Showing papers in "Life Sciences in 1989"

TL;DR: Experimental and clinical studies demonstrate that both laboratory and natural stressors alter the activities of lymphocytes and macrophages in a complex way that depends on the type of immune response, the physical and psychological characteristics of the stressor and the timing of stress relative to the induction and expression of the immune event.

TL;DR: The data suggest that the glutamate system participates in the mechanism of "reverse tolerance" to the dopaminergic effects of cocaine and amphetamine, as well as to the convulsant effect of cocaine.

TL;DR: A detailed statistical analysis of the isobolographic method is presented with examples of the statistical procedures, a rational basis for selecting proportions of each drug in the combination, and a relatively novel application of theIsobologram concept, i.e., interactions involving different anatomical sites.

TL;DR: The cerebral metabolic rate of glucose was measured during nighttime sleep in 36 normal volunteers using positron emission tomography and fluorine-18-labeled 2-deoxyglucose (FDG) and the cingulate gyrus was the only cortical structure to show a significant increase in glucose metabolic rate in REM sleep in comparison to waking.

TL;DR: Results indicate that ethanol-induced gastric damage can be significantly reduced by nitric oxide, and may be related to its vasodilator or anti-aggregatory properties.

TL;DR: The work done to date towards the development and evaluation of biodegradable and non-biodegradables magnetic targeted drug delivery systems are reviewed and their future prospects and limitations in cancer chemotherapy are outlined.

TL;DR: The finding of effects in mosquito Malpighian tubules suggests that leucokinins may be widely distributed in insects where they may have diverse functions in a variety of organs.

TL;DR: It seems from both the cross-sectional and longitudinal parts of this study that PMN chemotaxis and serum lipid peroxide levels correlate with survival to advanced age.

TL;DR: 3H-Lysergic acid diethylamide binding, a putative measure of 5-HT2 receptor binding, was studied in the blood platelets of 29 depressed patients and 24 normal controls and the Bmax was significantly greater than that of normal volunteers.

TL;DR: It is suggested that voluntary ethanol ingestion increases the release of DA from nigro-striatal and meso-limbic DA neurons and ethanol influenced DA metabolism also in the medial prefrontal cortex.

TL;DR: Rats fasted 15 hours were treated p.o. with increasing amounts of a mixture containing a fixed proportion of seven essential amino acids, which produced a dose-response decrease of free, total, and total plasma tryptophan and of brain tryPTophan.

TL;DR: Drawing conclusions are drawn from continuous infusion studies where corticosterone yields a bitonic dose-response curve for body weight gain and feeding efficiency and type I and type II corticosteroid receptor binding.

TL;DR: Among the dams, plasma concentrations covaried with dose and multiple dosing produced higher concentrations than acute, especially at the high dose, and the fetuses from the high, multiple-dose dams similarly yielded significantly higher concentrations.

TL;DR: There are differences both in the basal levels and in the response of the cortisol and the pituitary beta-endorphin system to an acute ethanol challenge between the two groups.

TL;DR: The results strongly support the hypothesis that LA is essential for development of alcoholic liver disease in a rat model and show no evidence of liver injury in the tallow ethanol group.

TL;DR: Female subjects demonstrated a more robust increase in plasma prolactin following L-TRP infusion pre-diet and exhibited a larger decrease in plasma TRP following dietary TRP restriction compared to males, suggestive of postsynaptic serotonin receptor supersensitivity.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that mu1 actions develop tolerance in an infusion model far more rapidly than a number of naloxonazine-insensitive (non-mu1) ones and may help explain differences in the rate of tolerance development to morphine actions.

TL;DR: Although all of these agents are 5-HT2 antagonists, LY53857 and LY281067 lack the additional monoaminergic activity of pirenperone, and the observation that the administration of prazosin, an alpha 1 antagonist, significantly increased ejaculatory latency and suppressed the stimulatory effects of Ly53857 was supported.

TL;DR: The data indicate that gonadal steroids influence the response to a noxious heat stimulus in male and female rats and that the effect may vary according to sex and the way in which the stimulus is applied.

TL;DR: This is the first instance that a well aimed medication prolonged lifespan of members of a species beyond their maximum age of death (182 weeks in the rat) and a close relation between sexual activity and lifespan was detected.

TL;DR: Intravenous cocaine abuse is a major probel in opioid abusers including those treated in methadone maintenance, and it is found that speedballing by combining opioid agonists with cocaine may be blocked by opioid antagonists and partial antagonists such as buprenorphine.

TL;DR: Data suggest a differential sensitivity of cocaine and amphetamine self-administration to pharmacological manipulation of central serotonin systems, consistent with biochemical data which demonstrates a negative correlation between the reinforcing potency of amphetamine- like drugs, but not cocaine-like drugs and their potency at serotonin binding sites.

TL;DR: Expression of the cloned gene in mammalian cells will be useful in delineating the relationships between the pharmacological types of muscarinic receptors and their genes and studying the interactions between the receptor, G proteins, and second messenger coupling.

TL;DR: Recent neurochemical and anatomical findings delineating two compartments, the patches and the matrix, in the mammalian striatum, are described, leading to a hypothesis concerning the function of the striatal compartments and their participation in neural systems controlling both immediate and learned behaviors.

TL;DR: In this article, changes in extracellular levels of endogenous norepinephrine were measured in 11 freely-moving rats using microdialysis and high pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.

TL;DR: The anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol may be secondary to suppression of macrophage-derived tumor necrosis factor, which mediates the inflammatory cascade and stimulates phagocyte functions.

TL;DR: The authors suggest that the pineal gland, in addition to being a convenient locus for measuring dyschronogenic effects of ELF field exposure, may play a central role in biological response to these fields via alterations in the melatonin signal.

TL;DR: The rapid response suggests that IL-1 acts acutely to release preformed hormone stores, and isomers of adrenocorticotrophic hormone, growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone and prolactin in a dose-related manner.

TL;DR: It is concluded that END is a potent secretagogue for ANP both in vitro and in vivo.

TL;DR: It is suggested that rapid and prolonged downregulation of 5-HT2 receptor sites is characteristic of some but not all atypical antipsychotic drugs and is not specific to atypicals antipsychotics drugs.