Showing papers in "Laboratory Investigation in 2007"

TL;DR: The evidence is presented that CA-MRSA isolates are distinct strains emerging de novo from CA-methicillin susceptible isolates rather than from HA-MRsa isolates that have escaped from the hospital setting and that these novel CA- MRSA isolate may be more virulent than HA-mrSA.

TL;DR: This review will provide some examples of these diverse roles of Sias, and briefly address immunohistochemical approaches to their detection.

TL;DR: The available data indicate that human fibrocytes serve as a source of mature mesenchymal cells during reparative processes and in fibrotic disorders or stromal reactions predominantly associated with a persistent inflammatory infiltrate or with the selective recruitment of monocytes induced by ischemic changes and tumor development.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that IL-33 may enhance mast cell function in allergic disorders and other settings, either in the presence or absence of co-stimulation of mast cells via IgE/antigen–FcɛRI signals is supported.

TL;DR: Several approaches are being studied to inhibit TGF-β activity, including neutralizing antibodies, soluble receptors, receptor kinase antagonist drugs, antisense reagents and a number of less specific drugs such as angiotensin II antagonists and tranilast.

TL;DR: IBD-associated E. coli strains from IBD patients regulate cytokine expression and epithelial barrier function, two pathological features of IBD.

TL;DR: The current understanding of these pathways, the associations of Wnt signaling with human disorders, and the opportunities to target key components of WNT signaling for rational drug discovery are focused on.

TL;DR: The semiquantitative aspect of MS-MLPA may prove to be of great value, especially in predicting response to alkylating agents, not only for gliomas as evaluated in this study but also for tumors in general.

TL;DR: It is shown that informative RNA expression analysis can be derived from selected FFPE samples, and unsupervised analysis of informative gene expression profiles distinguished tumor type and subtype, and identified tumor tissue of origin in three unclassified carcinomas.

TL;DR: The findings reveal that adult livers resurrect developmental signaling systems, such as the Hh pathway, to guide remodeling of the biliary epithelia and stroma after cholestatic injury.

TL;DR: The data suggest that mitochondrial abnormalities of BTHS involve adhesions of inner mitochondrial membranes with subsequent collapse of the intracristae space, which suggests that phospholipid composition changes in this disorder are linked to alterations in the internal three-dimensional organization of mitochondrial membranes.

TL;DR: It is suggested that both in resolutive and sustained cholestatic injury, fibrosis is produced by myofibroblasts that derive predominantly from portal/periportal mesenchymal cells.

TL;DR: It is shown that a simple post-translational modification defect in a key morphogen may contribute to an environmentally induced complex congenital syndrome, and insight into FASD pathogenesis may suggest novel strategies for preventing these common congenital defects.

TL;DR: A new role is suggested for β-catenin as a negative regulator of inflammation during bacteria-induced inflammation in vivo and in vitro, using streptomycin-pretreated mice challenged with Salmonella as a model.

TL;DR: It is shown that STAT3 is required for survival in the acute stage after 70% hepatectomy and plays a role in inflammatory reaction after hepatocyte necrosis, however, the hepatocytic STAT3 may have limited role in liver mass recovery although DNA synthesis may be impaired.

TL;DR: The possibility that enteric glia constitute a previously unrecognized disease target in pathologies associated with intestinal barrier dysfunction, notably inflammatory bowel disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, irritable bowel syndrome, diabetes, autoimmune disease and neurotrophic virus infection of the gut is explored.

TL;DR: The transgenic model pathophysiologically links human mutant Pol γ, mtDNA depletion, and mitochondrial oxidative stress to the mtDNA replication apparatus and to CM as it relates to the genetic defect in CPEO.

TL;DR: Using a quantitative measure of ER expression, significant block-to-block heterogeneity was found in 81% of cases and this results most likely reflect both laboratory-based variability due to lack of standardization of immunohistochemistry and true biological heterogeneity.

TL;DR: Emerging anti-telomerase therapies that are currently in clinical trials might prove useful against some forms of human cancers, making it an attractive therapeutic target.

TL;DR: It is shown that despite expressing normal levels ofCD1d mRNA, fatty hepatocytes from ob/ob mice have significantly less CD1d on their plasma membranes than normal hepatocytes, which has functional significance because ob/OB hepatocytes are less able to activate CD1D-restricted T-cell responses in vitro, and CD1 d-reactive NKT cells are reduced in Ob/ob livers.

TL;DR: This study indicates that epigenetic inactivation of WIF1 contributes to the aberrant activation of Wnt pathway and is involved in the pathogenesis of both tumors, and could also serve as a specific biomarker for these tumors.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the interruption of the PDGF and EGF signaling pathways by curcumin stimulates gene expression of PPARγ in activated HSC, and novel insights are provided into the mechanisms ofCurcumin in the induction of PParγ gene expression inactivated HSC.

TL;DR: In conclusion, PGZ alleviates steatosis and steatohepatitis induced by the MCD diet, an effect associated with correction of intrahepatic insulin resistance.

TL;DR: Data suggest that MGP is present within elastic fibers and is associated with calcification of dermal elastic fibers in PXE, and the lower ratio of Gla-MGP over Glu-M GP in pathological fibroblasts compared to controls suggests these cells may play an important role in the ectopic calcification in P XE.

TL;DR: Hepcidin gene expression was not only detectable in extra-hepatic tissues such as heart, small intestine, colon, spleen and kidney but it was also upregulated under acute-phase conditions, with the Hjv gene being regulated antagonistically.

TL;DR: Snail is a key molecule, which perturbs the integrity of the slit diaphragm through transcriptional repression of nephrin under pathological conditions and the Wnt-GSK3 pathway participates in this mechanism.

TL;DR: The data suggest that PGE2-EP2/EP4 signaling is mandatory in UV-induced acute skin inflammation, presumably by enhancing blood flow in the microenvironment.

TL;DR: Data suggest for the first time that ROCK-II is a critical mediator of colon cancer cell invasion through its modulation of MMP-2 and -13 at the site of invadopodia but regulates proliferation in non-malignant intestinal cells.

TL;DR: The role of the enteric glial cells in the development of intestinal motor abnormalities has been investigated in both experimental animal models and in some human diseases as discussed by the authors, and it has been shown that alterations of these cells might play an important role in the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal motor activity.

TL;DR: The fact that many review articles are poorly cited raises concern about the harm that poor review articles can cause, first by making it more difficult to find the good reviews, and in the worst case by propagating scientific error through lack of critical appraisal of original research.