Showing papers in "Journal of Theoretical Biology in 2021"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed and fit a mathematical model to case and death count data collected from the United States and eight European countries during the early epidemic period before broad control measures were implemented.

TL;DR: An epidemiological model in which separate compartments are used for susceptible and asymptomatic “socially distant” populations is introduced, and a too-sudden reopening of society may negate the progress achieved under initial distancing guidelines, but the negative effects can be mitigated if the relaxation strategy is carefully designed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a mathematical model of COVID-19 transmission and applied optimal control theory to determine the optimal social distancing and testing strategies, identifying the best approach to reduce the epidemiological burden at a minimal cost.

TL;DR: A key feature of this model is the evaluation of the timing and magnitude of implementation of major public policies restricting social movement in the early phase of the epidemics, when the number of cases grows exponentially.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed an SEIR-type model of COVID-19, with account for two particular aspects: non-exponential distribution of incubation and recovery periods, as well as age structure of the population.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present numerical essays showing the best possible performance for a large set of basic reproduction numbers and lockdown durations and intensities for the SIR epidemic model.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a mathematical model to describe the disease transmission mechanism between the individuals, which is fitted to the daily new reported cases in India during the period 2nd March, 2020 to 12th November, 2020.

TL;DR: In this article, the Porous-Fisher reaction-diffusion equation is used to quantify tissue growth in terms of the underlying cell proliferation and migration processes, and a mechanistic mathematical model based on the porous-fisher equation is introduced and calibrated for 3D printed scaffolds.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors introduce a novel kinetic model of growth which highlights the role of microscopic transitions in determining a variety of equilibrium distributions, and show that under a suitable scaling both the free and controlled growth models correspond to Fokker-Planck type equations for the growth distribution with variable coefficients of diffusion and drift, whose steady solutions in the free case are given by a class of generalized Gamma densities which can be characterized by fat tails.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that peak epidemic sizes in a population strongly depend on the network structure and that at least 70% of the population should be vaccinated to obtain herd immunity.

TL;DR: This study formulate a novel TB epidemic model accounting for the effects of the contaminated environments on the TB transmission dynamics, and proves that the annual average of TB cases in Jiangsu province, China can be used to govern the threshold dynamics of the model.

TL;DR: In this article, a non-smooth SIR Filippov system is proposed to investigate the impacts of three control strategies (media coverage, vaccination and treatment) on the spread of an infectious disease.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use the prisoner's dilemma (PD) game as a basis for long-term apprehension of the essential social dilemma related to cooperation among unrelated individuals, and report the individual dominance of cooperators and defectors as well as a plethora of mixed states.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a model framework that integrates COVID-19 transmission dynamics with a multi-strategy evolutionary game approach of individual decision-making to characterize the evolution of human choices in social-isolation as the disease progresses and public health control measures such as mandatory lockdowns are implemented.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors extend the SEIR model and calibrate it to data of Luxembourg, Austria and Sweden until 15 December 2020, showing that a level around 1/3 of before the COVID-19 pandemic was still required in December to keep the effective reproduction number Refft below 1, for all three countries.

TL;DR: A modified SVIRS epidemic model is established that integrates the effects of the durability of protection and imperfectness in the framework of the human decision-making process as a vaccination game and the entire mechanism of active and passive immunities are discovered, in the sense of how they coexist with natural and artificial immunity.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider replication mechanisms in modern viruses and ask which of these is possible non-enzymatically, using mathematical models and experimental data found in the literature to estimate rates of RNA synthesis and replication.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors introduce altruistic punishers in the spatial public goods game, which acts as a cooperator in the absence of defectors, otherwise it will punish all defectors in their vicinity while bearing a cost to do so.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of light attenuation and depth integration on photosystem II photoinactivation were investigated. And the results showed that photoinhibition can appear to be over three times lower than the inherent cellular susceptibility to photoin activation, in optically-dense samples such as leaves or biofilms.

TL;DR: An iterated game on a social network with payoff functions that depend on the state of the resource, and the strategy composition of the population evolves until an equilibrium is reached, which suggests modellers should choose strategy update rules that best represent decision-making in their study systems.

TL;DR: In this paper, the role of macrophages with mixed phenotype on growth/control/elimination of lung tumours was investigated using a mathematical modeling and computational approach. But, the authors did not consider the effect of different macrophage phenotypes on the development of lung cancer.

TL;DR: A novel mathematical model that serves as a framework to study the complex dynamics of virus-macrophage interactions and provides a mechanistic explanation for existing experimental observations is developed, contributing to an enhanced understanding of the role of macrophages in influenza viral infection.

TL;DR: In this article, the branching structure of the placenta is analyzed using micro-computed tomography and computational model-based analysis, and it is shown that there is a "resilience" to placental vascular structure-function relationships.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors have modeled strategies for the employment of the hospital workforce with the goal of simulating the health and productivity of the workers to determine if desynchronization of medical teams by dichotomizing the workers may protect the workforce.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors formulated a predator-prey model dividing the prey population into two stages: juvenile and adult, and showed that when adult preys are not showing anti-predator behavior, with an increase of maturation rate, the system exhibits a population cycle of abruptly increasing amplitude.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a mathematical model that is able to describe the data from both phases of COVID-19 dynamics in Nepal, and evaluated the effects of various control strategies on the long-term outcome of this epidemics and identified ideal strategies to curb the epidemic in Nepal.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the dynamics of N-terminal kinesin motors under both longitudinal and sideways loads, and the physical mechanism of the effect of the sideways load on the dynamics were revealed.

TL;DR: In this article, a rigorous computational exploration of invasion was performed within an experimentally motivated Cellular Potts-based modeling environment, which comprised of adhesive interactions between cancer cells, BM- and Coll I-like extracellular matrix (ECM), and reaction-diffusion-based remodeling of ECM.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors design a new subsidy policy, named degree dependent subsidy, where cooperative agents get incentives according to their connectivity or degree, and vice versa, and compare the efficiency of each policy in terms of having a less infectious state with a minimum social cost.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors developed a switching patch model to capture the spread from one initial epidemic pig house consecutively to others, and explored how the disinfection and fixation of employees impact ASFV spread in the farms.