Showing papers in "Neurobiology of Aging in 2003"

TL;DR: This study traces the course of the pathology in incidental and symptomatic Parkinson cases proposing a staging procedure based upon the readily recognizable topographical extent of the lesions.

TL;DR: It is found that Abeta deposits initiate in the cortex and progress to the hippocampus with aging, whereas tau pathology is first apparent in the hippocampus and then progresses to the cortex, consistent with the amyloid cascade hypothesis.

TL;DR: As MCI may represent a prodromal stage of AD, and oxidative damage appears to occur as one of the earliest pathophysiological events in AD, an increased intake of antioxidants in patients with MCI could be helpful in lowering the risk of conversion to dementia.

TL;DR: T cell telomere length is correlated with AD disease status, and inversely correlated with serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokine TNFalpha (a clinical marker of disease status), with the proportion of CD8+ T cells lacking expression of the CD28 costimulatory molecule, and with apoptosis.

TL;DR: Experiments with various neuronal and non-neuronal cells show that tau is capable of reducing net anterograde transport of vesicles and cell organelles by blocking the microtubule tracks, suggesting a possible link between the two key proteins that show abnormal behavior in Alzheimer's disease.

TL;DR: Changes in the synaptic complex are discussed as a possible compensatory mechanism in response to synapse loss and a model is proposed to help relate the significance of these synaptic changes.

TL;DR: The increased oxidative stress in CL4176 occurred in the absence of Abeta fibril formation, consistent with the notion that the toxic species in Abeta toxicity is pre-fibrillar Abeta and not the Abetafibril.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided that still living neurons lose synapses in AD, in addition to the synapse loss due to death of neurons, and synaptic function is also affected in AD by decrements in transcript species related to synaptic vesicle trafficking.

TL;DR: Increased maternal stress during pregnancy seems to be one of the determinants of temperamental variation and delay of development of infants and may be a risk factor for developing psychopathology later in life.

TL;DR: It is suggested that environmental enrichment can be a potent cognitive enhancer for aged females and a potential neurobiological mechanism of this effect is suggested.

TL;DR: The results of this study suggest that older adults may rely on different cortical networks to perceive emotional facial expressions than do their younger counterparts.

TL;DR: Qualitative RT-PCR has been used to examine in post-mortem AD brain tissue transcript levels of alphaB-crystallin and tumor necrosis factor-induced protein 1, human homologs of genes found to be robustly induced in the transgenic C. elegans model, supporting the validity of this approach.

TL;DR: Rapid communication Biological markers for therapeutic trials in Alzheimer’s disease Proceedings of the biological markers working group; NIA initiative on neuroimaging in Alzheimer's disease.

TL;DR: It is found that Abeta deposits appear early in the pathogenesis of Abeta, but cannot account for cognitive decline, and Tau immunoreactivity appears as the strongest morphological correlate of dementia.

TL;DR: It is shown that cell proliferation, cell death, neurogenesis and the number of radial glia-like nestin immunoreactive cells decrease in middle-age (10 months) and remain very low in the aged hippocampus.

TL;DR: Symptomatic drug treatment for AD might be beneficially directed toward ameliorating multiple neurotransmitter deficiencies, particularly cholinergic and noradrenergic, particularly in patients with Alzheimer disease and in controls.

TL;DR: Previous findings of temporal lobe atrophic changes in AD are confirmed, and these VBM results suggest that these abnormalities may be confined to specific sites within that lobe, rather than showing a widespread distribution.

TL;DR: It is suggested that amount smoked is associated with an increasing risk of AD and Alzheimer-type neuropathology up to heavy smoking levels, and the lack of association in very heavy smokers may be due to a hardy survivor effect.

TL;DR: The authors showed that AChE may play a role in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease at 9-12 months of the mouse's life, and that plaque onset in the hybrids occurred 30-50% sooner than in the parental lines.

TL;DR: It is suggested that IL-6 may play a multifaceted role in AD by affecting the turnover of the cytokine in patients with Alzheimer's disease and non-demented controls.

TL;DR: The findings showed that a shift in the relative contribution of approximately 40 Hz to approximately 10 Hz neural activity is related to the reduced capacity of older adults to maintain optimal force control.

TL;DR: High expression of mutant human alpha-synuclein resulted in a progressive motor and widespread CNS gliotic phenotype independent of dopaminergic dysfunction in the Tg5093 line, and biochemical analysis demonstrated alpha- synuclein fragmentation.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of the K670N/M671L mutation on passive avoidance and small pool performance in the Morris maze were found to be age-related, indicating that the impairment was not due to sensory, motor or motivational alterations.

TL;DR: The finding of age-related sparing of processes that sustain motor skill learning, provides further support for the proposition of different memory systems relying on different brain substrates.

TL;DR: It is discussed how developmental variations in the numbers of Purkinje cells and ovarian oocytes can be factors in outcomes of aging that are not under strict genetic control.

TL;DR: The data suggest that P, DHP and THP may represent useful therapeutic alternatives to maintain peripheral nerve integrity in aged animals and reduce aging-associated morphological abnormalities of myelin and aging- associated myelin fiber loss in the sciatic nerve.

TL;DR: It is concluded that genetic variability of ABCA1 influences the development of AD, possibly by interfering with CNS cholesterol homeostasis.

TL;DR: It is suggested that young rats learn to handle a higher working memory load as testing progresses, while aged rats do not, and that frontal cortex and hippocampal neurotrophin levels may relate to working memory proficiency in aged female rats.

TL;DR: Inflammation plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease and the inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide by ADMA may increase the concentration of inflammatory mediators in the brain.

TL;DR: A review of the literature on synaptic pathology in Alzheimer's disease was undertaken, focused on five areas as discussed by the authors, concerning the molecular substrates of presynaptic terminal changes, not all proteins are equally affected.