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Showing papers in "Neuroscience in 2016"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that fibromyalgia and related disorders are heterogenous conditions with a complicated pathobiology with patients falling along a continuum with one end a purely peripherally driven painful condition and the other end of the continuum is when pain is purely centrally driven.

419 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review summarizes the most recent discoveries and insights for which parallel findings have been obtained in human depressed subjects and rodent models of mood disorders in order to examine the potential etiology of depression.

348 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Astroglial morphology and function can be regulated through environmental stimulation and/or medication suggesting that astrocytes can be regarded as a target for therapies aimed at the prevention and cure of neurodegenerative disorders.

327 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Genetic linkage and association studies of whole blood serotonin levels and of ASD risk point to the chromosomal region containing the serotonin transporter (SERT) gene in males but not in females, and mouse models suggest an important role for the serotonin system in social behavior, in cognitive flexibility, and in sensory development.

327 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A causal relationship between activity in the BLA-mPFC pathway and the bidirectional modulation of anxiety-related and social behaviors is established.

292 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The molecular actors identified include the Toll-like receptor 4 and the anti-opioid systems as well as some other excitatory molecules, receptors, channels, chemokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines or lipids, which contribute to OIH.

269 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The role of IGF-1 in brain development is reviewed, followed by a detailed discussion of the role played by IGF in cellular neuroplasticity in the CNS.

232 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evidence is reviewed and discussed that pinpoints to a possible non-neuronal, glial candidate for such orchestration: the regulation of synaptic plasticity by astrocytes.

206 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review focuses on mechanistic knowledge concerning chronic antidepressant treatment and gabapentinoid treatment in a neuropathic pain context.

203 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is revealed that depletion of the gut microbiota during adulthood results in deficits in spatial memory as tested by Morris water maze, decreased visceral sensitivity and a greater display of depressive-like behaviours in the forced swim test.

180 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Application of modulators of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, such as probiotics, helminthes and certain special diets, may be a promising strategy for the treatment of ASD.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Mechanisms implicating astrocytes in NVC-mediated vascular responses, limitations encountered as a result of the challenges in maintaining all the constituents of the neurovascular unit intact and deliberate current controversial findings disputing a main role for astracytes are discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Gender differences in the involvement of such cells in chronic neuropathic pain indicate gender may also need attention in preclinical and human trials evaluating the efficacy of adenosine-based analgesics.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It remains to be determined whether antidepressant drug treatment prevented a decrease in GFAP-immunoreactive astrocyte density or restored cell density to normal levels in postmortem brain tissue.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The main goal of this review is to bring together the data available regarding the noradrenergic system in relation to pain, particularly focusing on the ascending and descending LC projections in different conditions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comprehensive survey of up-to-date genetic association results reveals migraine and musculoskeletal pain to be the most investigated chronic pain disorders, in which nearly half of identified genetic variability alters neurotransmission pathways.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The clinical literature on sex differences in pain and neurological and psychiatric diseases is reviewed to further stimulate interest in sexual dimorphisms in the brain and brain diseases, possibly encouraging more research in the field of the implications of sex differences for treating these conditions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Compared the effect of human menstrual MSCs (MenSCs) mediated by cell-cell contact, by their total secretome or by secretome-derived extracellular vesicles on neuritic outgrowth in primary neuronal cultures, MenSC exosomes showed superior effects on the growth of the longest neurite in cortical neurons and had a comparable effect to BM-SCExosomes on neurite out growth in dorsal root ganglia neurons.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study investigated the minimum number of trials required to provide a stable measure of MEP amplitude with high within- and between-session reliability and found that collecting 30 trials may be optimal for reliably estimating corticospinal excitability using TMS.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recent advances on the emerging role of autophagy in microglia are highlighted, focusing on the regulation of Autophagy during microglial inflammation, and the possible mechanism involved.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present meta-analysis showed that the efficacy of the neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) transplantation depends mainly on injury model, intervention phase, transplanted cell count, immunosuppressive use, and probably stem cell source.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Inadequate antioxidant response suggests elevated ROS sustains paclitaxel-evoked pain and elevated ROS levels in spinal neurons, but not microglia/astrocytes, after pac litaxel.

Journal ArticleDOI
Honglin Yan1, Jingping Yuan1, Likun Gao1, Jie Rao1, Jichang Hu1 
TL;DR: Intervention in the MEG3-p53 interaction presents a new target for the therapeutic treatment of ischemic insults and functions as a cell death promoter in ischemia and physically and functionally interacts with p53 to mediate isChemic damage.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review aims to show that the JAK-STAT3 pathway plays a key role in the control of astrocyte reactivity, to illustrate that STAT3 is a pleiotropic molecule operating multiple functions in reactiveAstrocytes, and to suggest that each specific functional state of reactivity is governed by complex molecular interactions within astroCytes, which converge on STAT3.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Flexible functional connectivity during resting-state and task-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and out-of-scanner neuropsychological testing suggests that not only the dynamics of connectivity between these networks is seminal for optimal functioning, but also that the contrast between dynamics across states reflects cognitive performance.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review summarizes recent findings that shed light to the neuroanatomical, electrophysiological and molecular adaptations that chronic pain conditions promote in the mesolimbic dopamine system.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Together, the data discussed will provide a framework by which vessels can be viewed as important potential contributors to migraine pathophysiology, even in light of the current uncertainty over the role of vasodilation in this disorder.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Treatment with quercetin is considered to represent a therapeutic strategy to attenuate the neuronal death against aluminum-induced neurodegeneration and further electron microscopic studies revealed that quercETin attenuates Aluminum-induced mitochondrial swelling, loss of cristae and chromatin condensation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Clinical and fundamental data are reviewed here with a special emphasis on possible developmental processes giving rise to sex-differences in pain processing, and the role of gonadal hormones in the modulation of pain responses.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Animal models are helping to address critical questions related to pathophysiology of bipolar mania, in an effort to more clearly define necessary targets of first-line medications, lithium and valproic acid, and to discover novel mechanisms with the hope of developing more effective therapeutics.