Showing papers in "Journal of Theoretical Biology in 1992"

TL;DR: A generalization of Felsenstein's method that permits the analysis of incompletely resolved phylogenies and makes explicit the assumptions about unknown branching patterns and branch lengths that all comparative methods that are applied to incompletely resolving phylogenies must make.

TL;DR: The authors' investigations show that it is very important how a fish mixes the influences of its neighbours, and the model fish group shows the typical characteristics of a real fish school: strong cohesion and high degree of polarization.

TL;DR: A theory is proposed here according to which pleasure is this common currency and the perception of pleasure, as measured operationally and quantitatively by choice behavior or by the rating of the intensity of pleasure or displeasure, can serve as such a common currency.

TL;DR: The selection of the path is shown to be a collective process whereby trail laying and following amplifies small initial differences in the traffic on each path caused by these three mechanisms, and the foragers show no significant tendency to follow the path they used previously.

TL;DR: This paper examines conflict over male production, queen-rearing, and sex allocation for monogynous hymenopteran societies and suggests a pluralistic rather than a typological perspective on conflict in insect societies is suggested.

TL;DR: Analysis of metabolic networks using linear optimization theory allows one to quantify and understand the limitations imposed on the cell by its metabolic stoichiometry, and to understand how the flux through each pathway influences the overall behavior of metabolism.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors determined the theoretical efficiency of an area-concentrated behavior using computer simulations and showed that the optimal values of the movement control parameters were similar whatever the habitat type and a large range of values led to nearly maximal efficiency.

TL;DR: A model of the immune system that focuses on the clonotypic cell types and their interactions with other cells, and with antigens and antibodies is constructed, and a generalized cellular automaton implementation of the model is carried out.

TL;DR: The cellular response to aluminium is found to be biphasic having both stimulatory and inhibitory components and the disruption of second messenger systems is observed and GTPase cycles are potential target sites.

TL;DR: A model originally proposed by Murray and co-workers is adapted to show how cell traction forces can result in spatial patterns of cell aggregates since it offers a framework for understanding how traction exerted by wound fibroblasts drives wound contraction.

TL;DR: A simple model for the spatial spread of rabies among foxes is presented and it is indicated that although it might seem that the disease had disappeared after the wave had passed it would reappear in the south of England after just over 6 years and at periodic times after that.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effects of waste production and energy loads on the cell growth rate using linear optimization and showed that neither the maintenance demand for ATP nor the antibody production rate limit growth rate at normal experimental conditions.

TL;DR: An analysis of Maynard Smith's two-player, ESS model of biological signalling, the "Sir Philip Sidney game", is presented, and it is shown that the introduction of a novel resource acquisition tissue cannot be assumed to limit parent-offspring conflict simply because it carries an extra copy of the maternally inherited genes.

TL;DR: Simple models of epigenetic inheritance in asexual and sexual organisms show that in populations of asexual unicellular organisms, the distinctive properties of induced epigenetic variations mean that the variations may be retained for many generations after the inducing stimulus is removed, even in the absence of selection.

TL;DR: Data and arguments are given in favour of the hypothesis that the primitive tRNA molecule may have originated from a direct duplication event involving one of the two halves of the tRNAs.

TL;DR: Minimal attributed reputation evolves when the duration of pair-wise interaction is relatively uncertain, and is modeled by the strategy Observer Tit For Tat (OTFT), which behaves like Tit for Tat but begins by defecting on a new partner if that partner was seen defects on another.

TL;DR: A large-scale model of the immune network is analyzed, using the shape-space formalism, and how the repertoire organizes itself into large clusters of clones having similar behavior is described.

TL;DR: In this paper, a single species difference equation model of severe overcompensation linked with a small amount of external recruitment produces alternating regions of chaos and simple cyclical behaviour, which suggests that the qualitative behaviour of populations undergoing scramble competition is likely to be extremely sensitive to the level of external immigration or to the existence of refuges.

TL;DR: The phylogenetic regression provides the hypothesis testing facilities of general linear models for comparative data with incompletely known phylogenies by applying Ridley's radiation principle to the error in the regression model.

TL;DR: If the latent capacity for regeneration persists in non-regenerative appendages, as would seem to be the case, then the restoration of its overt expression should be possible if the mechanisms of its inhibition could be discovered and eventually rendered ineffectual.

TL;DR: A Hodgkin-Huxley type neuron model which essentially has two fast channels and two slow channels is presented which replicates the experimental results very well and suggests that the slow outward current is Ca2+-insensitive.

TL;DR: A parallel distributed model of the processes regulating changes in numbers of workers engaged in various tasks is presented, based on a Hopfield net, but differs from conventional Hopfield models in that when a unit or ant changes state, it changes its interaction patterns.

TL;DR: A method is presented that identifies the fluxes that should be selected for experimental measurement, and the fluxe that can be computed using the mass-balance equations using stoichiometry alone, and a condition number indicating the upper bound on this sensitivity is calculated.

TL;DR: An axisymmetric deformation of a viscoelastic sphere bounded by a prestressed elastic thin shell in response to external pressure is studied by a finite element method and a large-strain deformation theory is developed based on the proposed model.

TL;DR: This work addresses three facets of the interactions between HIV and other pathogens: enhanced HIV replication due to immune stimulation by other pathogens; modified immune control of other pathogens due to immunosuppression by HIV; and the vicious circle formed by positive feedback between these two effects.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the height growth of open-grown trees as a compromise between reducing self-shading by decreasing foliage density, and reducing structural costs by controlling crown dimensions.

TL;DR: The spatiotemporal behaviour of a two-species competition coupled map lattice is explored and the coexistence of the two competitors is demonstrated although they have high interspecific competition coefficients.

TL;DR: In this article, a model of parametrization and quantitation of cellular population topographies is developed based on space partition constructed from the set of points locating the position of cells.

TL;DR: The methodical novelty is the application of the structured deme model to virus dynamics, which assumes that biochemical ("ecological") interactions occur among segments within a coinfection group, established through random infection of the cells, and there is complete mixing of the various types emerging from all the coinfections groups in the virus pool between two infections.