scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Showing papers in "Kew Bulletin in 1972"


Journal ArticleDOI

2,146 citations



Journal ArticleDOI

310 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The influence of the Mesolithic and Neolithic man on British vegetation: a discussion and the study of plant macrofossils in British Quaternary deposits are discussed.

117 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Seaweed as Animal Fodder, Manure and for Energy, and Sea Vegetables (Algae as Food for Man), and Mariculture of Seaweeds.

75 citations


Journal ArticleDOI

74 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Eight African species of Eleusine are recognized in this paper, the majority being localised in parts of East and North East Tropical Africa.
Abstract: Eight African species of Eleusine are recognized in this paper, the majority being localised in parts of East and North East Tropical Africa. Each species is described and a key is provided. Eleusine africana Kenn.-O'Byrne is reduced to a subspecies of E. indica (L.) Gaertn., and E. indica (L.) Gaertn. var. intermedia Chiov. is raised to specific rank as E. intermedia (Chiov.) Phillips. Two new species are also described: E. semisterilis Phillips from Kenya and E. ki~geziensis Phillips from southwest Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and adjacent parts of the Congo.

63 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This synopsis of the taxonomy of Solanum L. Edmonds recognises 14 species in South America, with additional infra-specific taxa, and two new combinations have been made, S. lorentzii (Bitt.) Edmonds and S. itatiaiae Glazion ex Edmonds.
Abstract: This synopsis of the taxonomy of Solanum L. Section Solanum recognises 14 species in South America, with additional infra-specific taxa. Two new combinations have been made, S. polytrichostylum Bitt. var. lorentzii (Bitt.) Edmonds and S. pentlandii Dun. subsp. interandinum (Bitt.) Edmonds and S. itatiaiae Glazion ex Edmonds is given valid publication. Methods used in delimiting the taxa are briefly described, a key to the species is given, and their areas of distribution, chromosome numbers and the more important synonyms are listed.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The dendrograms suffer from the same defects as in the previous paper, but the minimum Spanning Tree provides an excellent diagrammatic view of relationships and probably comes close to representing the true situation.
Abstract: i. Dendrograms. Although compression at the lower similarity levels is not so evident, the dendrograms suffer from the same defects as in the previous paper. Initial clusters of 2-3 genera are reasonable enough, but thereafter the clusters join up in a manner that makes little taxonomic sense. 2. Minimum Spanning Tree (Fig. I). This provides an excellent diagrammatic view of relationships, and probably comes close to representing the true situation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This approach works sufficiently well to explain why the species is universally recognized as the basic unit, and to reassure us that, in general, the rank is consistently used throughout the Angiosperms.
Abstract: Summary. The genus concept represents a subjective approach to a natural phenomenon. It is difficult to disentangle the natural element, which is itself very complex, and the subject is fraught with speculation, but there is at least some justification for the following tentative propositions. i. The quasi-logarithmic distribution is remarkably constant, suggesting that evolutionary processes have operated in a reasonably uniform manner to produce a similar pattern of species groups in each family, and that these groups are recognizable as genera. 2. The Index of Diversity varies considerably, and may reflect a subjective dislike of large genera. 3. At least in the Gramineae new genera have been described at a relatively faster rate than new species have been discovered, and the level at which the genus is recognized has risen closer to that of the species. Botanical classification is commonly visualized as a dendrogram, in which the taxonomic ranks are represented by successive cross-sections at arbitrary levels. In the case of species it has gradually become apparent that this level coincides with a biological phenomenon, the closed breeding system. In practice it is often found that the closed breeding system is hard to define, that its coincidence with the morphological entities is inexact, and that the single epithet is a clumsy over-simplification. Indeed the art of the taxonomist is to attempt a reconciliation of these three aspects of the species concept. Nevertheless this approach works sufficiently well to explain why the species is universally recognized as the basic unit, and to reassure us that, in general, the rank is consistently used throughout the Angiosperms. The second main rank is the genus. It presumably has a real existence of some sort, for its origin lies in pre-Linnaean folk concepts (Bartlett, 1940); but it seems impossible to establish to what extent it is a reflection of the groupings found in nature, and to what extent it is a classificatory device in the mind of man (Walters, i961). Certainly no one has yet found any relationship with biological phenomena akin to that of the species, and we have therefore no standard by which to judge whether the rank is employed consistently. There is however one property of the generic concept upon which comparisons may be based, and that is the frequency distribution of genera of different sizes within a family.








Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is thought that it might be helpful to review all the species growing wild in Australasia and the Pacific area and to construct and publish a key to the species which are native but to all those which have become naturalized as well.
Abstract: In the course of my review of the plants recorded from Norfolk Island (see Green, 1970) it became necessary to consider the status of the two species of Passiflora that had been described from there. In doing this it was soon apparent, firstly that there was only one species native on the Island, and secondly that it was not specifically distinct from that occurring on New Caledonia and elsewhere, and that the whole group, with its extensive nomenclature, was in need of revision. Furthermore, it became clear that while a number of introduced species were now naturalized on many Pacific islands, individual specimens were often misidentified. Because of this it was thought that it might be helpful to review all the species growing wild in Australasia and the Pacific area and to construct and publish a key not only to the species which are native but to all those which have become naturalized as well.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The concluding discussion includes reference to the status and contents of the family Davalliaceae and its possible relationships to other families; it is suggested that (as here delimited) it is an epiphytically adapted offshoot from the terrestrial group of ferns which includes Tectaria.
Abstract: Anatomical and morphological details are recorded for the species Davallia denticulata (Burm. f.) Mett., D. solida (Forst.) Sw., Humata repens (L. f.) Diels, Araiostegia membranulosa (Wall. ex Hook.) Holtt., A. multidentata (Wall. ex Hook.) Copel. and Davallodes borneense (Hook.) Copel. The distinctive characters of the genera are discussed, based on the details described and also on a consideration of other species. A new assessment is made of the distinctions between Araiostegia and Davallodes; this involves consideration of Paradavallodes Ching, a genus established to include Araiostegia membranulosa and A. multidentata. It is concluded that the species included by Ching in Paradavallodes are not sufficiently distinct from those left by him in Araiostegia to warrant recognition of the new genus. The species originally named Davallia membranulosa Wall. ex Hook., placed by Copeland in Davallodes and by Ching in Paradavallodes, is therefore here transferred to Araiostegia. The concluding discussion includes reference to the status and contents of the family Davalliaceae and its possible relationships to other families; it is suggested that (as here delimited) it is an epiphytically adapted offshoot from the terrestrial group of ferns which includes Tectaria.





Journal ArticleDOI