Showing papers in "Nature in 1966"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported that the resulting densities in the lower mantle are in good agreement with shock-wave measurements on rocks having FeO contents in the range 10 ± 2% by weight.
Abstract: RECENTLY, Birch1 reported data on the density and composition of the mantle and core. He wrote: “The resulting densities in the lower mantle are found to be in good agreement with shock-wave measurements on rocks having FeO contents in the range 10 ± 2% by weight … except for iron oxide, the chemical composition of the mantle is indeterminate. The density of the outer core is lower than that of iron by about 10%”.
2,659 citations
TL;DR: It appears timely to point out that transport contingent on a chemical reaction can be understood in terms of a very simple molecular model, for which a noteworthy precedent can be found among recent crystal structure determinations.
Abstract: THE list of plausible hypothetical schemes which have been advanced to account for active transport is so long that any hope of extending it might appear unwarranted. However, very few specific molecular mechanisms have been considered. It therefore appears timely to point out that transport contingent on a chemical reaction can be understood in terms of a very simple molecular model, for which a noteworthy precedent can be found among recent crystal structure determinations.
1,167 citations
932 citations
TL;DR: Electrophoretic Mobilities of Peptides on Paper and their Use in the Determination of Amide Groups and their use in the determination of amide groups are studied.
Abstract: Electrophoretic Mobilities of Peptides on Paper and their Use in the Determination of Amide Groups
810 citations
797 citations
TL;DR: A method for assaying long pieces of single stranded DNA in order to facilitate the detection of a small number of breaks in single strands induced by X-rays to study X-ray damage to bacterial DNA.
Abstract: Reconstruction in vivo of Irradiated Escherichia coli Deoxyribonucleic Acid; the Rejoining of Broken Pieces
700 citations
TL;DR: Find loads of the the evolution of primate societies book catalogues in this site as the choice of you visiting this page.
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601 citations
492 citations
TL;DR: It is found that perfusion of the heart with sodium citrate caused essentially the same phenomenon, which means that the inhibition of cardiac contraction by potassium citrate has already been demonstrated by Melrose et al.
Abstract: IN the course of an investigation of the specificity of acetoacetate which causes electromechanical dissociation1 we found that pyruvate also inhibited contractility of the rat heart and dog heart, leaving electrical activity intact2 Later we found that perfusion of the heart with sodium citrate caused essentially the same phenomenon Although the inhibition of cardiac contraction by potassium citrate has already been demonstrated by Melrose et al3, it is essential to use sodium citrate in order to demonstrate electromechanical dissociation, as high potassium-levels per se inhibit electrical activity
TL;DR: Goldstein1 has shown that a humoral factor, which decreases the blood glucose concentration, is released during exercise and it is known that the insulin requirement decreases in diabetic subjects during exercise.
Abstract: IT is well known that glycogen is utilized during muscular work, but there is very little information available about the resynthesis of glycogen after exhaustive exercise. Goldstein1 has shown that a humoral factor, which decreases the blood glucose concentration, is released during exercise. Furthermore, it is known that the insulin requirement decreases in diabetic subjects during exercise.
TL;DR: In this article, the activation energy of a chemical reaction is calculated from the angle between the straight line and the abscissa of the chemical reaction, and the results are then plotted as ln b/Tm2 against 1/tm, where Tm is the peak temperature in ° K, and b is the rate of heating.
Abstract: A NUMBER of articles have been published dealing with the differential thermal analysis (DTA) of chemical reaction kinetics1–5. Only one of these, however, gives a direct method for determining the activation energy (E) of the chemical reaction4. In this method, DTA curves are recorded at several different rates of heating. The results are then plotted as ln b/Tm2 against 1/Tm, where Tm is the peak temperature in ° K (the temperature of point B, Fig. 1), and b is the rate of heating. The magnitude of E is calculated from the angle between this straight line and the abscissa. This procedure has two principal shortcomings: (1) it is necessary to record several DTA curves with various rates of heating; and (2) it is necessary to use a special programming device to control the temperature. This device must be capable of providing linear heating at a number of rates of heating. The latter condition imposes serious technical difficulties, because all the DTA apparatuses at present available are adjusted for only one rate of heating.
TL;DR: Necrogenic Action of Carbon Tetrachloride in the Rat: A Speculative Mechanism Based on Activation
Abstract: Necrogenic Action of Carbon Tetrachloride in the Rat: A Speculative Mechanism Based on Activation
TL;DR: This report deals with the question of whether cellular communication of this kind is involved in the control of tissue growth.
Abstract: EVIDENCE for direct cell-to-cell communication is now available for a wide variety of epithelial tissues1–4. At the surfaces of cell contact (junctional surfaces), the cell membranes in these tissues are normally so permeable that many cellular ions and molecules may diffuse rather freely from one cell interior to the next. This report deals with the question of whether cellular communication of this kind is involved in the control of tissue growth.
TL;DR: In this article, photo-oxidation of organic matter in sea water by ultra-violet radiation, Analytical and Other Applications is discussed, and the authors propose a method to solve the problem.
Abstract: Photo-oxidation of Organic Matter in Sea Water by Ultra-violet Radiation, Analytical and Other Applications
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TL;DR: Theories Moleculaires de la Resonance Magnetique Nucleaire Applications a la Chimie Structurale as mentioned in this paper, Par G. Mavel. Pp. x + 325.
Abstract: Theories Moleculaires de la Resonance Magnetique Nucleaire Applications a la Chimie Structurale. Par G. Mavel. Pp. x + 325. (Paris: Dunod, 1966.) 78 francs.
TL;DR: Care must be taken in fixing tissues containing adrenergic axons to avoid severe losses of catecholamines by diffusion or extraction, and some doubt has been cast on the reliability of granular vesicles as an index of adrenergic function.
Abstract: THE endings of some autonomic axons, which are presumed to be either adrenergic or cholinergic in function, can be distinguished using the electron microscope by their different populations of vesicles. This was first pointed out by de Robertis and Pellegrino de Iraldi1. The cholinergic fibres, as in motor end-plates of skeletal muscle, contain uniform vesicles consisting of an outer wall of unit membrane enclosing a central core which is scarcely denser than the adjacent cytoplasm. In contrast, adrenergic fibres contain similar vesicles, but mixed with a minority possessing an electron-dense central core or granule. The first type are conveniently called agranular vesicles, and the second type granular, or dense cored, vesicles. However, some doubt has been cast on the reliability of granular vesicles as an index of adrenergic function. Whereas in the osmium tetroxide-fixed rabbit iris2 they are present abundantly in the axons supplying the dilator muscle, they are not present at all, or only very rarely in the rodent iris with similar fixation3,4. They appear to be absent also in axons supplying the outer longitudinal muscle coat of the guinea-pig vas deferens5, though they are invariably present in the circular muscle coat of many species including the guinea-pig. Isolation of granular vesicles in homogenates by differential centrifugation in sucrose gradients has proved difficult. They are seldom seen in heart homogenates, for instance, even in fractions known to contain a high concentration of norepinephrine6, but do appear in certain fractions of homogenized hypothalamus7. The possibility has been raised that the granules within the granular vesicles are artefacts unworthy of serious consideration. On the other hand they may represent in miniature the large granules of adrenal medullary cells which contain high concentrations of bound catecholamine. Assuming that this is so, care must be taken in fixing tissues containing adrenergic axons to avoid severe losses of catecholamines by diffusion or extraction.
TL;DR: Hellwege et al. as mentioned in this paper presented a series of articles about magnetische Eigenschaften freier Radikale. But they focused on the atom-and Molekularphysik.
Abstract: Zahlenwerte und Funktionen aus Naturwissenschaften und Technik Von Landolt-Bornstein. Neue Serie. Gesamtherausgabe: K. H. Hellwege. Gruppe II: Atom- und Molekularphysik. Band 1: Magnetische Eigenschaften freier Radikale. Von H. Fischer. Herausgeber: K. H. Hellwege und A. M. Hellwege. Pp. x + 154. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1965.) 68 D.M.
TL;DR: Adhesion and AdhesivesEdited by Dr. R. Houwink and Dr. G. Salomon.
Abstract: Adhesion and Adhesives Edited by Dr. R. Houwink and Dr. G. Salomon. Vol. 1: Adhesives. Second, completely revised edition. Pp. xvi + 548. (Amsterdam, London and New York: Elsevier Publishing Company, 1965.) 135s.
TL;DR: Adsorption from Solutions of Non-Electrolytes By J. J. Kipling as discussed by the authors, p. 73s. Pp. xii + 328.
Abstract: Adsorption from Solutions of Non-Electrolytes By J. J. Kipling. Pp. xii + 328. (London: Academic Press, Inc. (London), Ltd.; New York: Academic Press, Inc., 1965.) 73s.
TL;DR: Evidence is reported which shows that the mature anthers of Datura produce numerous embryo-like structures when cultured on Nitsch's medium containing 15 per cent coconut milk originate from the pollen grains.
Abstract: WE reported earlier1 that the mature anthers of Datura produce numerous embryo-like structures when cultured on Nitsch's medium containing 15 per cent coconut milk. We suggested two possibilities for their origin: (1) from the connective tissue; (2) from the pollen grains. The precise situation, however, could not be determined at that time. We now report evidence which shows that these embryoids originate from the pollen grains.
TL;DR: It is shown that all these cubic phases in lipid-water systems are similar: the lattice is body-centred, and the structure consists of networks of rods that are filled by the paraffin chains or by the polar moieties.
Abstract: AMONG the numerous phases reported in lipid-water systems a few display a cubic symmetry; the structure of these phases has been the subject of several controversial reports. We show in this article that all these cubic phases are similar: the lattice is body-centred, and the structure consists of networks of rods (Fig. 1); in some cases the rods are filled by the paraffin chains, in others by the polar moieties.
TL;DR: Clomiphene, 1-(p-diethylaminoethoxyphenyl)-1,2-diphenyl-2-chloro-ethylene (citrate)4, which has the unexpected property of stimulating ovulation in women with ovulatory failure of certain types.
Abstract: ALTHOUGH triphenylethylene1,2 and many substituted triphenylethylenes3 are known to be oestrogenic, more complex endocrine activity has been encountered in some of its basic derivatives. A notable example is clomiphene, 1-(p-diethylaminoethoxyphenyl)-1,2-diphenyl-2-chloro-ethylene (citrate)4, which has the unexpected property of stimulating ovulation in women with ovulatory failure of certain types5,6.
TL;DR: Cord IgG levels were reported to be equal to or slightly lower than maternal, and IgG labelled with iodine-131 was present in higher concentrations in cord than in maternal serum if the iodinated protein had been administered to the mother 25 or more days before parturition.
Abstract: EXISTING evidence suggests that the concentrations of IgG immunoglobulin* in maternal and cord sera are essentially the same. In 1963 von Muralt1 concluded that no significant difference existed in the absolute concentration of gamma globulin in paired maternal-cord sera after reviewing forty-three published studies in which gamma globulin was quantitated in 1,542 maternal-cord pairs by a variety of methods. Recently, Gitlin et al.2 reported cord IgG to be equal to or slightly lower than maternal. They did observe, however, that IgG labelled with iodine-131 was present in higher concentrations in cord than in maternal serum if the iodinated protein had been administered to the mother 25 or more days before parturition. The higher cord 131I-IgG levels were felt to be a consequence of tracer kinetics and not an indication of higher cord endogenous IgG concentrations2.