Showing papers in "Life Sciences in 1988"

TL;DR: At the site in the nucleus accumbens where rats will administer amphetamine to themselves, injections of amphetamine or cocaine increased extracellular dopamine five-fold, thus amphetamine and cocaine increase dopamine in a behavior reinforcement system which is normally activated by eating.

TL;DR: An improved, HPLC with electrochemical detection method for the isocratic separation and determination of amino acids from post-mortem brain tissue and from microdialysates of awake-behaving animals is described.

TL;DR: Intraperitoneal injection of purified recombinant interleukin-1 into mice increased the cerebral concentration of the norepinephrine catabolite, 3-methoxy,4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol (MHPG), probably reflecting increased activity of noradrenergic neurons.

TL;DR: In smooth muscle, maintenance of the contractile response is due toCa2+ influx through two types of Ca2+ channel, a voltage-dependent Ca2- channel and a receptor-linked Ca2+, but a more transient contraction can be obtained by release of Ca 2+ from a cellular store, possibly the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that prenatal stress induces permanent alterations in dopaminergic activity and in cerebral asymmetry and suggest that the changes in cerebral lateralization of dopamine function may underly the increase in reactivity to anxiety-provoking situations in prenatally stressed offspring.

TL;DR: The drugs investigated were dissolved in amounts linearly proportionate to the concentration of the solubilizers used and did not precipitate upon dilution by aqueous media, which may considerably facilitate pharmacological evaluation of new, water insoluble potential drugs.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the behavioral effects of xanthines may be determined primarily by relative activity as adenosine receptor antagonists and as inhibitors of brain Ca-indep PDEs.

TL;DR: The data indicate that the in vivo and in vitro effects of M6G are complex and that M 6G may play an important role in analgesia in experimental animals, and by implication, in man.

TL;DR: There was a significant protection of the dopamine depleted striatum from the ischemia-induced loss of medium sized neurons seen in the intact striatum, implying a role for dopamine in ischemIA-induced striatal cell death.

TL;DR: A footshock-induced increase of 5-HT release, depleting existing stores of5-HT, that are replenished by the increased systemic availability of tryptophan is suggested.

TL;DR: It is interesting that nicotine was most effective at enhancing performance when recall was more difficult, that is, on the longer retention interval delays, which could signify that nicotine might be particularly effective in the most impaired individuals.

TL;DR: DMPX potently and selectively blocked the actions of the potent A2 adenosine agonist, 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA), in DBA/2 mice, compared to blockade of the same responses elicited by the selective A1-adenosine ligand, N6-cyclohexyladenosines (CHA).

TL;DR: It is concluded that oestradiol indeed plays an important role in protecting skeletal muscle, both in females and in males, and that males, after E2-treatment, no longer show postexercise muscle damage.

TL;DR: This study confirmed that 1MeTIQ and TIQ can cross the blood-brain barrier in rat, and suggested that these compounds, suspected to have relation to parkinson's disease, may accumulate in the brain from food sources.

TL;DR: Data support the existence of a human plasma 5HT pool, with a rapid turnover, different from the 5HT in platelets (slow turnover, reserve pool), which may be useful in evaluating different aspects of 5HT-mediated pathologies.

TL;DR: Although buprenorphine dose was not associated with retention or illicit opioid use, patterns of withdrawal symptoms differed among dosage groups during the 30 day study, and the 4 mg group had a substantial decline in symptoms, while the other two groups did not.

TL;DR: It is concluded therefore that delta opioid receptor and its ligand may be intimately involved in animal hibernation and suggest that naturally occurring mu and kappa opioids may play an important role in the arousal state of hibernation.

TL;DR: The mechanism by which restraint stress induces suppression of food intake and the influence of intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of somatostatin on the anorexia induced by restraint stress were examined in the rat, providing further evidence in support of the theory that CRF is involved in the inhibitory mechanism ofFood intake in restraint stress.

TL;DR: It was found that AMPH pretreatment produced a long-lasting enhancement in striatal DA release evoked by AMPH, KCl or electrical field stimulation, and the basal rate of DA efflux was not altered by pretreatment condition.

TL;DR: Physiological fluctuations of hormones as occur during the estrous cycle can modulate extrahypothalamic biogenic amine activity, namely striatal DA systems which are not involved in the control of hormone secretion.

TL;DR: The relatively high activities observed indicate the capacity of endothelial cells to metabolize xenobiotics, and, thus, to give an additional protection to the brain.

TL;DR: Application of various degrees of esterase inhibition (by addition of neostigmine to the perfusion fluid) did not qualitatively interfere with the effects of oxotremorine or atropine on the release of acetylcholine.

TL;DR: The present results indicate a regional specificity for NMDA in the enhancement of LH secretion, which may reflect either a greater density of LHRH perikarya in the MPO or the presence of specific amino acid receptors on neuronal elements in theMPO, but not on neurons in the other areas tested.

TL;DR: It is concluded that NKB-induced antinociception is mediated by the spinal release of an opioid and not through a BK or NA mechanism, and the results suggest that the nociceptive and antinOCiceptive effects of neuro-kinins aremediated by the activation of NK-1 and NK-3 receptor subtypes respectively, in the rat spinal cord.

TL;DR: A relationship between NMDA-sensitive neuronal pathways and those endogenous opioid-containing systems which are known to regulate LH release is suggested, suggesting that adult animals were more than 10-fold less sensitive to NMDA than their younger counterparts.

TL;DR: The effects of Fe3+, lipid peroxy radicals and the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene on the 2-thiobarbituric (TBA) acid quantitation of plasma lipid peroxides were investigated and Fe3+ stimulated peroxidation without affecting the formation of the MDA-TBA chromogen.

TL;DR: Results have shown that 5- HT2 agonists are capable of down-regulating 5-HT2 receptors and that LSD acts in a parallel fashion, and it has been demonstrated that 4-substituted derivatives of 1-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-aminopropane can be modified within hours after drug administration.

TL;DR: The data suggest that EGF is produced by both PG and SMG, but that more of it is secreted from the PG than in mixed SMG + SLG saliva, which challenges the general view that human salivary E GF is mainly from SMG.

TL;DR: The present results suggest that ultrasonic vocalization in response to unavoidable aversive stimuli could be considered as a potential new tool for studying drugs with antianxiety properties.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the Suncus murinus is sensitive to the motion stimulus and antiemetic drugs are effective as prophylaxis in motion sickness.