Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry 

About: Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry is an academic journal published by Mulawarman University. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Chemistry & Traditional medicine. It has an ISSN identifier of 2087-7099. It is also open access. Over the lifetime, 160 publications have been published receiving 355 citations.

IDENTIFIKASI METABOLIT SEKUNDER DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN SUNGKAI (Peronema canescens JACK.) TERHADAP BEBERAPA BAKTERI PATOGEN

Abstract: A research which identification of secondary metabolites and antibacterial activity test from methanol exstract of leaf Sungkai (Peronema canencens Jack) to several pathogens bacterial, which aims to identification of secondary methabolites and determine the antibacterial activity from crude methanol extract of leaf Sungkai (P. canencens Jack). against Streptococcus mutans, Salmonella thyposa, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Material test obtained by maceration with methanol, then tested for activity. Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) value extract was determined by liquid dilution and the followed by scratches on solid media method. Minimum Kill Concentration (KBM) value extracts was determined by agar diffusion method with using paper disks.The results secondary metabolite identify form extracts of leaves P. canencens obtainable derived alkaloid, terpenoids - steroids, flavonoids, and tannin compounds. Methanol extract have the antibacterial activity. Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) value of extract is concentration of 20% for bacteria S. mutans, S.thiposa and S.aureus, while for the B. subtilis is konsentration of 15%. Minimum Kill Concentration (KBM) values exstract at a concentration of 5% effective at killing S. mutans and S. thyposa bacteria, while the concentration of 1% effective to bacteria B.subtilis and S.aureus. Key words: P. canencens Jack, antibacteria activity, S. mutans, S. thiposa, B. subtillis, S. aureus ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian identifikasi metabolit sekunder dan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak metanol daun Sungkai (P.canencens Jack) terhadap beberapa bakteri patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi metabolit sekunder dan mengetahui aktifitas antibakteri dan Kadar Hambat Minimum (KHM) dan Nilai Kadar Bunuh Minimum (KBM) ekstrak kasar metanol daun Sungkai (P.canencens Jack.) terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans, Salmonella thyposa, Bacillus subtilis dan Staphylococcus aureus. Bahan uji diperoleh dengan maserasi daun sungkai dengan metanol, selanjutnya diuji aktivitasnya. Nilai Kadar Hambat Minumum (KHM) ekstrak ditentukan dengan metode dilusi cair dan dilanjutkan dengan metode goresan pada media padat. Nilai Kadar Bunuh Minimum (KBM) ekstrak ditentukan dengan metode difusi agar padat menggunakan paper disk. Hasil penelitian identifikasi metabolit sekunder ekstrak P. canencens diperoleh golongan senyawa alkaloid, terpenoid - steroid, flavanoid, dan tanin. Ekstrak metanol daun P. canencens Jack. memiliki aktifitas sebagai antibakteri. Nilai KHM ekstrak P. canencens untuk bakteri S..mutans, S.thiposa dan S.aureus adalah konsentrasi 20%, sedangkan untuk bakteri B. subtilis adalah 15%. Nilai KBM ekstrak metanol P. canencens pada konsentrasi 5% efektif membunuh bakteri S.. mutans dan S. thyposa, sedangkan konsentrasi 1 % efektif membunuh bakteri B.subtilis dan S.aureus. Kata kunci : P. canencens Jack, Aktivitas antibakteri, S. mutans, S. thyposa, B. subtillis, S. aureus

Formulasi dan optimasi basis gel hpmc (hidroxy propyl methyl cellulose) dengan berbagai variasi konsentrasi

Abstract: Ideal gel formulation can be obtained by formulating some kind of gelling material, but the most important thing to note is the selection of a gelling agent. HPMC (Hidroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose) is a gelling agent that is commonly used in the production of cosmetics and drugs, because it can producea gel that is clear, easily soluble in water, and has a low toxicity. This study aimed to obtain the concentration of HPMC as a gelling agent that has the physical stability in accordance with the stipulated requirements. Gel formulations made with HPMC concentration variation of 3%, 5% and 7%, further evaluation of physical properties include organoleptic test, homogeneity, dispersive power, pH, and viscosity. Evaluation gel base done for 3 weeks. The results of stability tests show the base gel with a concentration of 7% HPMC has a good standard for viscosity, pH, dispersive power, homogeneity and organoleptic.Key words: Gel, HPMC (hidroxy propyl methyl cellulose), gelling agent.ABSTRAKSediaan gel yang baik dapat diperoleh dengan cara memformulasikan beberapa jenis bahan pembentuk gel, namun yang paling penting untuk diperhatikan adalah pemilihan gelling agent. HPMC (Hidroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose) merupakan gelling agent yang sering digunakan dalam produksi kosmetik dan obat, karena dapat menghasilkan gel yang bening, mudah larut dalam air, dan mempunyai ketoksikan yang rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh konsentrasi HPMC sebagai gelling agent yang memiliki kestabilan fisika yang sesuai dengan persyaratan yang telah ditetapkan. Formulasi gel dibuat dengan variasi konsentrasi HPMC 3%, 5% dan 7%, selanjutnya dilakukan evaluasi sifat fisika yang meliputiuji organoleptis, homogenitas, daya sebar, pH, dan viskositas. Evaluasi basis gel dilakukan selama 3 minggu. Hasil yang diperoleh dari uji stabilitas menunjukan basis gel dengan konsentrasi HPMC 7% memiliki standar yang baik untuk viskositas, pH, daya sebar, homogenitas dan organoleptis.Kata Kunci : Gel, HPMC (Hidroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose), gelling agent.

Aktivitas ekstrak daun salam (eugenia polyantha) sebagai antiinflamasi pada tikus putih (rattus norvegicus)

Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the anti inflammatory effect of ethanol extract of salam leaves, viewed from decrease paw edema volume rats carrageenan induced 1%. For the anti-inflammatory activity measurement, five different groups were established, three test group, one positive control group and one negative control group. In the test group given the extract of salam leaves, the positive control given Na diklofenak, while the negative control group given Na CMC. Salam leaf extract was administered in three different doses : 50 mg/kgBB, 150 mg/kgBB and 250 mg/kgBB. Each of them were given orally 30 min before carrageenan induced. The paw volume was measured every hour for five hour after injection carrageenan. The results showed that ethanol extract of salam leaves in all doses has anti inflammatory efect on white rats.Keywords: Anti-inflammatory, extract salam leaves, white ratsABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek antiinflamasi ekstrak etanol daun salam ditinjau dari penurunan volume udem telapak kaki tikus putih jantan yang diinduksi karagenan 1%. Untuk pengukuran aktivitas antiinflamasi digunakan 5 kelompok hewan coba yang berbeda yakni 3 kelompok uji, 1 kelompok kontrol positif dan 1 kelompok kontrol negatif. Pada kelompok uji diberikan ekstrak daun salam, pada kontrol positif diberikan Na diklofenak, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol negatif diberikan Na CMC. Pemberian ekstrak daun salam dilakukan 3 variasi dosis yaitu dosis 50mg/kgBB, 150mg/kgBB, dan 250mg/kgBB. Bahan uji diberikan secara oral 30 menit sebelum diinduksi dengan 0,1 mL karagenan 1%. Pengukuran volume telapak kaki tikus dilakukan setiap jam selama 5 jam setelah induksi karagenan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak etanol daun salam pada semua variasi dosis memberikan efek antiinflamasi pada tikus putih jantan.Kata kunci: Antiinflamasi, ekstrak daun salam, tikus putih jantan

Metabolite profiling of 96% ethanol extract from Marsilea crenata presl. leaves using UPLC-QToF-MS/MS and anti-neuroinflammatory predicition activity with molecular docking

Abstract: Phytoestrogen is a group of compounds that can replace the estrogen function in the body. One of its roles was as anti-neuroinflammatory by inhibiting the microglia M1 polarity activation. Marsilea crenata Presl. is a plant that suspected to contain phytoestrogens. The aim of this research was to determine the metabolite profile of 96% ethanol extract of M. crenata using UPLC-QToF-MS/MS, and prediction the anti-neuroinflammatory activity of compounds with molecular docking. The 100 ppm of 96% ethanol extract in DCM and methanol were injected 5 µl each into the UPLC-QToF-MS/MS, and then analyzed by Masslynx 4.1 software to determine the compounds. The result of metabolite profiling shows a total 59 compounds in both DCM and methanol. Molecular docking was done with Autodock 4.2.6. After being analyzed, there are 3 compounds that are predicted to have activities similar to 17β-estradiol, they are prochlorperazine, 12-Aminododecanoic acid, and 1-methyl-2-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]benzimidaol-5-amine hydrochloride. The results showed that the three compounds were predicted to be phytoestrogen compounds from M. crenata leaves, which have potential as anti-neuroinflammatory.

Hubungan antara tempat perindukan nyamuk aedes aegypti dengan kasus demam berdarah dengue di kelurahan penajam kecamatan penajam kabupaten penajam paser utara

Abstract: Penajam Paser Utara Regency is a DHF endemic area with amount of DHF cases always high from 2005 and always rising every years. And penajam village is a village with the highest DHF cases in Penajam Paser Utara regency. With total DHF cases 21 or 32,79% from total DHF cases on Penajam subdistrict. This research was observational comparative in the field with quantitative method and cross-sectional approach to 60 houses by observation and interview to respondents. The purpose of this research was to analyze the correlation of container, non-container, natural container and density figure of Aedes Aegypti mosquito larvae (DF) with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) cases. This research finds result that there are significant correlation between breeding place of Aedes Aegypti mosquito larvae such as type of container (p=0.000), condition of container (p=0.000), purity of container (p=0.045), type of non-container (p=0.000), type of natural container (p=0.002) with the existence of the Aedes Aegypti mosquito larvae. While, density of Aedes Aegypti mosquito larvae did not have a significant correlation with the DHF cases (p=1.000). It suggested that could be maximizing the 3M Program and always making environment cleanliness to reduce DHF incidence in Penajam village area, Penajam Paser Utara regency. Keywords : Mosquito Breeding Places, Container, Aedes Aegypti mosquito larvae, DHF cases. ABSTRAK Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara Merupakan Daerah Endemik penyakit DBD dengan jumlah kasus yang selalu tinggi sejak tahun 2005 dan selalu bertambah setiap tahun. Desa Penajam merupakan salah satu desa dengan jumlah kasus DBD tertinggi di Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara dengan julah kasus 21 atau 32,79 % total keseluruhan kasus DBD yang terjadi. Penelitian lapangan ini dilakukan secara komparatif observasional dengan metode kuantitatif dan pendekatan cross-sectional terhadap 60 rumah melaui observasi dan dan wawancara langsung ke responden. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis korelasi angka kontainer, non-kontainer, kontainer alami dan kepadatan larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti (DF) dari kasus Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ada korelasi yang signifikan antara tempat perkembangbiakan larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti seperti jenis kontainer (p = 0,000), kondisi kontainer (p = 0,000), kemurnian kontainer (p = 0,045), jenis non-kontainer (p = 0,000), jenis kontainer alam (p = 0,002) dengan keberadaan jentik nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Sementara, kepadatan larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti tidak memiliki korelasi yang signifikan dengan kasus DBD (p = 1.000). Dari Hasil tersebut disarankan untuk memaksimalkan Program 3M dan selalu membuat kebersihan lingkungan untuk mengurangi kejadian DBD di wilayah desa Penajam, Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara. Kata Kunci : Tempat pembiakan nyamuk, Container, Larva nyamuk Aedes Aegypti, Kasus DBD.