Showing papers in "Methods in 1995"

TL;DR: The ability of mismatch binding proteins, in particular the Escherichia coli MutS protein, to bind DNA containing mismatched base pairs or one to four unpaired bases makes them ideally suited to use in mutation/polymorphism detection assays.

TL;DR: In this paper, two colorimetric methods are described for the determination of nitric oxide (NO) concentration in neutral aqueous solutions, which take advantage of the fact that nitrosating and oxidizing intermediates are generated in the course of the NO/O2 reaction.

TL;DR: The objective of this article is to outline the methods used in the laboratory to quantify NO−3 and NO−2 in extracellular fluids such as plasma, urine, and/or lymph and to describe two methods that require that No−3 first be reduced to No−2 and then NO−1 determined spectrophotometrically by the Griess reaction.

TL;DR: Methods for a versatile repair synthesis assay are described and Protocols are given for preparing plasmid DNA substrates, preparing whole cell extracts, performing repair synthesis reactions, and analyzing the data obtained.

TL;DR: Methodology for quantitation of nitrite and nitrate, end products of the biological synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine, using bacterial nitrate reductase coupled to the Griess reaction is discussed.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors summarize some kinetic investigations of different reactions involving nitric oxide (NO) that are potentially relevant to biological chemistry and provide a quantitative understanding of possible pathways in which NO may participate.

TL;DR: P19 is a pluripotent stem cell line which can be induced to differentiate along either mesodermal or ectodermal lineages, and foreign DNA sequences can be introduced into P19 cells, thereby opening neuronal function and differentiation to genetic analysis.

TL;DR: In this paper, a simple capillary electrophoresis method which requires very little sample handling and can measure both nitrite and nitrate in a single short run time is presented.

TL;DR: Phage display of antibody fragments provides a convenient format for directed molecular evolution of this biologically important protein architecture and methods have been developed for the mechanism-based selection of catalytic antibodies.

TL;DR: In this paper, a loop of hydrophobic tubing made from microporous polypropylene was passed through a solution containing nitric oxide, and one end of the tubing was connected to the inlet of the Nitric Oxide detector and maintained under vacuum.

TL;DR: The use of electron magnetic resonance (EMR) spectroscopy to detect and quantify the paramagnetic molecule nitric oxide, NO, in model systems, cells, and living organisms is reviewed in this article.

TL;DR: Human immunoadhesins have potential applications in the clinic and may provide an alternative to human monoclonal antibodies as agents that recognize and neutralize foreign or human proteins that possess pathologic functions.

TL;DR: This chapter briefly reviews the biochemistry, physiology, and pathophysiology of NO.

TL;DR: The technique developed in the laboratory to study the frequency and repair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers induced by ultraviolet light in the individual strands of specific DNA sequences establishes the direct correlation between transcription by RNA polymerase II and the preferential repair of an active gene in mammalian cells.

TL;DR: This chapter details the spectrofluorometric methods used in the laboratory to quantity NO generated by several different NO-releasing compounds and by a variety of different cell types in culture.

TL;DR: In this article, the use of electrochemical methods for the detection of various biological substances has provided real-time measurements giving insights into their roles in various physiological functions, such as nitric oxide (NO) plays critical regulatory roles in a variety of physiological processes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a chemiluminescence assay to measure NO in aqueous solutions. But the detection threshold for detection of NO was lower than that of conventional colorimetric assays using the Griess reagent (threshold≈10 − 9 mol).

TL;DR: A method for measuring repair in extracts of human cells of DNA containing mismatched bases is described and permits determination of the efficiency of repair of all single-base mismatches in a variety of sequence contexts as well as repair of substrates containing one or more unpaired bases in either strand.

TL;DR: An HPLC method is developed as a means of confirming the presence of nitrotyrosine and it is shown that peroxynitrite, a nitrating agent formed by the near diffusion-limited reaction of nitric oxide with superoxide, is formed by activated macrophages.

TL;DR: Thyroid C-cell lines offer significant potential as models for cellular and molecular analyses of peptidergic and serotonergic neurons, and the use of these cell lines in examining the role of exogenous factors in neural differentiation and as a source of cDNA for identification of differentially expressed genes is described.

TL;DR: This review describes immunotoxins, molecules that contain an antibody-derived antigen binding region (Fv) coupled to a bacterial toxin, most commonly Diphtheria toxin or Pseudomonas exotoxin.

TL;DR: A cell-free system in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae that supports both nucleotide excision repair (NER) and base excision Repair (BER) in vitro is described and NER and BER detected in this cell- free system apparently reflect the complete repair pathways.

TL;DR: In this article, the vanadium reductor was used for the analysis of nitrate and nitrite in complex sample matrices, such as human fluids, plant material, and food products, without the need for sample pretreatment.

TL;DR: The utility of CD23, CD43, HSA, and other markers to discriminate between B-cell subsets are demonstrated and allow for more precise purification and analysis of these populations.

TL;DR: Peroxynitrite is a relatively long-lived, highly reactive species that can undergo harmful secondary oxidations of key cellular components that is influenced by the presence of metal, thiols, and bicarbonate.

TL;DR: The data presented here show that, in principle, B-1 cells located in the peritoneal cavity may be an important source of precursors for intestinal IgA plasma cells in the mouse.

TL;DR: The GT1 cell lines serve as an excellent model for molecular, pharmacological, electrophysiological, and biochemical investigations into the regulation of GnRH and the characteristics of a pure CNS neuronal population.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the practical significance of NO exposure in term of human cancer risk remains to be established.

TL;DR: The use of the platelet aggregation bioassay for detection of nitric oxide release is reviewed and examples of the potential application of this method to the study of modulators ofNitric oxide synthesis and altered nitricoxide synthesis in disease states are provided.

TL;DR: Data are modeled to provide a conceptual framework as to the generation and differentiation capacity of neuronal cell lines derived by retroviral transduction and show both similar and different physiological properties.