid crystalline state in magnetic fields, shows the pattern of oriented crystals. The direction of the orientation agrees with the molecular axis of the film and also with the rotation axis of the methylene group of the solvent molecule.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The magnetization of ZrZn 2 has been measured as a function of magnetic field up to 48 kOe and of temperature from 2.0°K to 380°K as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The magnetization of ZrZn 2 has been measured as a function of magnetic field up to 48 kOe and of temperature from 2.0°K to 380°K. The intrinsic magnetization extrapolated to 0°K increases strongly with external field. The magnetization at low field is found to vary as T 2 at low temperatures. The Curie temperature for a typical sample is 17.8°K, whereas the hysteresis loop is observed up to 30°K. A comment on the Curie temperature quoted in literatures has been made. The difference in magnetic properties among different samples has been noticed. The itinerant electron model of ferromagnetism can account for qualitatively the observed magnetic properties, whereas the localized-spin model proves inappropriate for this material.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the magnetic properties of Fe 65 (Ni 1- x Mn x ) 35 ternary alloys which have the f.c. structure over the whole range of x were investigated.
Abstract: Magnetic properties of Fe 65 (Ni 1- x Mn x ) 35 ternary alloys which have the f.c.c. structure over the whole range of x were investigated. It was found that the alloys are antiferromagnetic in the composition range of 1≥ x >0.3 and are ferromagnetic in the composition range of 0≤ x <0.3. In the ferromagnetic region, the Curie temperature and the spontaneous magnetization decrease rapidly with increasing x or with the decrease of mean electron concentration. Many physical properties of the alloys are discussed on the basis of three postulates, i.e. , 1) electrons at Mn sites have itinerant character, 2) electrons at Ni sites have localized character and 3) at Fe sites, electrons have itinerant character in the antiferromagnetic range and localized character in the ferromagnetic range. The relation between the atomic distance and the magnetic moment is discussed. The origin of the Invar effect is qualitatively explained on these bases.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the homogeneous broadening is determined by a relaxation time τ c which is analogous to the transport relaxation time for d c conductivity and is generally equal neither to the life time of Landau levels nor to any kind of its mean value.
Abstract: Absorption of microwave near the cyclotron resonance by free carriers in a strong magnetic field is treated quantum-mechanically on the assumption of elastic scattering by impurities and phonons. It is pointed out that the homogeneous broadening is determined by a relaxation time τ c which is analogous to the transport relaxation time for d c conductivity and is generally equal neither to the life time of Landau levels nor to any kind of its mean value. The behavior of τ c in the quantum limit is discussed for various mechanisms of scattering. For scattering by piezoelectric phonons at finite temperatures τ c becomes finite although the life time of a Landau level vanishes in the second order perturbation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the intrinsic switching path for the electric field enforced transition from antiferroelectric to ferroelectric states has been computed for the simple Kittel linear antifier.
Abstract: The intrinsic switching path for the electric field enforced transition from antiferroelectric to ferroelectric states has been computed for the simple Kittel linear antiferroelectric. The generalized switching curves give values of the polarization, free energy, and dielectric susceptibility as a function of applied field for a number of different antiferroelectric stabilities. The switching curves are qualitatively similar to those in real perovskite antiferroelectrics, and the possible extension of the treatment to real materials is discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
Tadasu Suzuki1
TL;DR: In this paper, the X-ray Raman scattering of Cu K α radiation by solids of light elements has been studied and it has been shown that the Raman spectrum appears as a band, not as a line, and the shape of the spectrum is quite similar to the spectrum of the Kabsorption of the same material.
Abstract: X-ray Raman scattering of Cu K α radiation by solids of light elements has been studied. The scatterers were polycrystalline lithium, beryllium, boron and carbon. At the low-angle scattering it was clearly found that (1) the Raman scattering appears as a band, not as a line; (2) the shape of the band is quite similar to the spectrum of the K -absorption of the same material; and (3) the wavelength of the critical edge of the band shifts from the incident X-ray wavelength corresponding to the lowest excitation energy of the K -electron of the scatterers. The Raman band almost always overlapped the well-known Compton band, except for low-angle scattering. The shape of the whole spectrum consisting of the Compton- and Raman-band depends upon the scattering angle and the elements. After being analyzed, the intensity of the Raman scattering was confirmed to depend upon the scattering angle, θ, as (1+cos 2 θ) sin 2 θ/2 as predicted by theory.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that KCuF 3 is a one-dimensional antiferromagnet, with the exchange interaction along the chain being J / k =-190°K.
Abstract: KCuF 3 shows a broad peak of the magnetic susceptibility at ∼243°K and has been supposed to be an antiferromagnet. Scatturin et al. , on the other hand, have reported that the neutron diffraction shows no magnetic ordering in KCuF 3 even at temperatures as low as 4.2°K. In the discussion, they implies the existence of linear magnetic chains along the c -axis. In order to make sure of their conjecture, the measurements of susceptibility, its anisotropy and specific heat have been made. These measurements assure us that KCuF 3 is a one-dimensional antiferromagnet, with the exchange interaction along the chain being J / k =-190°K.

Journal ArticleDOI
Shuichi Iida1
TL;DR: Magnetostriction constants, λ 111 and λ 100, were measured for rare earth iron garnet single crystals M 3 Fe 5 O 12 (M=Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Y) at 78°K, 196°K and room temperature.
Abstract: Magnetostriction constants, λ 111 and λ 100 , were measured for rare earth iron garnet single crystals M 3 Fe 5 O 12 (M=Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Y) at 78°K, 196°K and room temperature. They are classified into two groups: A (Y, Gd, Eu), B (Sm, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb). Group A has smaller magnetostriction constants than other groups and has a tendency to almost saturate at 78°K. Absolute values of the magnetostriction constants for group B increase steeply when temperature is lowered. An exceptionally large λ 111 (+560×10 -6 at 78°K) and considerably small λ 100 is observed for TbIG. For group B and for EuIG the absolute magnitudes of the striction constants are in parallel with the contribution of the rare earth ions to the total magnetization, and the classical model of the presence of induced strain from the deformed electron orbits of 4f electrons seems plousible. For GdIG a new explanation is given which neglects entirely the contribution from the S state 4f orbits.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A neutron diffraction study on the powdered sample of FeSn has been made in order to determine the magnetic structure of this compound as mentioned in this paper, and the atomic magnetic moment of Fe was obtained to be 15 5 ±01 µ B at liquid nitrogen temperature.
Abstract: A neutron diffraction study on the powdered sample of FeSn has been made in order to determine the magnetic structure of this compound The magnetic unit cell is twice as large as the chemical cell, being doubled along the c -axis The moments of iron atoms are ferromagnetically coupled within a c -plane, while they are coupled antiferromagnetically to those on the adjacent c -planes The moments lie in the c -plane The atomic magnetic moment of Fe is obtained to be 15 5 ±01 µ B at liquid nitrogen temperature

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The magnetic properties of single crystals of Cr alloys containing a small amount of Fe have been studied mainly by neutron diffraction as mentioned in this paper, and the results are discussed on the basis of the two band model.
Abstract: The magnetic properties of single crystals of Cr alloys containing a small amount of Fe have been studied mainly by neutron diffraction. The alloys with less than 1.5 at.% Fe have been found to have the same magnetic structure as that of pure Cr. With increasing Fe concentration, which corresponds to an increase of the electron to atom ratio, the Neel temperature decreases, the wave vector of the sinusoidally modulated spin density wave increases, while the magnetic moment remains almost constant. The spin-flip temperature also decreases rapidly. The alloys with concentrations between 2 and 4 at% Fe have a simple antiferromagnetic structure at low temperatures, and the first order transition from the antiferromagnetic state to a sinusoidal spin state has been observed with increasing temperature. When the concentration of Fe exceeds 4 at%, the alloy is a simple antiferromagnet up to the Neel temperature. These results are discussed on the basis of the two band model.