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Showing papers in "Nature in 1893"


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1893-Nature
TL;DR: The theory of functions is the basis on which the whole of pure mathematics which deals with continuously varying quantity rests as mentioned in this paper, and the answer would not be too wide nor would it always imply too much.
Abstract: WHAT is the theory of functions about? This question may be heard now and again from a mathematical student; and if, by way of a pattial reply, it be said that the elements of the theory of functions forms the basis on which the whole of that part of pure mathematics which deals with continuously varying quantity rests, the answer would not be too wide nor would it always imply too much. Theory of Functions of a Complex Variable. By Dr. A. R. Forsyth. (Cambridge University Press, 1893.)

491 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 1893-Nature
TL;DR: Englemann et al. as mentioned in this paper showed that the properties of gases and surface tension can be explained in terms of the idea of molecule deduced in ways such as these physical properties are explained.
Abstract: THE conception of molecule is essential in explaining the phenomena of both chemistry and physics. Porosity and compressibility point to the conclusion that matter does not entirely fill space, to account for the dispersion of light requires that matter should have a grained structure; these and countless other physical facts find an explanation in the conception of molecule. Moreover, from various observations, more especially on the properties of gases and the phenomena of surface tension, the size of molecules can be approximately calculated, and in terms of the idea of molecule deduced in ways such as these physical properties are explained. Lehrbuch der Allgemeinen Chemie. Von Dr. Wilhelm Ostwald. Band 1. 1891, Band II. Theil 1. 1893. Zweite Auflage. (Leipzig: Wilhelm Englemann.)

327 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1893-Nature
TL;DR: With these modifications, the authors see no reason why, with two supplementary volumes to contain all the Ascomycetes the five volumes might not be accepted as a fair approximation to a “British Fungus Flora.”
Abstract: IT was originally estimated that this work would be completed in three volumes, but, as we pointed out in our first notice, this was practically impossible. A notice now accompanies the third volume, to the effect that a supplementary volume will speedily be published in conclusion of the work. The second volume continues the Hymenomycetes, which occupy 268 pages also of the third volume, so that two and a half volumes are occupied by the Hymenomycetes, leaving 220 pages for the Hyphomycetes, which bring the third volume to a close. It is only necessary to enumerate the remaining orders to appreciate the difficulty of completing even with a fourth volume. There are all the Ascomycetes, which occupied in Cooke's “Handbook” an equal number of pages to the Hymenomycetes; and supposing the increase to have been in the same ratio, it may be conjectured that this order (including the Discomycetes) cannot be compressed into less than two volumes. For all that remains afterwards, there will not be so much necessity. There would be the Sphaeropsideae and Melanconieae, which are of minor interest, although numbering perhaps 700 species. The Phycomyceteae, which have recently been the subject of a volume, by the same author, as “British Fungi, Phycomycetes, and Ustilagineae.” Hence they may be dispensed with. The Uredineae, which, with the Ustilagineae, formed a volume by C. B. Plowright in 1889, have had so few accessions that a revision is not imperative. The Myxomycetes, which occupied a monograph by G. Massee in 1892, is all-sufficient. As to the Saccharomycetes and the Schisomycetes, the little volume by W. B. Grove, dated 1884, would furnish an introduction, and would be fairly complete to that date, in genera and species. With these modifications, we see no reason why, with two supplementary volumes to contain all the Ascomycetes the five volumes might not be accepted as a fair approximation to a “British Fungus Flora.” British Fungus Flora; a Classified Text-book of Mycology. By George Massee. Vols II. and III. (London: Geo. Bell and Sons, 1893.)

155 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jul 1893-Nature
TL;DR: The Great Barrier Reef of Australia; its Products and Potentialities, illustrated by W. H. Allen and W. Saville-Kent as discussed by the authors, is a semi-scientific work with a wealth of plates.
Abstract: THE first thought that strikes one in glancing through this magnificently illustrated volume is the diligence and skill of the author in photography and the enterprise of the publisher. Never before has a semi-scientific work been illustrated with such a wealth of plates. The illustrations will go far towards giving a realistic impression of some of the beauties of coral seas to the untravelled, and will awaken many recollections of happy hours of exciting shore collecting in those who have waded on coral reefs and peered over a boat-side at the edge of a reef. The Great Barrier Reef of Australia; its Products and Potentialities. By W. Saville-Kent 387 pp., 64 pis. (London: W. H. Allen and Co., Limited.)

52 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
28 Dec 1893-Nature
TL;DR: The present report includes statistical studies of the epidemic of 1890, an account of the recent epidemics in England and Wales, a history of influenza abroad in 1891 and 1892, considerations respecting the ætiology of the disease, and notes on some clinical features of the later epidemics.
Abstract: THE present report, a welcome supplement to the epoch-making report on the epidemic of 1889-90, is divided into eight parts, the first seven by Dr. Parsons, and the last one by Dr. Klein. It includes statistical studies of the epidemic of 1890, an account of the recent epidemics in England and Wales, a history of influenza abroad in 1891 and 1892, considerations respecting the ætiology of the disease, notes on some clinical features of the later epidemics, reports on outbreaks in institutions, &c., remarks on the prophylaxis of the disease, and, in Dr. Klein's department, a report on influenza in its clinical and pathological aspects, to which photographic plates are appended exhibiting influenza bacilli.

49 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1893-Nature
TL;DR: In this article, a method for measuring the relative contamination of an anomalous water-surface in my adjustable trough without fearing an error caused by incomplete separation of the surfaces by the partition is proposed.
Abstract: IN a recent paper (NATURE, vol. xlvi., p. 419) I have suggested a method for measuring the relative contamination of an anomalous water-surface in my adjustable trough without fearing an error caused by incomplete separation of the surfaces by the partition. It consists in observing not the displacement of the partition itself, but that of a floating wire laid across the surface, which follows every motion of the superficial water particles.

34 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 1893-Nature
TL;DR: In this paper, Ewing has brought together matter which was, before to be found only in the journals of learned societies, and he has also given a full account of his own researches in magnetism.
Abstract: IN this admirable book Prof. Ewing has brought together matter which was, before to be found only in the journals of learned societies, and he has also given a full account of his own researches in magnetism. The book is written in a lucid style, and is supplied with numerous references to original papers. Magnetic Induction in Iron and other Metals. By J. A. Ewing (London: Electrician Office.)

25 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
03 Aug 1893-Nature
TL;DR: Boulenger, the author of the catalogues of Batrachia and of the Lizards, Tortoises, Rhynchocephalians and Crocodiles, amongst the Reptilia, commences the description of the only order of living reptiles not hitherto treated by him in the octavo series of British Museum Catalogues as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: IN the present volume Mr. Boulenger,the author of the Catalogues of Batrachia, and of the Lizards, Tortoises, Rhynchocephalians and Crocodiles, amongst the Reptilia, commences the description of the only order of living reptiles not hitherto treated by him in the octavo series of British Museum Catalogues. Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. I. By George Albert Boulenger. (London: 1893.)

24 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 1893-Nature
TL;DR: In this article, a generalized form of the probability curve which fits with a great degree of accuracy such curves, and propose to discuss it at length shortly, has been obtained, although not with the completeness of the referred to continuous curve.
Abstract: SOME six years ago (September 1, 1887) Dr. Venn wrote to you pointing out the asymmetrical character of certain frequency curves occurring in physical and biological measurements. I have recently obtained a generalized form of the probability curve which fits with a great degree of accuracy such curves, and propose to discuss it at length shortly. Meanwhile I wish to point out that an asymmetrical point binomial may be readily fitted to such curves, although not with the completeness of the above referred to continuous curve. Let n be the number of events in a group, p the probability for single event, and q that against it; let c be the horizontal space selected as the basis of each rectangle forming the point binomial, and let a be the total area. Then we have the following diagram given by the point system:

21 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1893-Nature
TL;DR: In No. 423 of the Zoologische Anzeiger (1893) I ventured to propose a new classification of the Tracheata, including under this heading those Arthropoda that are usually known as myriopods and insects, but it appears that I fell into error in referring the Symphyla to this category.
Abstract: IN No. 423 of the Zoologische Anzeiger (1893) I ventured to propose a new classification of the Tracheata, including under this heading those Arthropoda that are usually known as myriopods and insects. The principal changes suggested were the abolition of the name Myriopoda as indicating an unnatural assemblage of beings and the union of the Chilopoda, Symphyla, and Hexapoda in a division (Opisthogoneata), which was based upon the situation of the generative apertures at the hinder end of the body. But in referring the Symphyla to this category by adopting the assertions of Menge and Latzel respecting the position of the orifices in question, it appears that I fell into error; for Dr. Erich Haase has kindly written to me from Bangkok, with the information that by means of a series of transverse sections he was able, although with considerable difficulty, to confirm Grassi's statement to the effect that the generative apertures in Scolopendrella are situated upon the fourth body-segment. This genus is therefore progoneate, like the Diplopoda and Pauropoda; but whether it should be ranged with these two classes, or occupy an independent position between the Progoneata and Opisthogoneata, is a question for future discussion.

19 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1893-Nature
TL;DR: In this paper, the habits of two species of living scorpions, Parabuthus capensis and Euscorpius carpathicus, which I was fortunate enough to keep for some months in captivity.
Abstract: THE literature which treats of the habits of living scorpions is not voluminous, but it labours under the disadvantages of being based largely upon undetermined species, and of being often of questionable trustworthiness with regard to the statements that are made. Even accounts that have been given of late years of the same species of scorpion differ widely as to facts of no small importance. Mons. L. Becker, for instance, asserts that the senses of hearing and seeing are highly developed in Prionurus australis, the thick-tailed yellow scorpion of Algeria and Egypt; Prof. Lankester, on the contrary, declares exactly the opposite to be the case. Discrepancies such as these and the deficiencies above mentioned show the need for fresh observations upon the subject, and no further excuse need be offered for publishing the following notes upon the habits of some specimens of two species of scorpions, Parabuthus capensis and Euscorpius carpathicus, which I was fortunate enough to keep for some months in captivity.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 1893-Nature
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the problem of removing the quaternion from the masterful position it has so long usurped, whereby the diffusion of vector analysis has been so lamentably impeded.
Abstract: HAVING a vivid recollection of the pleasure I derived born Prof. Gibbs's attacks upon the quaternionic system in the rather one-sided discussion that took place about two years ago in this journal, I have delayed replying to the letters of Profs. MacAulay and Tait, from an expectation that Prof. Gibbs would have something to say. In this I have not been mistaken; and, as there is a general agreement between us on the whole, I have merely to add some supplementary remarks. Prof. MacAulay refers to me as having raised the question again. I can assure him it has never been dropped. Apart from the one-sided discussion, it has been a live question with Prof. Gibbs and myself since about 1882, and is now more alive than ever. I cannot help thinking that Prof. MacAulay's letter was overhastily written, and feel sure that if he knew as much about the views and methods of those to whom he appeals as he does about Quaternions, he would have written it somewhat differently, or perhaps not have written it at all, from a conviction of the uselessness of his appeal. There is no question of suicide with us on the contrary, quite the reverse. I am asked whether the “spoonfeeding,” as he terms it, of Maxwell, Fitzgerald, c here, again, is the root of the evil. As regards a uniformity of notation amongst antiquaternionists, I dare say that will come in time, but the proposal is premature. We have fist to get people to study the matter and think about it. I have developed my system, such as it is, quite independently of Prof. Gibbs. Nevertheless, I would willingly adopt his notation (as I have adopted his dyadical notion of the linear operator) if I found it better. But I do not. I have been particularly careful in my notation to harmonise as closely as possible with ordinary mathematical ideas, processes, and notation; I do not think Gibbs has succeeded so well. But that matters little now; the really important thing is to depose the quaternion from the masterful position it has so long usurped, whereby the diffusion of vector analysis has been so lamentably impeded. I have been, until lately, very tender and merciful towards quaternionic fads, thinking it possible that Prof. Tait might modify his obstructive attitude. But there is seemingly no chance of that. Whether this be so or not, I think it is practically certain that there is no chance whatever for Quaternions as a practical system of mathematics for the use of physicists. How is it possible, when it is so utterly discordant with physical notions, besides being at variance with common mathematics? A vector is not a quaternion; it never was, and never will be, and its square is not negative; the supposed proofs are perfectly rotten at the core. Vector-analysis should have a purely vectorial basis, and the quaternion will then, if wanted at all, merely come in as an occasional auxiliary, as a special kind of operator. It is to Prof. Tait's devotion to his master that we should look for the reason of the little progress made in the last 20 years in spreading vector-analysis.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 1893-Nature
TL;DR: In this article, a description of the research laboratory provided to accommodate six and twenty skilled chemists, attached to the works of the Farbenfabriken, vormals F. Bayer and Co., of Elberfeld, who are manufacturers of dye-stuffs and other products derivable from tars.
Abstract: RECENTLY,when giving evidence before the Gresham University Commission, I had occasion to speak of the attention devoted in German chemical laboratories to higher studies, and when asked what were the results of this instruction I drew attention to an article published a short time before in that most enterprising of chemical periodicals, the Chemiker-Zeitung, edited by Dr. Krause. In this article a description is given of the research laboratory provided to accommodate six and twenty skilled chemists, attached to the works of the Farbenfabriken, vormals F. Bayer and Co., of Elberfeld, who are manufacturers of dye-stuffs and other products derivable from tars. I told the Commissioners that if, at the present time, it were desired to fit up a research laboratory for chemical purposes in London, we could not do better than take these plans and reproduce them in their entirety, and that we should then, I believed, have reason to congratulate ourselves on possessing the best-appointed public research olaboratory in the world.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 1893-Nature
TL;DR: Flammarion as mentioned in this paper gave a very excellent and complete summary of the observations of the planet Mars, made between the epochs 1636-1890, compiled by the distinguished French astronomer, Monsieur Camille Flammarion.
Abstract: IN the year 1893 we had the great pleasure of giving our readers some account (vol. xlvii., p. 553) of the very excellent and complete summary of the observations of the planet Mars, made between the epochs 1636–1890, compiled by the distinguished French astronomer, Monsieur Camille Flammarion. This work, containing no fewer than 604 pages, presented us with a most interesting survey of the progress made in enumerating and deciphering the markings observed on the planet's surface. It commenced with the earliest known observation of the planet, namely, that of the Neapolitan astronomer Fontana, on August 24, 1638, who wrote:— La Planete Mars et ses Conditions d'Habitabilite. By Camille Flammarion. Tome ii., Observations faites de 1890 a 1901. Pp. 604. (Paris: Gauthier Villars, 1909.) Price 12 francs.

Journal ArticleDOI
09 Feb 1893-Nature
TL;DR: The theory of substitutions abstractly considered is concerned with the enumeration and classification of the permutations of a set of n different letters x1, x2, …., xn.
Abstract: THE theory of substitutions abstractly considered is concerned with the enumeration and classification of the permutations of a set of n different letters x1, x2, …., xn. It is scarcely apparent at first sight that a far-reaching mathematical theory could be built on a basis so simple, still less that there should be any connection between this and the complicated question of the solution of algebraical equations by means of radicals. It may be worth while, in order to excite the interest of mathematical readers in the work before us, to mention one or two points in the Theory of Substitutions which will give an inkling of the nature of its connection with the interesting problem just mentioned. The Theory of Substitutions and its Applications to Algebra. By Dr. Eugen Netto. Translated by F. N. Cole, Ph.D. (Mich.: Ann Arbor, 1892.)

Journal ArticleDOI
16 Nov 1893-Nature
TL;DR: Light-waves are now the most convenient and universally employed means the authors possess for making accurate measurements, and it can readily be shown that this high degree of accuracy is especially due to the extreme minuteness of these waves.
Abstract: EVERY accurate measurement of a physical quantity depends ultimately upon a measurement of length or of angle; and it will readily be admitted that no effort should be spared to make it possible to attain the utmost limit of precision in these fundamental quantities. At present, lengths are measured by the microscope, and angles by the telescope; and the extraordinary degree of accuracy already attained by the use of these instruments depends entirely on the properties of their optical parts in their relation to light-waves; so that, in fact, light-waves are now the most convenient and universally employed means we possess for making accurate measurements. It can readily be shown that this high degree of accuracy is especially due to the extreme minuteness of these waves.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 1893-Nature
TL;DR: I quote from the second volume of this treatise on Analytical Statics, p. 17, the following note:—
Abstract: MR. E. J. ROUTH has lately published a most valuable “Treatise on Analytical Statics.” I quote from the second volume, p. 17, the following note:—

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Dec 1893-Nature
TL;DR: In this article, the idea of the arrangement of atoms in space, which is looked upon as quite a modern one, is clearly put forth by Wollaston in his paper entitled “On Super-Acid and Sub-acid Salts” (Phil. Trans, vol. xcviii. 1808, pp 96-102).
Abstract: IT may be of interest to your readers to know that the idea of the arrangement of atoms in space, which is looked upon as quite a modern one, is clearly put forth by Wollaston in his paper entitled “On Super-Acid and Sub-Acid Salts” (Phil. Trans, vol. xcviii. 1808, pp. 96–102).

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 1893-Nature
TL;DR: The first volume of Routh's work on analytical statics was reviewed in NATURE, June 16, 1892 as discussed by the authors, which contains, in three long Sections or Books, the subjects of Attraction, Bending of Rods and Astatics, left over from Vol. I.
Abstract: THIS volume finishes Dr. Routh's work on the subject of analytical statics, the first volume of which was reviewed in NATURE, June 16, 1892. It contains, in three long Sections or Books, the subjects of Attraction, Bending of Rods, and Astatics, left over from Vol. I. A Treatise on Analytical Statics. With numerous Examples. Vol. II. By Edward John Routh. (Cambridge: at the University Press, 1892.)

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 1893-Nature
TL;DR: The first earthquake instrument ever invented, a drawing of which is shown on the wall, is in all probability that of Chōkô, dating from the year A.D. 132 as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: THE first earthquake instrument ever invented, a drawing of which is shown on the wall, is in all probability that of Chōkô, dating from the year A.D. 132. The first instrument used for keeping systematic records in Japan was Palmieri's modification of the contrivance sketched out by the late Robert Mallet. Since this not only have all forms of seismographs and seismoscopes employed in Europe and America been employed, but many special forms have been designed in Japan, with the result that rather than Japan borrowing from Europe and America, these countries are using inventions which had their origin in Japan. A few of these instruments are exhibited in this laboratory. The main feature in their construction is that they all work from “steady points,” and for small earthquakes at least, we can say with confidence that the diagrams they yield are absolute measurements of the earth's motion. From diagrams written on stationary plates we know the extent and the direction of the principal vibrations in a shock, but when the movements are recorded on a moving surface, we know the period or the rapidity with which the movements follow each other. From these latter diagrams the acceleration or suddenness of movements may be calculated, and the factors given to engineers enabling them to construct to resist known forces, rather than stuiply building strongly because an earthquake is strong.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 1893-Nature
TL;DR: CUNNINGHAM's notion as to what constitutes "a fact" would appear from his letter published in your issue of March 9 to be peculiar as discussed by the authors, and it is of course only through inadvertence that he declares a mere supposition to be a fact, and states that I have "overlooked" it.
Abstract: MR. CUNNINGHAM's notion as to what constitutes “a fact” would appear from his letter published in your issue of March 9 to be peculiar. It is of course only through inadvertence that he declares a mere supposition to be a fact, and states that I have “overlooked” it. His words are “he (Prof. Lankester) has overlooked the fact that blind cave-animals are born or hatched at the present day with well developed eyes.” Further on he proceeds to state that no such fact is known or recorded, but that he is “quite confident” that the young of blind cave-animals have well developed eyes.

Journal ArticleDOI
12 Jan 1893-Nature
TL;DR: Lubbock as discussed by the authors gave the details upon which his inferences have been founded and published a contribution to our knowledge of seedlings, which was modestly styled a "contribution" and contained 684 figures in text.
Abstract: SEEDS and seedlings have occupied the attention of Sir John Lubbock for a somewhat lengthened period. They have formed the subject of various communications, on his part, to the Journal of the Linnean Society and other publications. In the present volumes, modestly styled a “contribution,” he gives us the details upon which his inferences have been founded. A Contribution to our Knowledge of Seedlings. By the Right Hon. Sir John Lubbock, with 684 figures in text. In two volumes. (London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner and Co., Ltd., 1892.)

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1893-Nature
TL;DR: A transcript of Captain Cook's journal of the voyage of the Endeavour, which was undertaken chiefly for the purpose of observing the transit of Venus across the sun's disk, and which led to the founding of the Australian Colonies by Great Britain this paper.
Abstract: CAPTAIN WHARTON has rendered excellent service to naval and colonial history, and to geographical science, by editing a transcript of Captain Cook's journal of the voyage of the Endeavour, which was undertaken chiefly for the purpose of observing the transit of Venus across the sun's disk, and which led to the founding of the Australian Colonies by Great Britain As is well known, the published accounts of that voyage are two, and neither of them satisfactory. The only very complete one is that compiled by Dr. Hawkesworth, from the journals of Cook, and of Mr. (afterwards Sir Joseph) Banks, who accompanied the great navigator as a volunteer, taking with him an eminent scientific man, Dr. Solander, a pupil of Linne, two artists, and servants, all of his own providing. The other is a brief and defective journal kept by Mr. Parkinson, one of Banks's artists, who died before the expedition reached England. It contains rude illustrations of the scenery and peoples of the Pacific Islands, which, if faithful reproductions of the originals (which I doubt), would show that his artistic powers were contemptible. Parkinson's narrative, which was edited by his brother, was published surreptitiously. It was suppressed by authority, and is, happily, not frequently met with. Captain Cook's Journal during his First Voyage round the World, made in H.M. Bark “Endeavour,” 1768–1781. A literal transcription of the original MSS., with notes and introduction. Edited by Captain W. J. L. Wharton, Hydrographer of the Admiralty. Illustrated by maps and facsimiles. (London: Elliot Stock, 62, Paternoster Row, 1893.)

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1893-Nature
TL;DR: A Manual of Dyeing: for the use of Practical Dyers, Manufacturers, Students, and all interested in the art of dyeing as discussed by the authors is a substantial contribution to an important branch of technology, and the authors have succeeded fairly well in meeting the requirements of the various classes of readers for whose use the work has been written.
Abstract: THE present work consists of three volumes, two of letterpress, interspersed with illustrations of plant, which run to over 900 pages, and a third volume containing specimens of dyed fabrics. It is a substantial contribution to an important branch of technology, and the authors have succeeded fairly well in meeting the requirements of the various classes of readers for whose use the work has been written. The first general impression produced on looking through the volumes is one of satisfaction that the subject is handled in a more scientific way than has hitherto been the case in such works. The only feeling of disappointment to which the consideration of the book gives rise is in no way attributable to the authors, but is due to the circumstance that so little is known about the scientific relationship between a colouring-matter and the fabric which is dyed thereby. All that is known about the theory of dyeing is ably stated in the introductory chapter, and one of the authors (Dr. Knecht) has himself made some very interesting investigations in this field. But, in spite of all that has been written, the subject of dyeing has still to be taught as an art rather than as a science. The centres of the tinctorial industry in this country, such as Leeds, Manchester, Bradford, and Huddersfield, are now provided with Technical Schools, in which the dyeing department is made a special feature. If we might venture to offer a word of advice to those who are providing for this industry, it is that adequate provision should be made for the scientific side of the subject by the equipment of laboratories and the appointment of competent specialists for carrying on original investigation in connection with dyeing. The dyeing departments in those schools which we have had the opportunity of visiting are admirably equipped for instruction in the principles of the art, but the instructor has to devote so much time to this part of the work, and the students who attend are, as a rule, so ill-prepared in general scientific training that the instruction given cannot rise much above that handicraft level against which the writer has had so frequently to protest in connection with other branches of technology. Till this defect is remedied, the results achieved by our technical schools will not be commensurate with the endowment bestowed upon their equipment. A Manual of Dyeing: for the use of Practical Dyers, Manufacturers, Students, and all interested in the Art of Dyeing. By Edmund Knecht Christopher Rawson Richard Loewenthal (London: Charles Griffin and Co., 1893.)

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Sep 1893-Nature
TL;DR: In this article, George M. Minchin has provided a very useful service in providing a treatise of a convenient size for purposes of instruction on Hydrostatics and Elementary Hydrokinetics.
Abstract: A WORK on this subject which should incorporate the latest developments has long been wanted; and Prof. Minchin has performed a very useful service in providing a treatise of a convenient size for purposes of instruction. Hydrostatics and Elementary Hydrokinetics. By George M. Minchin, Professor of Applied Mathematics in the Royal Indian Engineering College, Coopers Hill. (Oxford: at the Clarendon Press, 1892.)

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 1893-Nature
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors give to such faults an importance which they would not otherwise possess, and make some reply from me necessary, if I would not discredit the cause of non-quaternionic vector analysis.
Abstract: IN a paper by Prof. C. G. Knott on “Recent Innovations in Vector Theory,” of which an abstract has been given in NATURE (vol. xlvii. pp. 590–593; see also a minor abstract on p. 287), the doctrine that the quaternion affords the only sufficient and proper basis for vector analysis is maintained by arguments based so largely on the faults and deficiencies which the author has found in my pamphlet, “Elements of Vector Analysis,” as to give to such faults an importance which they would not otherwise possess, and to make some reply from me necessary, if I would not discredit the cause of non-quaternionic vector analysis. Especially is this true in view of the warm commendation and endorsement of the paper, by Prof. Tait, which appeared in NATURE somewhat earlier (p. 225).

Journal ArticleDOI
19 Oct 1893-Nature
TL;DR: In this paper, the ice and snow crystals photographed and described by me1 may be referred to as the following types of types of crystalline structures: icicles, snow crystals, and snow flakes.
Abstract: THE ice and snow crystals photographed and described by me1 may be referred to the following types.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 1893-Nature
TL;DR: In this paper, the grouping of stars into constellations was discussed and the last two questions were answered, which the limited knowledge of an Oriental may partly meet, hoping thereby to interest some of your readers.
Abstract: WITH regard to the questions asked by “M. A. B.” about the grouping of stars into constellations (NATURE, August 17), I venture to answer the last two, which the limited knowledge of an Oriental may partly meet, hoping thereby to interest some of your readers.

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 1893-Nature
TL;DR: A Handbook on the Steam Engine by Herman Haeder as discussed by the authors is an excellent book for all who are interested in the construction and design of medium-sized stationary engines, and it should be in the hands of all who want to know more about the history of steam engines.
Abstract: THIS is an excellent book, and should be in the hands of all who are interested in the construction and design of medium-sized stationary engines. A Handbook on the Steam Engine. By Herman Haeder. English Edition. Translated, with considerable additions and alterations, by H. H. F. Fowles. Assoc.M.Inst.C.E. (London: Crosby Lock-wood and Sons, 1893.)

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 1893-Nature
TL;DR: In this article, Butschli's recently published work "Mikroskopische Schaume und das Protoplasma" is reviewed in NATURE, No. 1251, and the author refers to his own and his colleague Prof. Quincke's work, and states his indebtedness to the latter's investigation upon physical emulsions, but accuses him of having adopted his own view as to the structure of protoplasm, and that without acknowledgment.
Abstract: I REVIEWED in NATURE, No. 1251, Prof. Butschli's recently published work “Mikroskopische Schaume und das Protoplasma.” The book is distinctly polemical, and on pages 5 and 6 the author refers to his own, and his colleague Prof. Quincke's work, and states his indebtedness to the latter's investigation upon physical emulsions, but accuses him of having adopted his own view as to the structure of protoplasm, and that without acknowledgment.