Showing papers in "NeuroImage in 1996"

TL;DR: The reference tissue model allows for quantification of receptor kinetics without measuring the arterial input function, thus avoiding arterial cannulation and time-consuming metabolite measurements, and for the ligands tested the three-parameter model is a better choice, combining increased convergence rate with increased stability.

TL;DR: Functional magnetic resonance imaging is used to probe PFC activity during a sequential letter task in which memory load was varied in an incremental fashion, providing a "dose-response curve" describing the involvement of both PFC and related brain regions in WM function.

TL;DR: It is envisaged that set-level inferences will find a role in making statistical inferences about distributed activations, particularly in fMRI.

TL;DR: Partial least squares serves as an important extension by extracting new information from imaging data that is not accessible through other currently used univariate and multivariate image analysis tools.

TL;DR: It is proposed that factorial designs are more powerful than subtraction designs in characterizing cognitive neuroanatomy, precisely because they allow for interactions and eschew notions like pure insertion.

TL;DR: Using magnetic resonance morphometry, it is shown for the first time that the depth of the central sulcus is related to handedness.

TL;DR: To examine the contribution of the hippocampus and adjacent medial-temporal lobe structures to topographic learning in the human, a 'virtual' maze was used as a task environment during functional magnetic resonance imaging studies and activity was confined to the para- hippocampal gyri.

TL;DR: During active and passive flexion and extension of the right elbow, regional cerebral blood flow was measured in six healthy, male volunteers using positron emission tomography and the standard H2(15)O injection technique.

TL;DR: A major source of variability in the captured light signal is a pervasive low-frequency (0.1-Hz) oscillation which apparently results from regional cerebral blood flow which is present in brain parenchyma as well as the microvasculature.

TL;DR: It was observed that when listeners performed tasks under the dichotic conditions, activation within the posterior (parietal) attention system and at primary processing sites in the superior temporal and inferior frontal regions was increased.

TL;DR: An almost complete overlap between the active memory areas regardless of input modality was revealed, suggesting that verbal working memory is modality independent and is mediated by a circuit involving frontal, parietal, and cerebellar mechanisms.

TL;DR: Results show that PET and fMRI identify functional areas with similar anatomical locations and reveals interindividual variation in the anatomical location of higher-level processing areas with greater anatomical precision.

TL;DR: The surface mapping and probabilistic techniques presented here provide a basis for the generation of anatomical templates and expert diagnostic systems which retain quantitative information on intersubject variations in brain architecture.

TL;DR: Functional MRI data were collected from 12 normal right-handed subjects during passive and active listening to words and tone sequences to test the role of the PT, which responded equally to tones and words during passive listening and more strongly to tones during active listening.

TL;DR: The representation of emotional faces over a delay period, compared to either the nonemotional or the fixation condition, was associated with significant activation in the left ventral prefrontal cortex, the left anterior cingulate cortex, and the right fusiform gyrus.

TL;DR: The objective of the present work was to determine, by means of the SPM software, the changes in regional CMRglc as a function of age in 24 optimally healthy, unmedicated volunteers of ages from 20 to 67 years.

TL;DR: The role of posterior parietal cortex in arithmetic calculation is confirmed and the role of prefrontal cortex is implicate and other regions are implicate, including prefrontal cortex, in serial calculation.

TL;DR: The effect of the presentation rate and exposure duration of visually presented words on brain activity was investigated using positron emission tomography to suggest functional segregation of these regions and suggests that word processing in the lingual gyrus during reading is distinct from that in the posterior fusiform gyri.

TL;DR: The results indicate that some brain areas are shaped by early exposure to the maternal language, and are not necessarily activated by the processing of a second language to which they have been exposed for a limited time later in life.

TL;DR: Transcranial magnetic stimulation with a focal coil was used to map the cortical representation of a hand muscle in four healthy subjects, demonstrating the accuracy of transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for locating the primary motor area.

TL;DR: It is proposed that these cortical maps are best explained by the recruitment of visual attention and memory structures, which play a major role in prospective time judgements as indicated by behavioral studies.

TL;DR: The ability of this new technique to identify brain regions where rCBF is closely related to increasing word presentation rate in both subjects without constraining the nature of this relationship and where these nonlinear responses differ is demonstrated.

TL;DR: Data from nine previous studies of human visual information processing using positron emission tomography were reanalyzed to contrast blood flow responses during passive viewing and active discriminations of the same stimulus array, indicating that top-down processes can affect early visual cortex.

TL;DR: Incoherent motion proved to be more effective than coherent motion in activating V1/V2 and V5, and the higher perceptual salience of unidirectional coherentMotion in comparison to incoherent motion is not reflected by any increased activation of human area V5.

TL;DR: The technique of positron emission tomography is used to detect increases in regional cerebral blood flow in the brains of humans while they perceive the simple figures described by Schumann (1900) and by Kanizsa (1979), leading to the conclusion that the occipital cortex can contribute to the perception of these stimuli without higher order cognitive influence specific to the completion task.

TL;DR: In this paper, the functional relationships between elements of a neurocognitive network in a single subject were investigated by using singular value decomposition (SVD) and a matrix of six sinusoidal regression parameters at each activated voxel.

TL;DR: Functional imaging studies to identify differences between groups generally require many more subjects than other types of functional imaging studies and require careful advance planning to maximize the likelihood of reaching meaningful conclusions.

TL;DR: It is concluded that, in the absence of speech-contingent auditory input, the modulation of CBF in the auditory cortex is mediated by motor-to-sensory discharges, which extends the previous findings of oculomotor corollary discharges to the audio-vocal domain.

TL;DR: Results suggest that activation PET with 3D data acquisition, multiple replication of conditions, and coregistration with MRI provides results that are consistent and reproducible enough to be useful clinically for clinical assessment of language-related areas.