Showing papers in "Microbial Pathogenesis in 2014"

TL;DR: This review is focused on the most promising sortase A inhibitor compounds that are currently in development as leads towards a new class of anti-infective drugs that are urgently needed to help combat the alarming increase in antimicrobial resistance.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that low concentrations of aspirin inhibit quorum sensing of P. aeruginosa as aspirin at sub-MIC did not affect the biofilm or motility of Escherichia coli.

TL;DR: TGF-β1 may play an important role in the inflammatory response and promote the chronic and persistent inflammatory changes in the gastric and may ultimately influence the outcome of H. pylori-associated diseases that arise within the context of gastritis and vacA may suffice to induce expression of TGF- β1 mRNA.

TL;DR: The genetically tractable Dictyostelium discoideum is used as a model organism to study host-pathogen interactions, in particular with the development of several approaches to manipulate its genome that allowed the creation of a wide range of mutated strains largely shared within the Dictysstelium community.

TL;DR: It is shown that TssBRS of R. solanacearum was required for secretion of Hcp, the haemolysin coregulated protein and a hallmark of T6S pathway, and that tSSBRS mutant strain had significantly attenuated its virulence on tomato plants.

TL;DR: Preliminary results on the microbiota of Demodex mites based on a molecular approach showing an unexpected diversity are reported, which should open new perspectives for diagnostic of rosacea.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that pgaC participated in the bile salts induced biofilm formation and was required for K. pneumoniae virulence in vivo.

TL;DR: Water was the source for emerging, community-acquired and health care-associated infection with amoeba-resisting mycobacteria of the Mycobacterium avium, MycOBacterium abscessus and Myc Cobacterium fortuitum groups, among others.

TL;DR: Data indicate that C. albicans HWP1 genotype influences pathogen morphological structure as well as its interaction with microglial cells, while fungal biofilm production results unaffected, thus arguing on its role as virulence factor that directly affects host mediated defences.

TL;DR: The findings revealed that many of the important Arcobacter strains (86%) have these putative virulence genes which can be potential pathogenic properties for humans.

TL;DR: Molecular methods of screening of ticks, extensive use of modern culturomics approach, newly developed artificial media and different cell line cultures may significantly improve knowledge about the ticks as the agents of human and animal pathology.

TL;DR: Investigation of the effect of Betulin on LPS-induced activation of cell lines with relevance for lung inflammation in vitro and on lung inflammation elicited by either LPS or viable Escherichia coli in vivo demonstrated that Betulin inhibits pro-inflammatory responses induced by the gram-negative stimuli LPS and E. coli, suggesting thatBetulin may represent a novel strategy for the treatment of lung inflammation.

TL;DR: This review focuses on major respiratory tract opportunistic bacterial pathogens in order to elucidate the function and regulation of catalases and the importance of the research could lead to the development of novel treatments against respiratory bacterial infections.

TL;DR: This review collates recent information regarding the role of TLR4 and its related signaling molecules with Toxoplasmosis and reports that theTLR4 is a critical innate immune cell receptor in toxoplasma detection and subsequently activates immune responses using either MYD88 or TRIF pathways.

TL;DR: Tongue diagnosis may provide important leads towards novel microbiome-related diagnostic tools and tongue coating microbiome may be a novel biomarker for characterizing patient with colorectal cancer.

TL;DR: Arcobacter butzleri isolates were able to survive intracellularly in Caco-2 cells and to induce a significant up-regulation of interleukin-8 secretion and structural cell rearrangements, which brings new insights on A. butZleri virulence and highlights its pathogenic potential.

TL;DR: LdHMGR is explored as a potential drug target for the development of novel antileishmanial agents and thermal denaturation studies showed extreme stability of the enzyme with 60% helical structure retained at 90 °C.

TL;DR: Zinc supplementation triggers a dual P. aeruginosa response that exacerbates pathogenicity by a CzcRS two-component system-dependent mechanism and stimulates biofilm formation by a Zn-independent mechanism, which results in increased resistance to carbapenems.

TL;DR: This study showed the first description of the GES-type β-lactamase in A. baumannii in Tunisia, andalyses of the genetic location indicated that the blaGES-11 gene was plasmid located (Gr6) but the blAOxA-23 gene was located on the chromosome.

TL;DR: In this paper, an FHA-like outer membrane (OM) adhesin of Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC19606T was displayed on Escherichia coli.

TL;DR: The role of various intracellular events in viral infections with special emphasis on Dengue virus infection is summed up and increased virus load and apoptosis of host cell may have pathological effects on the host.

TL;DR: All clinical and environmental S. maltophilia strains presented comparable distribution of so far identified potential virulence genes, regardless to their virulence potential against amoebae.

TL;DR: Genetic algorithm-artificial neural network and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system models were used to predict the effect of annatto dye on Salmonella enteritidis in mayonnaise and results showed that theannatto dye was able to reduce of S. enteritidis and its effect was stronger at 25°C than 4°C.

TL;DR: The results showed that the PRRSV positive rate was 32.54% over the last four years, that there are two main subgenotypes in Southern China, and that the dominant strain is HP-PRRSV.

TL;DR: This is the first report on molecular identification of FSSC strains isolated from potato tubers in Iran and Fusarium falciforme was reported for the first time in Iran.

TL;DR: In vitro bioassay showed that Paecilomyces lilacinus 6029 culture filtrate from Karanja cake medium killed 100% Meloidogyne incognita larvae while only 78.28% mortality was recorded by Czapeck-Dox Filtrate within 12 h of exposure.

TL;DR: It is reported that in shallow culture growth conditions, there is virtual depletion of dissolved oxygen after 2.5 h of growth, and ToxT activity is enhanced by bicarbonate, which may explain CT expression at the molecular level because CT production relies on a regulatory cascade, in which the key regulator AphB may be activated by anaerobiosis and by low pH.

TL;DR: It is found that lack of a respiration-linked sodium-translocating NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Na(+)-NQR) significantly increases toxT transcription and decreased CT production in the nqrA-F mutant is dependent on electron transport chain (ETC) activity, which is independent of toxT and ctxB transcription.

TL;DR: Focusing on the activation states of immune cells may provide new evidences and strategies for determining immune status of HBV infectors, monitoring progression of diseases and predicting efficacy of antiviral treatment.

TL;DR: It is suggested that significant outer-membrane perturbations are able to promote transcription of important EHEC adherence factors and reduce adherence to cultured HT-29 colonic epithelial cells.