Showing papers in "Microbiological Research in 1996"

TL;DR: This review summarizes the latest advances in understanding host-pathogen interactions in CF with an emphasis on the role and control of conversion to mucoidy in P. aeruginosa and B. cepacia.

TL;DR: In this review, the practice of polyphasic taxonomy is discussed for four groups of bacteria chosen for their relevance, complexity, or both: the genera Xanthomonas and Campylobacter, the lactic acid bacteria, and the family Comamonadaceae.

TL;DR: It is completely unclear how important microbial diversity is for the control of trace gas flux at the ecosystem level, and different microbial communities may be part of the reason for differences in trace gas metabolism, e.g., effects of nitrogen fertilizers on CH4 uptake by soil; decrease of CH4 production with decreasing temperature.

TL;DR: Progress in the understanding of several biological processes promises to broaden the usefulness of Escherichia coli as a tool for gene expression and the remarkable increase in the availability of fusion partners offers a wide range of tools for improved protein folding, solubility, protection from proteases, yield, and secretion into the culture medium.

TL;DR: Whether the normal physiological role of the multidrug efflux systems is to protect the cell from toxic compounds or whether they fulfil primary functions unrelated to drug resistance and only efflux multiple drugs fortuitously or opportunistically is discussed.

TL;DR: Flow cytometry is a technique, which allows one to analyze cells rapidly and individually and permits the quantitative analysis of microbial heterogeneity, and offers many advantages over conventional measurements for both routine and more exploratory analyses of microbial properties.

TL;DR: This chapter discusses the role of biosurfactants and polymeric SACs in the regulation of bacterial adhesion and death in the context of face-to-face contact sports medicine.

TL;DR: Because of their similarity to rarer translational errors, programmed frameshift sites provide a tool with which to probe the mechanism of frame maintenance.

TL;DR: Artemisinin and its derivatives are endoperoxide-containing compounds which represent a promising new class of antimalarial drugs that show promise both as first-line agents and in the treatment of severe disease.

TL;DR: The role of Shiga-like toxin I in bacterial enteritis: comparison between isogenic Esch- erichia coli strains induced in rabbits and new live attenuated chol- era vaccines is compared.

TL;DR: Manipulation of the GI gene by site-directed mutagenesis holds promise that a GI suitable for biotechnological applications will be produced in the foreseeable future.

TL;DR: It is suggested that bioremediation should now take its place among the many techniques available for the treatment of oil spills, although there is still a clear need to set operational limits for its use.

TL;DR: It is proposed that modulins, by controlling the host immune and inflammatory responses, maintain the large commensal flora that all multicellular organisms support.

TL;DR: A meta-analyses of Fimbriae, Flagella, and Glycocalyx, as well as genetic Approaches to the Study of Xenorhabdus and PhotorhabDus spp, show clear trends in pathogenicity, gene recognition, and antibiotic resistance.

TL;DR: By using in vitro translation systems, two distinct families of IRES elements which have very different predicted RNA secondary structures have been defined, and evidence has been obtained for a functional role of their interaction withIRES elements.

TL;DR: The review of the metabolic pathways of pyridines and aza-arenes showed that biodegradation of heterocyclic aromatic compounds occurs under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions and indicated that different organisms are using different pathways to biotransform a substrate.

TL;DR: Centro di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, and Departamento de Biologyia, Faculdad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico.

TL;DR: This work states that there is no correlation between mRNA length and stability, and rare codons are not general determinants of mRNA stability, but specific upstream elements partially block nonsense codon-mediated decay.

TL;DR: The regulation of phosphatidic acid and CDP-diacylglycerol synthesis in other FUNGI and the regulation of PHOSPHOLIPID BIOSYNTHESIS in Other FUNGI are discussed.

TL;DR: The author revealed that Gag makes Decapitated Decoys to Distract the SKI1/XRN1 Exoribonuclease, and Gag-Pol Fusion Protein Formed by a 21 Ribosomal Frameshift is a target of antiviral drugs.

TL;DR: Genetic studies indicate that the nascent, leader-encoded peptide is the selector of the site of ribosome stalling in leader mRNA by cis interference with translation, leading to the prediction that this activity is the basis for stall site selection in vitro.

TL;DR: The recognition of B. catarrhalis as an important human pathogen has stimulated research on the epidemiology and surface structures of the bacterium, and future studies to understand the mechanisms of infection and to elucidate the human immune response to infection hold promise.

TL;DR: A comparison study of Ether Cleavage Systems using data from Y2K and Y2M to evaluate the efficiency and efficiency of these systems against known barriers, such as high temperatures and high pressures.

TL;DR: All of the isolates showed an antifungal activity against different phytopathogenic fungi in vitro but the efficiency of strains was different and the mechanisms were specific for each isolate.

TL;DR: The disease incidence of several plant pathogens could be reduced in greenhouse by the rhizobacterium significantly and direct antifungal effect may be based on antibiosis and production of lytic enzymes.

TL;DR: This review summarizes work done by several investigators demonstrating the profound biological effects of envelope glycoproteins of HIV-1 on immune system cells, which include effects on differentiation of CD34+ lymphoid progenitor cells and thymocytes, aberrant activation and cytokine secretion patterns of mature T cells, induction of apoptosis, B-cell hyperactivity, inhibition of T-cell dependent B-cells, and effects on neuronal cells.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the functional separation of the plasma membrane from the nucleus-endoplasmic reticulum system during evolution required a sorting compartment, which became the Golgi apparatus, which was adapted to the various needs of the different organisms.

TL;DR: This chapter discusses the development of a network that regulates cell type specialization and the role that networks play in that specialization.

TL;DR: The impact of Th-cell activation and general immune activation on human retrovirus expression with a focus upon Th- cell function and the progression to disease is discussed.