Showing papers in "Novon in 2011"
TL;DR: Two new species of Polygonaceae from Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province, China, are described and illustrated, one of which differs in having congested nodes at the base of the plant, triangular to oval terminal leaves with bright red veins, dense inflorescences, white punctate adaxial leaf surfaces, and an articulate pedicel.
Abstract: . Fagopyrum qiangcai D. Q. Bai and F. wenchuanense J. R. Shao, two new species of Polygonaceae from Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province, China, are described and illustrated. Fagopyrum qiangcai is closely related to F. esculentum Moench based on its leafy base, triangular leaves, and terminal or axillary racemes. The new species differs in having congested nodes at the base of the plant, triangular to oval terminal leaves with bright red veins, dense inflorescences, white punctate adaxial leaf surfaces, and an articulate pedicel. Fagopyrum qiangcai is diploid, 2n = 2x = 16, with a karyotype of 12 metacentric and four submetacentric chromosomes. Fagopyrum wenchuanense is closely related to F. gracilipes (Hemsl.) Dammer ex Diels but differs in its caespitose habit, the plants often with prostrate stems. Its leaves vary from broadly cordate to ovate to hastate or long hastate, the pedicels are basally puberulent, the stamens and pistils are variable in length, and the capsules are ellipsoid-triangular...
20 citations
TL;DR: Effective from 1 January 2013, new names of organisms treated as fungi must, in order to be validly published, include in the protologue the citation of an identifier issued by a recognized repository (such as MycoBank).
Abstract: Changes to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature are decided on every 6 years at Nomenclature Sections associated with International Botanical Congresses (IBC). The XVIII IBC was held in Melbourne, Australia; the Nomenclature Section met on 18�22 July 2011 and its decisions were accepted by the Congress at its plenary session on 30 July. Several important changes were made to the Code as a result of this meeting that will affect publication of new names. Two of these changes will come into effect on 1 January 2012, some months before the Melbourne Code is published. Electronic material published online in Portable Document Format (PDF) with an International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) or an International Standard Book Number (ISBN) will constitute effective publication, and the requirement for a Latin description or diagnosis for names of new taxa will be changed to a requirement for a description or diagnosis in either Latin or English. In addition, effective from 1 January 2013, new names of organisms treated as fungi must, in order to be validly published, include in the protologue (everything associated with a name at its valid publication) the citation of an identifier issued by a recognized repository (such as MycoBank). Draft text of the new articles dealing with electronic publication is provided and best practice is outlined.
18 citations
TL;DR: Two new species of Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae), A. ledongensis and jianfenglingensis, are described and illustrated from Hainan Island, China and are assessed as Vulnerable according to IUCN Red List criteria.
Abstract: Two new species of Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae), A ledongensis Han Xu, Y D Li & H J Yang and A jianfenglingensis Han Xu, Y D Li & H Q Chen, are described and illustrated from Hainan Island, China Aristolochia ledongensis differs from the similar A championii Merr & Chun and A bambusifolia C F Liang ex H Q Wen by having the exterior of the calyx yellow (vs yellowish green), a smaller basal portion of the calyx tube (15–16 × 45–5 mm vs 30–70 × 7–10 mm), a narrower calyx limb (05–07 cm vs 15–6 cm wide), and a shorter peduncle (07–1 cm vs 18–5 cm) Aristolochia jianfenglingensis differs from the similar A championii and A bambusifolia by having the stems glabrous (vs densely villous), the exterior of the calyx light red-brown (vs yellowish green), a smaller basal portion of the calyx tube (23–26 × 5–6 mm vs 30–70 × 7–10 mm), and a narrower calyx limb (08–09 cm vs 15–6 cm wide) Aristolochia championii and A bambusifolia have densely villous stems; the exteri
16 citations
TL;DR: A new species is described and illustrated from Vietnam with small cupular coronas lacking lobes, and pendulous pollinia, new for the genus Hoya, in light of the recent broadening of the circumscription of the genus following the results of molecular phylogenies and morphological studies.
Abstract: A new species, Hoya ignorata T. B. Tran, Rodda, Simonsson & Joongku Lee (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae) is described and illustrated from Vietnam. The new taxon, widely distributed in Southeast Asia, does not seem to be related to any previously described Hoya R. Br., due to its small cupular coronas lacking lobes, and pendulous pollinia. These morphological characters, new for the genus Hoya, are discussed in light of the recent broadening of the circumscription of the genus following the results of molecular phylogenies and morphological studies.
15 citations
TL;DR: After a thorough revision of both herbarium material and many living specimens in cultivation collected in southern and southeastern Brazil, only seven species are recognized, six of which are treated here: C. therezae Barb.
Abstract: Capanemia Barb. Rodr. (Orchidaceae, Oncidiinae) currently includes 17 epiphytic, predominantly Brazilian species. As part of an ongoing revision of this genus, we herein propose new synonyms and typifications for several taxa. After a thorough revision of both herbarium material and many living specimens in cultivation collected in southern and southeastern Brazil, we herein recognize only seven species, six of which are treated here: C. brachycion (Griseb.) Schltr., C. carinata Barb. Rodr., C. gehrtii Hoehne, C. micromera Barb. Rodr., C. superflua (Rchb. f.) Garay, and C. therezae Barb. Rodr; the seventh species, C. adelaidae Porto & Brade, is recognized as valid but not treated here, since no taxonomic or nomenclatural problems were detected regarding this species. New synonymies are proposed: C. ensata Pabst is referred to C. gehrtii; C. angustilabia Schltr., C. australis (Kraenzl.) Schltr., C. lossiana L. Kollmann, C. perpusilla Schltr., C. riograndensis Pabst, and C. spathuliglossa Pabst are referred to C. micromera; and C. fluminensis Pabst is referred to C. therezae. Lectotypes are proposed for C. angustilabia, C. carinata, C. micromera, C. perpusilla, C. spathuliglossa, and C. therezae. A neotype is proposed for C. hatschbachii Schltr.
14 citations
TL;DR: According to recent phylogenetic analysis, Briza should be accepted sensu stricto, with four Eurasian species, as proposed by Matthei (1975) and other authors, and the following 13 new combinations are proposed in Chascolytrum.
Abstract: Briza L. (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) is a genus with a controversial circumscription, being either considered sensu lato, including Eurasian and South American species (e.g., Longhi-Wagner, 1987), or sensu stricto, including only four Eurasian species and being considered closely related to the South American species, forming the Briza complex (Matthei, 1975). According to recent phylogenetic analysis, Briza should be accepted sensu stricto, with four Eurasian species, as proposed by Matthei (1975) and other authors. The American species, which were previously published under Briza s.l. or under the genera Calotheca Desv., Chascolytrum Desv., Erianthecium Parodi, Gymnachne Parodi, Lombardochloa Roseng. & B. R. Arrill., Microbriza Parodi ex Nicora & Rugolo, Poidium Nees, and Rhombolytrum Link, should be included within Chascolytrum, the oldest generic name published for the American species of the complex. As a result, the following 13 new combinations are proposed in Chascolytrum: C. ambiguum (Hack.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. bidentatum (Roseng., B. R. Arrill. & Izag.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. brachychaetum (Ekman) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. brasiliense (Nees ex Steud.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. brizoides (Lam.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. bulbosum (Parodi) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. calotheca (Trin.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. itatiaiae (Ekman) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. koelerioides (Trin.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. monandrum (Hack.) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. poomorphum (J. Presl) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, C. rhomboideum (Link) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies, and C. uniolae (Nees) Essi, Longhi-Wagner & Souza-Chies. The names Poa koelerioides Trin., Poa tumidula Steud., Poidium brasiliense Nees ex Steud., and Rhombolytrum berteroanum E. Desv. are lectotypified.
13 citations
TL;DR: A new species of Gesneriaceae, Petrocosmea huanjiangensis Yan Liu & W. B. Xu, is described and illustrated from northern Guangxi, China and is distinguished on the basis of the peltate leaf blade, the densely lanate androecial filaments, and the three staminodes.
Abstract: . A new species of Gesneriaceae, Petrocosmea huanjiangensis Yan Liu & W. B. Xu, is described and illustrated from northern Guangxi, China. The new species is related to P. martini (H. Lev.) H. Lev. but is distinguished on the basis of the peltate leaf blade, the densely lanate androecial filaments 6–7.2 mm long, the rostellate, cordate-ovoid anthers that are constricted near the apex, and the three staminodes, 2–3 mm long.
12 citations
TL;DR: Pterogonium Sw.
Abstract: Pterogonium Sw. (Leucodontaceae), a long-used, illegitimate name for what is probably a unispecific genus of mosses, is replaced with an anagram, Nogopterium Crosby & W. R. Buck. The needed new combinations, N. gracile (Hedw.) Crosby & W. R. Buck and N. beyrichianum (Hampe) Crosby & W. R. Buck, are made.
12 citations
TL;DR: A new species of basaltic soils, diploid (2n = 22), with complete velum coverage, described from Akkar District of northern Lebanon with superficially similar Isoetes species, which can be differentiated from I. libanotica using megaspore characters.
Abstract: . A new species, Isoetes libanotica Musselman, Bolin & R. D. Bray (Isoetaceae, Lycophyta), is described from Akkar District of northern Lebanon. It is a seasonal terrestrial species of basaltic soils, diploid (2n = 22), with complete velum coverage. Megaspore diameter ranges from 338 to 477 μm with remote, low tuberculate ornamentation and a low to obsolete equatorial girdle; microspore length ranges from 25 to 30 μm, with echinate ornamentation. At the type locality of I. libanotica, two other Isoetes L. species occur sympatrically. These superficially similar Isoetes species can be differentiated from I. libanotica using megaspore characters; I. duriei Bory has larger alveolate megaspores and I. olympica A. Braun has a prominent equatorial girdle.
11 citations
TL;DR: A revision of the taxa belonging to the Genista ephedroides group (Fabaceae, Cytiseae) occurring in the Tyrrhenian area is presented, and two new species G. ovina Bacch.
Abstract: . A revision of the taxa belonging to the Genista ephedroides group (Fabaceae, Cytiseae) occurring in the Tyrrhenian area is presented. The study, carried out on the basis of the literature, herbarium material, and field and karyological investigations, allows the recognition of 13 taxa. Eight are already known: G. cilentina Vals., G. demarcoi Brullo, Scelsi & Siracusa, G. dorycnifolia Font Quer, G. ephedroides DC., G. gasparrinii (Guss.) C. Presl, G. numidica Spach, G. tyrrhena Vals., and G. valsecchiae Brullo & De Marco, and five are new to science. Genista bocchierii Bacch., Brullo & Feoli Chiapella, G. insularis Bacch., Brullo & Feoli Chiapella, G. insularis subsp. fodinae Bacch., Brullo & Feoli Chiapella, and G. ovina Bacch., Brullo & Feoli Chiapella are described from Sardinia, Italy, while G. tyrrhena subsp. pontiana Brullo & De Marco is described from the Pontine Archipelago of Latium, Italy. Karyologically, most of the taxa are characterized by the somatic number 2n = 48 (G. bocchierii, ...
9 citations
TL;DR: During revisionary work on Turkish Salvia L., it is determined that S. aucheri subsp.
Abstract: Salvia aucheri Benth. (Lamiaceae) is a species endemic to Turkey, and the name is lectotypified herein. Two varieties were previously recognized, as S. aucheri var. aucheri and S. aucheri var. canescens Boiss. & Heldr.; the infraspecific taxa are recognized here as subspecies. During revisionary work on Turkish Salvia L., we determined that S. aucheri subsp. canescens (Boiss. & Heldr.) Celep, Kahraman & Do˘ differs from subspecies aucheri not only morphologically, but also geographically and phenologically, and both taxa are typically allopatric.
TL;DR: A new species was detected while conducting a monographic study of Cohniella Pfitzer (Orchidaceae, Cymbideae, Oncidiinae) and is newly described from material collected in the vicinity of Puerto Ayacucho and from the upper Orinoco, Amazonas State, Venezuela.
Abstract: A new species was detected while conducting a monographic study of Cohniella Pfitzer (Orchidaceae, Cymbideae, Oncidiinae) Cohniella croizatii Cetzal & Carnevali is newly described from material collected in the vicinity of Puerto Ayacucho and from the upper Orinoco, Amazonas State, Venezuela The new species is illustrated and its affinities are discussed The novelty is similar to C cebolleta (Jacq) Christenson from northern Venezuela and Colombia, but differs in the callus that consists of three large, apical teeth of more or less similar size that emerge directly from the labellum disk, with the two lateral teeth marginally serrate to dentate on the proximal half In contrast, the callus in C cebolleta is more complex, consisting of five teeth that emerge from a conspicuous central platform, and the central tooth is proportionately larger
TL;DR: The nonvariegated population of M. itinerans var.
Abstract: . Musa itinerans Cheesman var. formosana (Warb.) Hakkinen & C. L. Yeh is one of the three wild bananas in Taiwan and represents the taxon previously recognized as M. formosana (Warb. ex Schum.) Hayata [≡ M. basjoo Siebold & Zucc. ex Iinuma var. formosana (Warb. ex Schum.) S. S. Ying]. The gross morphology of M. itinerans var. formosana is stable. Some populations without variegation on the pericarps and the bracts of male buds were mainly found in a restricted area of northeast Taiwan. The morphological characteristics of the nonvariegated populations are otherwise similar to those of M. itinerans var. formosana. Their principal distinction is based on the absence of the purplish red streaking on both the pericarps and the male, fertile bracts. This character of nonvariegation is stable across the taxon's habitat and as cultivated through a 9-year period of observation. From molecular evidence, the DNA sequence for the ITS region of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) is highly similar in both populations. The ...
TL;DR: The new species Aspidistra pingtangensis is described and illustrated from Pingtang County, Guizhou Province, China, and is characterized by an urceolate, milk-white perianth with five or six blunt keels externally, stamen filaments that are ca.
Abstract: The new species Aspidistra pingtangensis S. Z. He, W. F. Xu & Q. W. Sun (Ruscaceae) is described and illustrated from Pingtang County, Guizhou Province, China. The new species is characterized by an urceolate, milk-white perianth with five or six blunt keels externally, stamen filaments that are ca. 1.2 mm long with the stamens inserted in the top third of the perianth tube, and stigmas that are ca. 4 mm diam. This contrasts with the related species A. fenghuangensis K. Y. Lang and A. urceolata F. T. Wang & K. Y. Lang. The former is characterized by an urceolate, pale yellow perianth, stamen filaments that are ca. 0.5 mm with the stamens inserted at the middle of perianth tube, and stigmas that are ca. 6 mm diam.; the latter is characterized by an urceolate, pale violet-red perianth with many purple speckles, stamen filaments that are ca. 0.2 mm with the stamens inserted at the base of the perianth tube, and stigmas that are ca. 1.5 mm diam. The new species can be classified into Aspidistra Ker Gawl. sect. Aspidistra ser. Fimbriatae G. Z. Li.
TL;DR: Five new species of Gentianella Moench (Gentianaceae) are described from western South America, characterized by slender, clustered stems arising from a persistent rosette, pedicels mostly longer than the internodes, and widely funnelform, purplish pink corollas.
Abstract: Five new species of Gentianella Moench (Gentianaceae) are described from western South America. Gentianella decemnectaria J. S. Pringle, from Peru, is characterized by decumbent stems and nearly rotate corollas with 10 nectaries per corolla. Gentianella pluvialis J. S. Pringle, from Bolivia, is similar to G. florida (Griseb.) Holub, differing in its larger flowers with bright yellow corollas. Gentianella pyrostelium J. S. Pringle, from Peru, is characterized by its columnar habit and red and yellow, scarcely opening corollas. Gentianella rugicalyx J. S. Pringle, from Peru, differs from G. paludicola (Gilg) J. S. Pringle in its wider, abruptly acute calyx lobes and corolla tube that widens more gradually, and from G. persquarrosa (Reimers) J. S. Pringle in its leafier stems and glabrous corollas. Gentianella sanchezii J. S. Pringle, from Peru, is characterized by slender, clustered stems arising from a persistent rosette, pedicels mostly longer than the internodes, and widely funnelform, purplish pink corollas.
TL;DR: S. jianfenglingensis is described and illustrated as a new species endemic to Hainan Island, China that differs from the closely related S. arfakiana by its longer leaves, shorter fruiting pedicels, and a filiform style that far exceeds the ovary.
Abstract: . Sciaphila jianfenglingensis Han Xu, Y. D. Li & H. Q. Chen (Triuridaceae) is described and illustrated as a new species endemic to Hainan Island, China. It differs from the closely related S. arfakiana Becc. by its longer leaves to ca. 2 mm (vs. ca. 1 mm in S. arfakiana), shorter fruiting pedicels 3–6 mm (vs. typically 7–9 mm), three stamens (vs. two or three), 2-celled anthers (vs. 4-celled), and a filiform style (vs. awl-shaped) that far exceeds the ovary.
TL;DR: While studying the species of Zornia J. F. Gmel.
Abstract: While studying the species of Zornia J. F. Gmel. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Dalbergieae) from Brazil for taxonomic revision of the genus, eight lectotypifications are proposed: Hedysarum bifolium Vell., Z. diphylla (L.) Pers. var. bernardinensis Chodat & Hassl., Z. diphylla var. elatior Benth., Z. diphylla f. ciliata Chodat & Hassl., Z. myriadena Benth., Z. perforata Vogel, Z. reticulata Sm., and Z. sericea Moric., as well as two neotypifications for Z. brasiliensis Vogel and Z. ovata Vogel. A new combination, Z. vichadana (Killip ex Mohlenbr.) Fort.-Perez & A. M. G. Azevedo is proposed, based upon Z. pardina Mohlenbr. var. vichadana Kilip ex Mohlenbr. Eighteen new synonymizations are also included.
TL;DR: A rare endemic species on Ulleung Island, Korea, is transferred from Physocarpus (Cambess.) Raf.
Abstract: A rare endemic species on Ulleung Island, Korea, is transferred from Physocarpus (Cambess.) Raf. (Rosaceae) to Spiraea L., based on morphology and DNA sequence data. The new combination S. insularis (Nakai) H. Shin, Y. D. Kim & S. H. Oh is proposed.
TL;DR: Seven Hoffmannia plants from Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and northwestern Colombia with paired ant vesicles at the base of each leaf blade are treated as less variable morphologically and fourteen species new to science are described here.
Abstract: Species of Hoffmannia Sw. (Rubiaceae, Hamelieae) are concentrated in premontane and montane areas of Central America and southern Mexico and are notably variable morphologically, but are here treated as less variable than some previous authors have concluded. In particular, corolla shape and color and fruit shape are here considered species-level characteristics, and leaf shape and inflorescence size and position are considered less variable than previously posited. Fourteen species new to science have been discovered by recent exploration in Central and South America and are described here. One group of species includes Hoffmannia plants from Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and northwestern Colombia with paired ant vesicles (i.e., formicaria) at the base of each leaf blade. These plants have recently been all included in one species, H. vesiculifera Standl., but two other previously described species are recognized here, H. morii Dwyer and H. kirkbridei Dwyer, along with five newly described species and all the Hoffmannia species with ant vesicles are keyed here. The newly described Hoffmannia species with ant vesicles on their leaves are: H. formicaria C. M. Taylor of Costa Rica and western Panama, which differs from H. morii by its pedunculate inflorescences, pedicellate flowers, and white, greenish yellow, or pink corollas; H. limonensis C. M. Taylor of Costa Rica and western Panama, which differs from H. vesiculifera by its corollas with the acute to acuminate lobes longer than the tube; H. pseudovesiculifera C. M. Taylor of western Panama, which differs from H. vesiculifera by its scorpioid inflorescences and corollas with the lobes longer than the tube and in general unusually long within the genus; H. subcapitata C. M. Taylor of Costa Rica, which differs from H. kirkbridei by its shorter petioles, subcapitate pedunculate inflorescences, and longer broader calyx lobes; and H. veraguensis C. M. Taylor of western Panama, which differs from H. formicaria by its shorter calyx lobes and smaller corollas. The remaining Hoffmannia species newly described here lack ant vesicles on the leaves: H. barbillana C. M. Taylor of Costa Rica differs from H. longipetiolata Pol. in its sessile leaves that are rounded at the base and its epiphytic habit; H. boliviana C. M. Taylor of Bolivia and Peru differs from H. obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl., H. latifolia (Bartl. ex DC.) Kuntze, and H. pearcei Rusby in its longer petioles, broader leaves, and smaller flowers; H. coriacea C. M. Taylor of central Peru is distinguished within Hoffmannia by its narrow leathery leaves and corolla with the tube longer than the lobes; H. costaricensis C. M. Taylor of Costa Rica differs from H. valerioi Standl. in its shorter calyx lobes and oblanceolate leaves; H. micrantha C. M. Taylor of Costa Rica differs from H. hammelii C. M. Taylor by its orange, brown, or purple corollas that are acute in bud; H. pacifica C. M. Taylor of Costa Rica is distinguished from H. hammelii by its subsessile leaves that are rounded to cordulate at the base; H. rivalis C. M. Taylor of lowland Peru is distinguished by its rheophytic habit, densely pubescent stems, narrow leaves, and small flowers; H. tilaranensis C. M. Taylor of Costa Rica differs from H. nicotianifolia (M. Martens & Galeotti) L. O. Williams in its larger red to purple flowers and larger leaves; and H. turrialbana C. M. Taylor of Costa Rica is distinguished from H. pittieri Standl. by its subsessile leaves that are truncate to cordulate at the base and have numerous secondary veins plus its few-flowered racemiform inflorescences.
TL;DR: An attractive new variety of Musella lasiocarpa var.
Abstract: Taxonomic study of the diversity of Musella lasiocarpa (Franch.) C. Y. Wu ex H. W. Li (Musaceae) in China has revealed an attractive new variety from Sichuan Province, southwestern China. Musella lasiocarpa var. rubribracteata Zhenghong Li & H. Ma differs from the autonymic variety by its orange-red to red bracts, the reddish to purple-red coloration of the abaxial surfaces of the petiole and leaf midrib, and a weaker ability of clone reproduction.
TL;DR: The genus Schizocalyx Wedd.
Abstract: . The genus Schizocalyx Wedd. was originally monotypic, but has been recently expanded based on molecular analysis to comprise six species, including four transferred from Bathysa C. Presl, where they were incorrectly classified, and two transferred from Phitopis Hook. f., which is now a synonym. Schizocalyx is now characterized by its calyptrate stipules, corollas with the lobes convolute in bud, capsules that are loculicidal across the apical part, and numerous flattened to angled seeds, as detailed in a revised genus description. This genus is now known from southern Central America through western South America and into central and southeastern Brazil. The nine species keyed here include the seven species previously described, for which nomenclature and range are summarized, and two species newly described here: S. condoricus D. A. Neill & C. M. Taylor, found in the eastern Andean foothills of southern Ecuador and previously confused with S. peruvianus (K. Krause) Kainul. & B. Bremer; and Sch...
TL;DR: The results of morphological observation and principal component analysis indicate that Groutiella laxotorquata (Müll. ex Besch.) is conspecific with G. tomentosa (Hornsch.) Wijk & Margad.
Abstract: The results of morphological observation and principal component analysis indicate that Groutiella laxotorquata (Mull. Hal. ex Besch.) Wijk & Margad. is conspecific with G. tomentosa (Hornsch.) Wijk & Margad. Furthermore, the names G. tomentosa, G. laxotorquata, and G. pobeguinii (Paris & Broth.) Wijk & Margad. are lectotypified.
TL;DR: A new entity is described and illustrated from Copper Canyon National Park, Chihuahua, Mexico, characterized by its caespitose, monocarpic habit, by its small rosettes, and by the similarity of its staminate and pistillate inflorescences in size.
Abstract: Hechtia edulis I. Ramirez, Espejo & Lopez-Ferr. (Bromeliaceae) is described and illustrated from Copper Canyon National Park, Chihuahua, Mexico. The new entity is characterized by its caespitose, monocarpic habit, by its small rosettes, and by the similarity of its staminate and pistillate inflorescences in size, the simple panicles with the branching much shortened, the flowers sessile, the floral bracts scarious, and pistillate flowers with petals green and carnose.
TL;DR: Using multivariate analyses on a matrix of 50 characteristics for 79 specimens, the distinctiveness of a South American S. missouriensis-like taxon was tested and determined to be statistically different from four morphologically similar North American species.
Abstract: A new South American species of Solidago L. (Asteraceae, Astereae) from Argentina, Chile, and Bolivia was identified within the subsection Junceae (Rydb.) G. L. Nesom. Using multivariate analyses on a matrix of 50 characteristics for 79 specimens, the distinctiveness of a South American S. missouriensis-like taxon was tested and determined to be statistically different from four morphologically similar North American species: S. gattingeri Chapm. ex A. Gray, S. juncea Aiton, S. missouriensis Nutt., and S. pinetorum Small. Therefore, a new South American species is proposed: S. argentinensis Lopez Laph. & Semple.
TL;DR: A new species of Elatostema Stipulosa, related to E. nasutum Hook, is described and illustrated from Yunnan Province, China and can be distinguished by its stems that are longitudinally striate, the paired staminate inflorescences opposite one another at the stem nodes, the pistillate inflorescence in pairs or opposite one other at thestem nodes, and the staminated flowers that are 5-merous.
Abstract: A new species of Elatostema J. R. Forst. & G. Forst. (Urticaceae), E. oppositum Q. Lin & Y. M. Shui, belonging to section Weddelia (H. Schroet.) W. T. Wang ser. Stipulosa W. T. Wang, is described and illustrated from Yunnan Province, China. The new species was found on limestone rocks at altitudes of 1700-1940 m and differs from the other species in series Stipulosa by its paired staminate inflorescences that are opposite one another at the stem nodes (staminate inflorescences are solitary in the other species of Elatostema ser. Stipulosa) and by its pistillate inflorescences in pairs at the leaf base or opposite one another at the stem nodes (pistillate inflorescences are solitary in the other species of this series). The new species is related to E. nasutum Hook. f., but can be distinguished by its stems that are longitudinally striate, the paired staminate inflorescences opposite one another at the stem nodes, the pistillate inflorescences in pairs or opposite one another at the stem nodes, and the staminate flowers that are 5-merous.
TL;DR: A new species of Magnoliaceae from Lao Cai Province in northern Vietnam, is described and illustrated and is most closely related to M. dandyi (Gagnep.) Dandy and M. megaphylla Hu & W. C. Cheng.
Abstract: Manglietia crassifolia Q. N. Vu, N. H. Xia & Sima, a new species of Magnoliaceae from Lao Cai Province in northern Vietnam, is described and illustrated. It is most closely related to M. dandyi (Gagnep.) Dandy and M. megaphylla Hu & W. C. Cheng, but differs in its broadly ovoid terminal buds, the thickly leathery leaf blade that is abaxially densely villous with appressed, ferruginous-brown, matted hairs, the purplish cream outermost tepals, the glabrous and purplish red stamens with obtuse appendages, and the ellipsoid, very short-beaked fruits.
TL;DR: Iochroma baumii shares its geographic distribution and many floral features with its closest relatives I. calycinum Benth, but its deep blue flowers with involute corolla lobes, which appear in clusters along older branches, make it easily distinguishable from its congeners.
Abstract: Iochroma baumii S. D. Sm. & S. Leiva (Solanaceae) is described from the cloud forests of Napo in northern Ecuador. We provide a summary of the phylogenetic relationships and recent taxonomic changes in Iochroma Benth. and related genera and discuss the phylogenetic placement of this newest species. Iochroma baumii shares its geographic distribution and many floral features with its closest relatives I. calycinum Benth., I. fuchsioides (Bonpl.) Miers, and I. gesnerioides (Kunth) Miers, but its deep blue flowers with involute corolla lobes, which appear in clusters along older branches, make it easily distinguishable from its congeners.
TL;DR: Quercus delgadoana Kelly, a new species from the states of Hidalgo, Puebla, and Veracruz in the Sierra Madre Oriental, Mexico, is described and illustrated and its morphological similarity to Q. affinis Scheidw is discussed.
Abstract: Quercus delgadoana S. Valencia, Nixon & L. M. Kelly (Fagaceae), a new species from the states of Hidalgo, Puebla, and Veracruz in the Sierra Madre Oriental, Mexico, is described and illustrated. We discuss its morphological similarity to Q. eugeniifolia Liebm., Q. sapotifolia Liebm., Q. salicifolia Nee, Q. laurina Bonpl., and Q. affinis Scheidw., with which it shares narrowly lanceolate leaves and fasciculate stipitate trichomes in the axils of the secondary veins on the underside of the lamina. A dichotomous key is provided to distinguish these species.
TL;DR: A new species of Castanopsis glabrifolia is described from Hainan, China, and one new name, C. hsiensiui is proposed, based on C. hainanensis Merr.
Abstract: A new species, Castanopsis glabrifolia J Q Li & Li Chen, and one new name, C hsiensiui (X M Chen & B P Yu) J Q Li & Li Chen (Fagaceae), are described from Hainan, China They both grow on sandy beaches Castanopsis glabrifolia is closely related to C chinensis (Spreng) Hance, differing from it by having smaller leaves, shorter petioles, fewer secondary veins, and smaller cupules that are incompletely covered by shorter spines Castanopsis chinensis var hainanica X M Chen & B P Yu is treated as a new synonym of C glabrifolia The new name C hsiensiui is proposed, based on C hainanensis Merr var litoralis X M Chen & B P Yu, with the variety recognized at higher rank based on its glabrous branches and petioles, the smaller cupules with the external surfaces visible, and the nuts that are glabrous or sparsely pubescent near the apex
TL;DR: Clarification of the identity of Cephaelis croatii Dwyer shows that it is a distinct species of Psychotria, and the new combination P. boraginoides Dwyer is here considered to differ at the species level from P. acuminata Benth.
Abstract: The Neotropical genus Borojoa Cuatrec. (Rubiaceae) is now considered a synonym of Alibertia A. Rich. ex DC. Consequently, three species named in Borojoa and found in Costa Rica and Panama are transferred to Alibertia with these corresponding nomenclatural changes: the new combination A. atlantica (Dwyer) Delprete & C. H. Perss. is based on B. atlantica Dwyer, the new name A. dwyeri Delprete & C. H. Perss. is provided for B. panamensis Dwyer, and the new combination A. patinoi (Cuatrec.) Delprete & C. H. Perss. is provided for B. patinoi Cuatrec. Additionally, the species A. premontana C. M. Taylor is reduced to a variety of A. edulis (Rich.) A. Rich. ex DC., as A. edulis var. premontana (C. M. Taylor) Delprete & C. H. Perss. A lectotype is selected for A. edulis. The recent publication of Arachnothryx chimalaparum Lorence ex Borhidi designated a holotype deposited at MO, but no such specimen has been located; a lectotype is here chosen based on a duplicate of the holotype deposited at MEXU. The new species Notopleura recondita Hammel & C. M. Taylor of the Osa Peninsula of Costa Rica can be distinguished from N. polyphlebia (Donn. Sm.) C. M. Taylor by its leaf blades with the secondary veins plane on the adaxial surface and its short cymose or paniculiform inflorescences. The new species Palicourea matamana C. M. Taylor of premontane forests of central-eastern Costa Rica can be separated from P. orosiana C. M. Taylor by its larger stipules, longer calyx lobes, and hirsute pubescence. The new species P. providenciana J. Sanchez-Gonz. & C. M. Taylor of montane forests in south-central Costa Rica can be separated from P. hammelii C. M. Taylor by its longer lanceolate stipule lobes, dark purple or yellow-flushed inflorescences, and shorter calyx lobes. The Panamanian plants treated previously as Psychotria acuminata subsp. boraginoides Dwyer are here considered to differ at the species level from P. acuminata Benth., and accordingly the new combination P. boraginoides (Dwyer) C. M. Taylor is here published for this species. Clarification of the identity of Cephaelis croatii Dwyer shows that it is a distinct species of Psychotria, and the new combination P. croatii (Dwyer) C. M. Taylor is published here for this species. The new species P. herrerana C. M. Taylor of central Costa Rica can be recognized by its combination of large, sessile, elliptic leaves, its large paniculiform inflorescences, and its relatively small corollas. Study of the Costa Rican plants previously called Rudgea thyrsiflora Donn. Sm. shows that these do not have the characters of Rudgea, but are similar to Psychotria racemosa Rich. and better included in this latter genus; the new name P. tsakiana C. M. Taylor is here published for this species. The new combination Simira panamensis (Dwyer) C. M. Taylor is published here based on the name Bathysa panamensis Dwyer, which has priority over the name S. darienensis Dwyer; both of the names Dwyer published are based on the same type specimen, thus the later name S. darienensis is illegitimate.