Mathematical Modelling 

TL;DR: In this paper, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is introduced as a method of measurement with ratio scales and illustrated with two examples, and the axioms and some of the central theoretical underpinnings of the theory are discussed.

TL;DR: A graphical approach to the identification and computation of causal parameters in mortality studies with sustained exposure periods is offered and an adverse effect of arsenic exposure on all-cause and lung cancer mortality which standard methods fail to detect is found.

TL;DR: In this article, a conceptual and mathematical model of the process of satisficing decision making under multiple objectives is presented, in which the information about decision maker's preferences is expressed in the form of aspiration levels.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore various methods for reducing the complexity of the preference eliciting process in a group decision-making session, where the group structures the problem in a hierarchical framework and pairwise comparisons are elicited from the group for each level of the hierarchy.

TL;DR: In this paper, the eigenvalue, logarithmic least squares, and least squares methods are compared to derive estimates of ratio scales from a positive reciprocal matrix, and the criteria for comparison are the measurement of consistency, dual solutions, and rank preservation.