Showing papers in "Livestock Production Science in 2001"

TL;DR: D diets that cause MFD alter rumen biohydrogenation resulting in the production of trans -10, cis -12 CLA, and perhaps other unique fatty acids, that are potent inhibitors of milk fat synthesis.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review summarises the known effects of forages, animal fats or marine oils on bovine milk fat secretion and composition and the efficiency of the transfer of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from diet to milk is reviewed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors give an overview of the present state of the art in the different issues of organic livestock farming and discuss the possibilities and limitations to perform the self-aimed goals under the basic standards of organic farming.

TL;DR: Performance and progeny test data on young Charolais bulls in France were used to estimate genetic and phenotypic variation, and correlations among postweaning growth and feed efficiency traits, highlighting the fact that genetic improvement can potentially be made in any of these traits.

TL;DR: It was concluded that total lying time, lying synchrony, milk cell count and locomotion score are potential indicators for the assessment of dairy cow welfare in different housing environments.

TL;DR: It is concluded that dietary SDAP levels up to 6% increase both average daily gain (ADG) and feed intake (ADFI) in the first 2 weeks after weaning in a dose-dependent fashion and reduces post-weaning intestinal disease by preventing attachment of pathogens.

TL;DR: It is concluded that homogeneous rather than heterogeneous variance should be assumed for males and females to estimate breeding values in zebu derived cattle grazed at pasture in the tropics to maximise genetic progress.

TL;DR: In this paper, survey data relating to farmers' perceptions of risk and risk management, and analyses whether characteristics of a farm and/or farmer can be identified that relate to these perceptions.

TL;DR: It is concluded that selection on litter size, g piglet mortality and also number of litters per year would be worthwhile in relation to Dutch Landrace sows.

TL;DR: Results of this study indicated that the effects of HAT on the above parameters are not altered by a reduction in feed intake.

TL;DR: In small ruminants, the secretion of oxytocin following stimulation of the mammary gland is necessary for complete removal of milk during suckling and during machine milking and the optimisation of milk ejection is the result of neuroendocrine mechanisms.

TL;DR: The relationships between milking interval, milk production and milk flow-rate using a milking robot were studied with data from a research farm collected between October 1997 and September 1999 and found that the effects of milking intervals were greater for higher producing cows than for lower producing cows.

TL;DR: It was concluded that fatty liver seems to be fairly common in early lactating dairy cows, according to the classification used, and some biologically explicable variables in commercial herds that were significantly related to the liver triacylglycerol content were found.

TL;DR: The results suggest that NSP degrading enzymes are of benefit to early-weaned pigs fed diets based on hulless barley with high β-glucan content.

TL;DR: In a pan-European study, a new method to analyse the way consumers perceived quality in food products was applied to derive European-wide consumer segments, using beef and yoghurt as product examples.

TL;DR: Confirmation of several QTL affecting growth and fat deposition in pigs and interesting new insight into their mode of expression is added and additional significant and suggestive QTL were identified.

TL;DR: Results indicate that GTE could be applied as a safe and useful feed material and a decrease in the number of calf deaths was also observed, due to the effect of GTE in the prevention of digestive and respiratory organ diseases in calves while nursing.

TL;DR: Breeding objectives for beef cattle in Ireland were derived and used to define selection sub-indexes to simplify selection decisions by commercial bull and semen buyers for situations where all of the resulting progeny are slaughtered, or when some female progenyare kept as replacement breeding cows.

TL;DR: The measurement of farm animal well-being has evolved through several stages to return to the most agreed-upon system of evaluation that uses a multidisciplinary approach as mentioned in this paper, which includes measures of animal behavior, physiology, anatomy and health and immunity.

TL;DR: Skatole, a compound formed by the bacterial degradation of tryptophan, has harmful consequences for the beef and pork industries and is responsible for boar taint in pigs.

TL;DR: To more thoroughly investigate mechanisms controlling colostrogenesis, methods are needed to evaluate the molecular regulation of IgG1 receptor expression and to relate published studies in other species to the in vivo identification, function, and hormonal regulation of this putative bovine receptor.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of acute heat stress on total heat production (THP), respiratory quotient (RQ), respiration rate (RR), and rectal temperature (Trectal) were investigated.

TL;DR: Results showed that the supplementation of single β-glucanase or enzyme cocktail significantly improved apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE), crude protein (CP), amino acids (AA), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and total non-starch polysaccharide (NSP).

TL;DR: Length of neck, cannon bone circumference, and width of thorax were the most important traits for discriminating studs for mares; width of thurls, chest circumference,and width of hips were important for stallions.

TL;DR: Camelus dromedarius protein was detected and compared to bovine protein using size exclusion chromatography columns on HPLC as discussed by the authors, and the results showed that the main protein in camel colostrum whey is serum albumin.

TL;DR: Future management strategies to enhance both reproductive performance and to satisfy consumer demands need to consider hypothalamo-pituitary maturation in association with body weight and body-composition parameters.

TL;DR: It is suggested that differences in digestibility between yeast-RNA and duodenal PBs might explain differences in recovery estimations.

TL;DR: The Lacaune breed is now one of the high milk yield breeds, efficiently selected for milk yield and milk composition, type traits, and, in the near future, also for somatic cell count and udder score.

TL;DR: Approaches for enhancing mammary gland growth during early lactation offer substantial potential for enhancing milk yield and piglet growth.

TL;DR: Clinical mastitis were more frequent in farming systems with highest than with lowest intensification of the dairy production, whereas high somatic cell counts were less frequent, and non-Holstein herds had less clinical mastitis, better reproductive performance and more dystocia than Holstein herds.