Showing papers in "Livestock Science in 2018"

TL;DR: The authors conducted a systematic review of the livestock LCA literature to better understand the impact categories included and the progress made towards more comprehensive LCA, and found that while the number of multi-category LCA (LCA with 4 or more impact categories) increased over time, LCA including 1-3 impact categories (which they define as "simplified LCA" increased at a higher rate than multiscale LCA therefore remain the most prevalent in the literature.

TL;DR: Subclinical mastitis caused by contagious and environmental pathogens increased SCC and decreased milk yield when compared with healthy contralateral quarters and quarters infected by contagious pathogens had increased concentrations of milk protein and fat when comparedWith healthy contralsateral quarters.

TL;DR: This meta-analysis showed that postpartum cyclicity of dairy cows was mainly associated with BCS at calving, whereas estrus expression was mainlyassociated with milk yield and fertility with both BCS and milk yield.

TL;DR: Broiler chickens fed diets containing 50 and 100% RSM or FRSM had greater weight gain (WG) and a better feed conversion ratio (FCR; P) than those fed with SBM.

TL;DR: Review of studies on the use of microalgae for dairy ruminant feeding to provide complete information on the state of the art, limitations, and their potential use suggests careful attention should be paid in terms of the amount of algae supplemented and ruminoprotected forms considered in order to prevent reductions in the feed intake, and a deterioration in milk yield and quality.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the potential impacts of training in good practices of cattle handling on stockpeople's attitudes and behavior, and on cattle welfare, in Brazilian beef farms and found that non-trained farms had the poorest quality of handling and more undesirable animal behaviors during handling.

TL;DR: Evaluating the effects of different tree shading levels on sward vertical structure of Piata palisadegrass cultivated in a crop-livestock-forestry integration area found moderate shading is not so detrimental to system's productivity, highlighting the importance of adequate choice of tree species, plant density and arrangement.

TL;DR: In this paper, the metabolic differences between yaks and cattle were found to favor yaks to the harsh conditions of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, where cattle are raised at higher elevations and are not offered supplementary feed whereas yaks receive supplementary feed and are sheltered at night during winters.

TL;DR: There is ample indication that meat quality and immune response could be improved by dietary vitamin E supplementation, and there seemed to be no relationship between dietaryitamin E supplementation and growth performance.

TL;DR: The tender, juicy and flavorful meat had the lowest total collagen content as the corresponding animals fed with the lowest %forage and dry matter intake when investigating pHu and palatability traits of 480 young bulls.

TL;DR: Growth, feeding efficiency, carcass traits, and meat quality (including as measured by sensory analysis) were examined in four cattle breeds differing by age at maturity and purpose of production.

TL;DR: At 35 d of age, the DY-PRO treatment had greater body weight and dressing percentage, and better feed conversion ratio (P), than the control treatment.

TL;DR: The dietary treatments did not affect egg weight, egg mass, daily production, feed intake, chick's weight, and hatchability in quail breeders, however, feed conversion ratio (FCR) improved in quails breeders fed dietary AEO supplement.

TL;DR: The results of this study encourage the use of PPC in Nelore cattle since the selection for such trait would improve the productivity and longevity of the cows and increase the genetic gain for carcass grade.

TL;DR: In this article, a 3-year experiment where PLF principles were implemented on an extensive mountain sheep farm and an assessment made of whether or not such an approach could benefit more marginal sheep systems was made.

TL;DR: The results showed that, with increasing of dietary Arg content, body weight was increased quadratically on d 21 (P), and the effects of dietaryArg on performance and immune status were assessed.

TL;DR: Transdermal flunixin provided negligible analgesic effects on the pain biomarkers of substance P, IRT and gait analysis when given at the time of castration, and further research is needed to assessment the impact of transdermal fusions when administered as part of a multimodal analgesic protocol that includes local anesthesia.

TL;DR: It is found that the risk of a tail biting outbreak was significantly lower in pens with haylage and straw compared with control pens (P), and the prevalence of tail biting outbreaks in each of the extra material group with the control group was compared.

TL;DR: Previous results from GWAS of carcass traits revealed additional regions in the bovine genome associated with these economically important traits and revealed genes such as LYPLA, and LYN genes which have been associated with feed intake and growth in beef cattle.

TL;DR: It is concluded that understanding the effect of thermoregulation on the dynamics of blood cellular components and plasma fluid in livestock may provide useful information in livestock breeding to select animals that are highly adapted to heat stress, and in adopting preventive measures against immunosuppression and hyper- or hypo-thermia associated with seasonality, thus improving livestock productivity.

TL;DR: The efficacy of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2α) combined with carbetocin compared to PGF2α alone for the induction of parturition was determined and piglets born from 183 sows were included.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that forb containing pastures altered the diurnal pattern in urine-N excretion and offers opportunities to mitigate N leaching from grazed pastures whilst supporting high milk production in late lactation.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) on detoxification of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) by assessing growth performance, digestibility, immune function, and AFB1 residues in tissues and excreta of broiler chickens from d 0 to 21.

TL;DR: The dietary supplementation with 20 g Schizochytrium sp.

TL;DR: Results from this study indicate that lambs weaned per hectare linked with grass growth and utilisations are the key drivers of profitability on Irish grass based sheep production systems.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that low protein during late gestation in bovine dams may affect fetal growth with proportional increasing of head circumference and low body mass index.

TL;DR: Analysis of the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of leaves of Aegle marmelos and Murraya koenigii in dairy cows with endometritis indicated significant reduction in the bacterial load and PMN cell count in the herb supplemented cows.

TL;DR: Household modelling highlights ways to increase goat production in Ethiopia and India and reveals yield gaps are best addressed by integrated technologies using a systems approach.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared four different wood types (beech (Fagus sylvatica), larch (Larix decidua), spruce (Picea sitchensis), and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)) as enrichment, taking into account the qualities of the wood, economic considerations, and effectiveness at reducing damaging behaviours and lesions.