Showing papers in "Life Sciences in 1981"

TL;DR: It is concluded that the atrial extract contained an extremely powerful inhibitor of renal tubular NaCl re absorption, which caused a rapid, more than 30-fold increase of sodium and chloride excretions, while urine volume and potassium excretion doubled.

TL;DR: It is concluded that R 41 468 will be a particularly suitable tool to antagonize 5-HT action mediated by5-HT2 receptors.

TL;DR: The continuing need to identify the membrane alterations induced by the various causes of cell death in order to assess their potential reversibility in the absence of irreversible calcium accumulation is emphasized.

TL;DR: The research results reviewed here suggest that zinc plays an important role in the maintenance of membrane structure and function and physiological pathology is manifested rapidly after dietary zinc deprivation.

TL;DR: Evidence is reviewed which indicates that the kainic acid (KA)-treated rat possesses many of the features required of an animal model which reproduced the behavioral, electrographic and pathological features of temporal lobe epilepsy.

TL;DR: Methods for direct determination of kinetic and equilibrium constants of simple bimolecular drug-receptor interactions are described as is the use of these measurements to verify the existence of a simple second order reaction.

TL;DR: Behavior, electrophysiological, and biochemical effects of alkylxanthines are consistent with the hypothesis that the central stimulatory actions of caffeine and theophylline are due in large part to antagonism of central adenosine receptors.

TL;DR: Intracranial self-administration was effectively blocked by naloxone suggesting that this behavior is mediated through opiate receptors and is not the consequence of mechanical trauma, or changes in osmolarity or pH.

TL;DR: Liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (LCEC) provides a rapid, sensitive, and specific technique for measuring human plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine levels against that of the catechol-O-methyl-transferase radioenzymatic (COMT-RE) assay.

TL;DR: Changes in protein covalent binding caused by various treatments correlates with changes in the incidence and severity of the hepatic necrosis.

TL;DR: Three types of well defined peptidase activities in CNS may account for the hydrolysis of the opioid pentapeptides : aminopeptidases, angiotensin-converting enzyme and enkephalin-dipeptidylcarboxypeptidase.

TL;DR: The rewarding property of heroin was blocked by pretreatment with either naloxone or pimozide, suggesting that this opiate-receptor mediated effect is dependent on a dopaminergic substrate, supporting the notion that opiates and other sources of reward activate a similar neural substrate.

TL;DR: All animals had identical injections, handling, and environmental exposure, differing only in whether they received cocaine during or after their test cage experience.

TL;DR: Using a blood alcohol level > 200 mg/dl in a clinically “non-intoxicated” individual as the cut-off level for defining one as a suspect chronic alcohol user, the data would suggest that such individuals not uncommonly have blood alcohol levels as high as 290 ± 9mg/dl.

TL;DR: Cholecystokinin (CCK) receptors have been detected in the rat vagus nerve and a time dependent build up of the receptors at the ligature which is blocked by colchicine is revealed, suggesting at least a fraction of these receptors are being transported peripherally by fast flow.

TL;DR: Plasma β-endorphin immunoactivity was measured by RIA in 26 trained long distance runners on 35 occasions before and after running to separate β- endorphin from corssreacting β-lipotropin (β-LPH).

TL;DR: Dynorphin-(1–13), a recently isolated opioid peptide stimulates food ingestion in rats after intracerebroventricular administration at doses of 1 and 10 μg, and is accompanied by excessive grooming behavior.

TL;DR: The results from these studies give considerable hope that the chronic cardiotoxicity from Adriamycin may be attenuated in people, thereby givinh additional therapeutic benefit from this antitumor agent.

TL;DR: 3-PPP appears to be a centrally acting, selective DA-autoreceptor agonist that may prove useful as a tool for elucidating dopaminergic functions and in the treatment of psychotic disorders and other diseases states possibly associated with disturbances in central DA transmission.

TL;DR: Evidence derived from various types of neurochemical experiments indicates that in the CNS of vertebrates there is a net flux of glutamate and GABA from neurons to astroglia and a metabolic conversion of these amino acids to glutamine, which reflects the involvement of astrocytes in maintaining very low extracellular levels of glutamine.

TL;DR: Four β-casomorphins probably represent μ-type opiate receptor agonists in view of the fact that the GPI, MVD and RVD are populated predominantly by μ-, δ- and e-receptors, respectively.

TL;DR: It is concluded that most known and putative neurotransmitters interact with multiple receptor subtypes and specific experiments must be carried out to test these assumptions if valid results are to be obtained.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the β-adrenergic receptor present in human lymphocytes is of the β 2 -subtype and ICYP appears to be an ideal ligand for long-term studies on the regulation of β- adrenergic receptors of human lymphocyte.

TL;DR: The constellation of neuropharmacological actions of a particular opioid ligand may reflect its various potencies at a combination of μ, δ, K, and σ receptors.

TL;DR: Results suggest that specific somatostatin receptors can be measured within the brain with 125 I[Leu 8 ,D-Trp 22 ,Tyr 25 ] SS-28 as radioligand.

TL;DR: It is indicated that some DA cells change their firing pattern following behaviorally relevant stimuli, and that the incidence of spontaneously active DA neurons is low in the awake rat.

TL;DR: It is suggested that information derived from environmental lighting regulates sensitivity to pain via the pineal gland hormone melatonin, which is released and acts upon other areas of the CNS.

TL;DR: It is suggested that maintaining plasma concentrations in the experimental animal comparable to human therapeutic drug levels should offer a more realistic model for drug-embryotoxicity testing.

TL;DR: The results strongly suggest that high affinity binding of [3]] imipramine selectively labels serotonin uptake sites in brain and platelet.

TL;DR: For instance, liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (LCEC) has been shown to have unique advantages for the determination of many substances of neurochemical interest, such as the ability to avoid the need for radiolabelled substances, the formation of volatile derivatives, or reactions which generate fluorescent products as discussed by the authors.