Showing papers in "Life Sciences in 1998"

TL;DR: The results suggest that brain cannabinoid receptors are involved in the regulation of appetite and body weight in adult, non-obese Wistar rats.

TL;DR: Increased cytokine secretion is implicated as a mechanism whereby stress can induce depression.

TL;DR: It appears, therefore, that this non-nitrogenous constituent is a possible major active principle responsible for the observed clinical efficacies of the extract as an antidepressant and that it could also be a starting point for drug discovery projects engaged in the search of psychoactive drugs with novel mode of action.

TL;DR: Differences in metabolic handling of MCFA versus LCFA are considered and it is concluded that MCFA hold potential as weight loss agents.

TL;DR: The data suggest that, during endotoxin challenge, oleuropein potentiates the macrophage-mediated response, resulting in higher NO production, currently believed to be beneficial for cellular and organismal protection.

TL;DR: Evidence for functionally distinct pools of ACTH releasing corticotropes, and the finding that AVP levels more closely correlate with ACTH levels than do CRH levels, suggest a more dynamic role for AVP in activity of the stress axis, and a primarily permissive function for CRH.

TL;DR: This assay represents a universal methodology for screening orphan receptors, GRK inhibitors and novel GPCR ligands and provides a valuable new tool to dissect the biological function and regulation of beta-arrestin proteins.

TL;DR: Artificial slowdown of age-dependent telomere shortening is succeeded by addition of the oxidation-resistant type of ascorbic acid, Asc-2-O-phosphate (Asc2P), which concurrently achieved both extension of cellular life-span and prevention of cell size enlargement indicative of cellular senescence.

TL;DR: It is raised the possibility that local or systemic overproduction of NO induced by cytokines exerts a chronic negative inotropic effect on the myocardium and may have detrimental effects on systemic hemodynamics in patients with heart failure.

TL;DR: It is indicated that low concentrations of H2O2 stimulate angiogenesis in BAECs, and the stimulation mechanisms may partially involve the enhancement of proliferation and migration.

TL;DR: Results are in accord with the clinical observations that sildenafil, taken orally, promotes penile erection through increased intracellular cGMP in response to sexual stimulation, potentiating smooth muscle relaxation.

TL;DR: In the study of inflammation the involvement of the coagulated pathway has to be taken into account, since the interaction between coagulation and inflammation pathways is a critical issue.

TL;DR: Delta9-THC does not induce the maximal effect obtained by classical cannabinoid receptor agonists such as CP55940, and at high concentration delta9- THC exhibits antagonist properties, while cannabidiol behaves as an antagonist acting in the micromolar range.

TL;DR: The efficient uptake of injected nanoparticles by cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) limits the development of long-circulating colloidal drug carriers and the protective effect of both polysaccharides is hypothesized to be due to the presence of a dense brush-like layer on the surface of the particles.

TL;DR: The results suggest that AT1 and AT2 receptors exert counteracting effects on ERK activation and consequently VSMC apoptosis and differential expression of these receptors may participate in vascular development and vascular remodeling.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate that the cannabinoid receptor ligands inhibited LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation and suggest that this effect could be at least in part mediated by the cannabinoid CB2 receptor.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the oral administration of LcS was able to modify the humoral and cellular immune responses to CII, and these modifications could result in the reduction of the development of CIA in DBA/1 mice.

TL;DR: It is concluded that aspartame consumption may constitute a hazard because of its contribution to the formation of formaldehyde adducts.

TL;DR: The results from preclinical and clinical studies of GABA function in the pathophysiology of mood disorders and in the mechanism of action of mood stabilizers, antidepressants and electroconvulsive therapy are reviewed.

TL;DR: Results suggest that MG is dominantly mediated by mu- and delta-opioid receptor subtypes, and that the selectivity of MG for the supraspinal opioid receptor sub types differs from that of MOR in mice.

TL;DR: The data support the inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolism as one of the biochemical mechanisms that might be the rationale for the putative antiphlogistic activity of these saikosaponins.

TL;DR: The increase in leptin in the serum of late pregnant rats, as well as an increase in placental mRNA, raises the possibility that leptin may serve a physiological role for the late parturient rat and/or its young.

TL;DR: The present data show that stevioside given intravenously to conscious SHR was effective in blood pressure reduction and there was no change in serum catecholamines in anaesthetized animals with this natural compound.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that NCX-4016, a nitric oxide-releasing aspirin derivative, exhibited superior chemopreventative effects to aspirin in this model of colon cancer, independent of inhibition of COX1 or COX-2.

TL;DR: It is evident that continuous infusions of butyrate are required to improve the efficacy of the treatment, and the described hyperacetylation of histones and the induction of several immune or non-immune cell-activating mediators are consistent with the pleiotropic stimulatory effect of the agent.

TL;DR: Rutoside, a flavonoid with antioxidant properties, was tested for acute and chronic antiinflammatory activity in trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced rat colitis and was able to promote colonic healing.

TL;DR: The hypothesis of capacitative Ca2+ entry into smooth muscle across the plasma membrane after intracellular store depletion and its mechanisms of inhibition and activation is commented.

TL;DR: The results fail to implicate the endogenous cannabinoid anandamide in reward-related learning or aversion and the half-life of an andamide was increased by pretreatment with the protease inhibitor phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride.

TL;DR: While little has been published on the human neuropsychopharmacology of TRH, and especially of its analogs, the future holds considerable therapeutic promise for these interesting drugs.

TL;DR: It was concluded that garlic blocks the L-NAME-induced hypertension by antagonizing in vivo the inhibitory effect of L- NAME on NO production.