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Showing papers in "Journal of Theoretical Biology in 1996"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work proposes a "direct fitness" formulation of inclusive fitness which often has a more straightforward derivation and illustrates this technique first in a homogeneous population, with examples of group competition and partial dispersal behaviour, and then in a class-structured population,with examples of sex allocation and altruism between age classes.

519 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A simple and general mathematical model of contact-mediated lateral inhibition that postulates that receipt of inhibition diminished the ability to deliver inhibition and gives rise to a feedback loop that can amplify differences between adjacent cells is constructed.

515 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evidence is adduced for the hypothesis that mammalian (including human) sex ratios at birth are partially controlled by the hormone levels of both parents at the time of conception.

456 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This proximate model of temperature sensitivity and temperature tolerance clarifies how temperature dependence of body size would evolve.

344 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an individual-based approach is used to relate collective behavior to individual decisions, in which the motion of an individual in a herd is assumed to be the combined result of both densityindependent and density-dependent decisions, based on the influence of surrounding neighbors.

317 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the inclusion of seasonal forcing in deterministic models can lead to the maintenance of phase differences between patches, and chaotic solutions are observed for weaker seasonal forcing; these solutions have a more realistic minimum number of infectives.

316 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The evolution of spontaneous and induced heritable transitions played an important role in the evolution of ontogenies of both unicellular and multicellular organisms and introduces a "Lamarckian" factor into evolution.

247 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The notion of efficacy is extended to models that incorporate receptor activation and G-protein coupling and it is shown that efficacy is not purely a property of the ligand-receptor interaction; it also depends upon the distributional details of the receptor species in the native receptor ensemble.

230 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that architecture and the prestress of the cytoskeleton might be key features that underlie a cell's ability to regulate its shape.

213 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the formation of primordia is shown to result from successive iterations of two possible simple dynamical systems, and it is demonstrated that this system gives rise to the self organization of the spiral phyllotactic structures.

191 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Surprisingly, the same three subsets of trinucleotides are identified in these two gene populations: Tzero, T1 and T2 replaced in the three two-letter genetic alphabets purine/pyrimidine, amino/ceto and strong/weak interaction.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The cubic ternary complex (CTC) model as mentioned in this paper is a generalization of the extended TCC model that allows G-proteins to bind to inactive receptors.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple spatial model is proposed to explain observed species-area curves, which predicts that the wide range of slopes of species area curves is due to the differences in the rates at which new species enter the system.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A general model of displays that are physically demanding to maintain is constructed, and the appropriate behaviour that optimizes an individual's expected pay-off is determined.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A model of a continuous fertilization process in which eggs and sperm are shed simultaneously, and in which the eggs are fertilized at a rate proportional to sperm density surrounding the egg mass is developed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A single change in one of the reaction rates of the model oscillator not only caused a change in the period length but also abolished temperature compensation, which closely corresponds to the effects observed after a single point mutation of the clock gene in Neurospora crassa.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed an analytical model of the war of attrition for an arbitrary distribution of initial RHP and found that the winner is always the animal with higher resource holding potential (RHP).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A theoretical model for stress-modulated growth in the aorta that exhibits patterns of growth that agree qualitatively with known characteristics of aortic growth and should be useful in studies to determine the biomechanical factor that regulates growth.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: On a suitably long timescale, every gene incorporates favorable mutations that compensate for detrimental mutations previously fixed, which results in no change or permanent improvement in enzymatic function.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Simulations of spontaneous activity suggest that the dominant mechanism underlying pacemaker depolarisation is the inward background Na+ current, ib,Na, while a closer inspection of the current-voltage characteristics of the model revealed that the "instantaneous" time-independent current was inward for holding potentials in the pacemaker range, which rapidly became outward within 2 ms.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that the set of spectral receptor types in flower visiting bees (λmax=340, 430 and 540 nm) is close to optimal for the discrimination of several sets of sympatric and simultaneously blooming flower colors, as well as for discrimination of green foliage, but not for fruit coloration.

Journal ArticleDOI
John F. Allen1
TL;DR: An hypothesis is presented by which gamete specialization resolves a conflict between the function and replication of mitochondria, and may help to explain the evolution of separate sexes and a number of their characteristics.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An approximate theory for the way the evolution of population in a fitness landscape with a single fitness peak depends on N, L, s, and the mutation rate u is given, found to agree well with numerical simulation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The ways the top down approach to metabolic control analysis has been used in organelles and cells to identify the sites of action of effectors, to measure the distribution of control by blocks of reactions, and to measure regulation by effectors are discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The conditions for the appearance of a new primordium put forward by Snow & Snow (1952) form the rules of a dynamical iterative system more general than that based on Hofmeister's hypotheses (1868) as discussed by the authors.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined total gap area and the size distribution of gaps at equilibrium in a lattice-structured forest model and concluded that gap size distribution can often be described using two statistics (global and local gap densities) and these in turn can be predicted by the dynamics of gap formation, gap expansion, regeneration, and gap closure.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Several of the characteristics transient evolutions observed during the ontogeny are revisited and in the framework of the iterative system of Snow & Snow these evolutions can be reproduced, provided realistic initial conditions and time variations of the parameters are imposed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The CTC model corroborates what other models and some experimental work have previously suggested and is a function both of the receptor and of the suite of transitional proteins with which the receptor interacts.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The recent development of two mathematical frameworks for the analysis and design of metabolic systems is reviewed here and both are powerful in enabling greater insights into metabolism based on MCA quantities.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The hypothesis that the nervous system could use a transition structure to maintain balance is tested by developing transition structures which are consistent with a set of experimental observations of postural control in healthy subjects and three groups of patients with peripheral vestibular disease.