Showing papers in "Nuclear Instruments and Methods in 1977"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a formula designated figure-of-merit (FOM) which greatly improves on the uncertainty and fluctuations of the χN2 formula.

TL;DR: In this paper, a non-linear least-squares analysis of low-energy X-ray spectra obtained by tube-excited Xray fluorescence analysis is presented.

TL;DR: In this article, the photo-ionization process in gases and single photon pulse counting in multi-wire proportional chambers (MWPC) was investigated and shown to be possible with about 50% quantum efficiency for photons above 9.5 eV.

TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive discussion of the various contributions to the uncertainty in the measured relative γ-ray intensities is included. But the uncertainties are typically 1-2% (at the 68% confidence level) between 300 and 2000 keV.

TL;DR: The role of pulsed spallation neutron sources for slow neutron spectroscopy is sketched in this paper, and the effect of moderator-reflectors, which enhance the slow neutron beam current at low energies, are examined.

TL;DR: In this paper, a specially designed hadron calorimeter was used to study the contributions of different mechanisms affecting the energy resolution of such instruments and it was shown that in ordinary materials the resolution is dominated by nuclear fluctuations.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered the dense plasma focus formed under special conditions at the open end of a coaxial accelerator as a plasma neutron source, the versatility of which is still unexplored.

TL;DR: In this article, a Gauss function and numerical corrections are incorporated into a non-linear least-squares fitting program used for the analysis of X-ray induced Xray fluorescence spectra.

TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed study of the light pulse shape from the binary NE 111 and the ternary Pilot U, Naton 136, KL 236, NE 102A, NE 104 and NE 110 plastic scintillators was performed by the single photon method using XP 1021 and C 31024 photomultipliers.

TL;DR: Some 46 elements have been investigated in a cesium beam sputter ion source with a view to ascertaining which negative ion species are most suitable for use with a tandem accelerator as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, neutron yields and spectral distributions of neutrons produced by bombarding thick 7Li and 9Be targets with protons and deuterons of energies 14.8, 18 and 23 MeV were measured at five angles between 0° and 40°.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present some of the less recognized and potentially important parameters of the electronics and detectors used in X-ray fluorescence spectrometers, including window effects, time-dependent background and excess background.

TL;DR: A time-of-flight pulsed neutron diffractometer for the measurement of liquid and amorphous structures was built using a pulsed neut source installed at the Tohoku University 300 MeV electron linac.

TL;DR: In this paper, the Ep = 992 keV resonance in the 27Al(p,γ)28Si reaction was used for relative and absolute γ-ray intensity measurements.

TL;DR: In this paper, the characteristics of a hodoscope (cell-type) Cherenkov spectrometer made of TF-1 lead glass have been studied in a 25 GeV electron beam and it is shown that with cell dimensions of about 3.5 cm one can achieve an accuracy of about 1.5 mm in measuring the coordinates of high energy photons.

TL;DR: In this article, the pulser method has been used for the correction of dead-time and pile-up losses in Ge(Li)-spectrometry, however, the usefulness of this method is limited, due to the different shapes of the full energy peaks and pulser peak.

TL;DR: A position sensitive parallel plate avalanche detector has been developed as particle detector for heavy-ion X-ray coincidence measurements as discussed by the authors, which can handle counting rates of more than 2 × 106 particles/s on an area of 0.1 mm2.

TL;DR: In this article, a time-zero detector was developed for reaction product mass identification which has as its novel feature a 180° isochronous transport of secondary electrons in a magnetic field, where secondary electrons produced when particles pass through a thin carbon foil are accelerated to approximately 2 keV by a parallel-wire harp of 99% transmission.

TL;DR: In this article, a comparison between the limits of detection for trace elements when charged-particle and photon excited X-ray fluorescence analysis are performed on a specific type of sample (5 mg/cm/sup 2/ organic based).

TL;DR: In this article, a multi-wire proportional chamber on orthogonal cathode strips is integrated after filtering through gates of variable widths, down to about 30 ns, and the determination of the charge centroid gives two coordinates.

TL;DR: In this paper, a Monte Carlo calculation of fluctuations and the most probable values of ionization energy loss in rare gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe at NTP within the detector lengths 1-40 cm is performed for particles with minimum ionization and ionization in the Fermi plateau region.

TL;DR: In this paper, the depth profiling by nuclear reactions is discussed for D, 3 He, and 6 Li atoms in solid absorbers, and a detailed discussion is given on the quality data of this technique, especially the depth resolution.

TL;DR: In this article, a method for calculating the distorted or observed high counting rate pulse-height spectra from spectrometry systems when the undistorted or true spectra are known from low counting rate spectra was developed based on double sum pulses and approximation of the pulse shape by a parabola.

TL;DR: In this article, a focal plane system was developed for the MIT energy-loss magnetic spectrometer, where the arrival time information from adjacent wires of one MWPC (s = 2 mm) was used to trace particle trajectories with a position resolution of 120 μm (2σ) and an angular resolution of less than 17 mrad (1σ).

TL;DR: In this paper, a Monte Carlo method utilizing total varience reduction is applied to the calculation of the solid angle subtebded by a right circular cylindrical detector from a point of arbitrary position.

TL;DR: In this article, strong variations of 3 6 Li(n, α) pulse height with temperature variations in the range 77-500K are reported in a series of lithium silicate glass detectors for thermal neutrons.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe transition radiators constructed from thin foils of lithium, used to separate electrons from heavier charged particles at the CERN Intersecting Storage Rings (ISR).

TL;DR: In this paper, a 5 cm by 5 cm NE-213 scintillator is mounted on a 56 AVP photomultiplier tube utilizing a bridge with two high voltage supplies.

TL;DR: In this article, the enhancement in PIXE due to secondary excitation by bremsstrahlung, secondary electrons, target-target collisions, Auger electrons and primary induced X-rays is discussed.