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Showing papers in "Online Information Review in 2014"


Journal ArticleDOI

318 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors may not be able to make you love reading, but the science of evaluation a realist manifesto will lead you to love reading starting from now.
Abstract: We may not be able to make you love reading, but the science of evaluation a realist manifesto will lead you to love reading starting from now. Book is the window to open the new world. The world that you want is in the better stage and level. World will always guide you to even the prestige stage of the life. You know, this is some of how reading will give you the kindness. In this case, more books you read more knowledge you know, but it can mean also the bore is full.

305 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study found that argument quality, source credibility, source attractiveness, source perception and source style are critical antecedents of persuasive eWOM messages.
Abstract: Purpose – Numerous electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) studies have been conducted to examine the effectiveness of persuasive eWOM messages. Despite the impact of eWOM messages in decision-making processes, few researches have directly tested potential antecedents of persuasive eWOM messages among message recipients in social media context. The purpose of this paper is to critically discuss and examine the determinants of persuasive eWOM messages when message recipients intend to accept and use eWOM messages. Design/methodology/approach – The authors reviewed extant literature of eWOM and proposed hypotheses regarding persuasive eWOM messages in social media context. A survey of 78 respondents was conducted and the data were analysed using SmartPLS. Findings – This study found that argument quality, source credibility, source attractiveness, source perception and source style are critical antecedents of persuasive eWOM messages. The PLS results suggested that source credibility (trustworthiness), source perce...

196 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the category of motivation based on self-determination theory and synthesises various motivation factors in crowdsourcing contest and builds a conceptual model to illustrate the relationships between various motivations and participation effort under the moderating of perceived motivational affordances and task granularity.
Abstract: Purpose – The rapid development of Web 2.0 and social media enables the rise of crowdsourcing. Crowdsourcing contest is a typical case of crowdsourcing and has been adopted by many organisations for business solution and decision making. From a participant's perspective, it is interesting to explore what motivates people to participate in crowdsourcing contest. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the category of motivation based on self-determination theory and synthesises various motivation factors in crowdsourcing contest. Meanwhile, perceived motivational affordances and task granularity are also examined as the moderate constructs. Design/methodology/approach – The paper builds a conceptual model to illustrate the relationships between various motivations (extrinsic and intrinsic) and participation effort under the moderating of perceived motivational affordances and task granularity. An empirical study is conducted to test the research model by surveying the Chinese participants of crowdsourc...

138 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results revealed that the influences of self-perceptions of opinion leadership, perceived tie strength in online networks and perceived preference of online news had significant effects on users’ news sharing intention in social media, however, self- Perceived news credibility, homophily, and perceived news credibility were not significant.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to draw from the diffusion of innovations theory to explore multi-levels of influences (i.e. individuals, networks, news attributes) on news sharing in social media. Design/methodology/approach – A survey was designed and administered to 309 respondents. Structural equation modelling analysis was conducted to examine the three levels of influential factors. These included self-perceptions of opinion leadership and seeking at the individual level, perceived tie strength and homophily at the network level, and finally, perceived news credibility and news preference at the news attribute level. Findings – The results revealed that the influences of self-perceptions of opinion leadership, perceived tie strength in online networks and perceived preference of online news had significant effects on users’ news sharing intention in social media. However, self-perceptions of opinion seeking, homophily, and perceived news credibility were not significant. Originality/value – T...

131 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Data analysis shows that attitude appears as a key variable in increasing loyalty to fan pages, and a significant positive influence of perceived usefulness, attitude, trust and dependency on loyalty in fan pages is found.
Abstract: Purpose – With the rapid expansion of social networking sites, researchers and practitioners are challenged to understand drivers of customer loyalty in fan pages. The purpose of this paper is to identify the main drivers of Facebook fan page loyalty in order to promote the creation of affective links and long-term relationships with users. Design/methodology/approach – The impact of trust, fan page content dependency, attitude and consumer beliefs on loyalty to fan pages was tested through structural equation modelling techniques. The sample consisted of 691 Spanish Facebook users. Findings – Data analysis shows that attitude appears as a key variable in increasing loyalty to fan pages. The empirical study also found a significant positive influence of perceived usefulness, attitude, trust and dependency on loyalty in fan pages, and an indirect influence of perceived ease of use mediated by perceived usefulness and attitude. Practical implications – This research enables managers to know what aspects to ...

117 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that the government's direct networking strategy targeting citizens does not necessarily motivate their participation in thegovernment's social media activities but that it plays an instrumental role in reinforcing G2G relationships.
Abstract: – This study aims to explore Twitter use by Korea's central government by classifying the government's Twitter-based networking strategies into government-to-citizen (G2C) and government-to-government (G2G) strategies , – The study investigates the nature of social media interactions and networking strategies in the Korean government by extracting tweets, follower/following relationships, and hyperlinks for 32 ministries Network patterns and networking strategies are reviewed through descriptive statistical analysis and social network analysis to map the government's Twitter activity , – The results indicate that the government's direct networking strategy targeting citizens does not necessarily motivate their participation in the government's social media activities but that it plays an instrumental role in reinforcing G2G relationships , – This study investigates the social media use patterns (eg network properties and co-link analyses) and strategies (eg the reciprocity of relationships and content-push strategies) in the context of G2C and G2G relationships in Korea's public sector

86 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An integrative structural model is developed to explain how social influences, which are divided into social conformity and social values, work with other salient factors such as the utilitarian and hedonic values to affect the use of Twitter.
Abstract: Purpose – Based on social conformity and social value perspectives, the authors aim to empirically examine the critical role of social influences on Twitter user behaviour. Design/methodology/approach – An integrative structural model is developed to explain how social influences, which are divided into social conformity and social values, work with other salient factors such as the utilitarian and hedonic values to affect the use of Twitter. The partial least square method was used to verify the proposed model with usable data from 204 adult Korean Twitter users. Findings – Social conformity positively affects the frequent use of Twitter and it is mediated through perceived values such as the hedonic, utilitarian and social appearance values associated with Twitter use. While social appearance negatively affected the trustworthiness of information shared on Twitter, the social capital effect on Twitter use was insignificant. Research limitations/implications – This study has some limitations for general ...

68 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Based on data gathered from Scopus, field-specific excellence can be identified in institutions where highly-cited papers have been frequently published.
Abstract: Purpose – The web application presented in this paper allows for an analysis to reveal centres of excellence in different fields worldwide using publication and citation data. Only specific aspects of institutional performance are taken into account and other aspects such as teaching performance or societal impact of research are not considered. The purpose of this paper is to address these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Based on data gathered from Scopus, field-specific excellence can be identified in institutions where highly-cited papers have been frequently published. Findings – The web application (www.excellencemapping.net) combines both a list of institutions ordered by different indicator values and a map with circles visualising indicator values for geocoded institutions. Originality/value – Compared to the mapping and ranking approaches introduced hitherto, our underlying statistics (multi-level models) are analytically oriented by allowing the estimation of values for the number of excel...

68 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A research model is developed that examines the effect of information overload and information disorganisation upon customers’ perceived risk and purchase intention online in a single integrative model and suggests a positive relationship betweenInformation overload and customer purchase intention and that internet experience reinforces this positive effect.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a research model that examines the effect of information overload and information disorganisation upon customers’ perceived risk and purchase intention online in a single integrative model. In addition the paper investigates whether internet experience moderates these relationships. Design/methodology/approach – To achieve the paper's objectives an experiment that involved visiting the ten most visited e-commerce web sites in Spain was conducted. Hypotheses were tested by using structural equation modelling on a data set of 1,396 online shopping customers. Findings – The results suggest a positive relationship between information overload and customer purchase intention and that internet experience reinforces this positive effect. Moreover the results confirm that the relationship between information disorganisation and customer purchase intention is not significant and that internet experience does not moderate the relationship. The findings also indicate...

66 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The findings showed that self-control and usefulness are important antecedents of customer value delivery and perceptions of online bank reputation were enhanced by the satisfaction derived from positive customer encounters with online banking services.
Abstract: Purpose – In an online banking context this study seeks to explore the relation between the relationship marketing factors of customer intentions to continue to use services and to recommend these services to others, and the technology acceptance factors of self-control, usefulness, customer value, technology-based service encounter satisfaction and reputation. Innovatively this study also compares the proposed model in two countries, Portugal and Austria. Design/methodology/approach – Derived from a review of previous literature, a survey was developed and data were collected using the online survey service of universities in two countries, Portugal and Austria. The partial least squares approach was employed to test the hypotheses. Findings – The findings showed that self-control and usefulness are important antecedents of customer value delivery. Furthermore perceptions of online bank reputation were enhanced by the satisfaction derived from positive customer encounters with online banking services. Un...


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors found that there are patterns between some personality dimensions in conversations, and used the five factor model of personality or Big Five, which has been widely studied in psychology to discover patterns.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this work is to analyse the relationships between the personality traits of linked users in online social networks. First the authors tried to discover relation patterns between personality dimensions in conversations. They also wanted to verify some hypotheses: whether users' personality is stable throughout different conversation threads and whether the similarity-attraction paradigm can be verified in this context. They used the five factor model of personality or Big Five, which has been widely studied in psychology. Design/methodology/approach – One of the approaches to detect users' personalities is by analysing the language they use when they talk to others. Based on this assumption the authors computed users' personality from the conversations extracted from the MySpace social network. Then the authors analysed the relationships among personality traits of users to discover patterns. Findings – The authors found that there are patterns between some personality dimensions i...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors conducted a descriptive study in which they examined coverage by discipline, publisher distribution by field and country of publication, and publisher impact, finding that 80.5% of the books and chapters remained uncited.
Abstract: – The aim of this study is to analyse the disciplinary coverage of Thomson Reuters' Book Citation Index database focusing on publisher presence, impact and specialisation. , – The authors conducted a descriptive study in which they examined coverage by discipline, publisher distribution by field and country of publication, and publisher impact. For this purpose the Thomson Reuters' subject categories were aggregated into 15 disciplines. , – Humanities and social sciences comprise 30 per cent of the total share of this database. Most of the disciplines are covered by very few publishers mainly from the UK and USA (75.05 per cent of the books), in fact 33 publishers hold 90 per cent of the whole share. Regarding publisher impact, 80.5 per cent of the books and chapters remained uncited. Two serious errors were found in this database: the Book Citation Index does not retrieve all citations for books and chapters; and book citations do not include citations to their chapters. , – There are currently no studies analysing in depth the coverage of this novel database which covers monographs.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The types of social media applications in the selected digital libraries are presented and further characterises their placements, update frequency, types of interactions between digital librarians and users, as well as various types of roles they played.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the applications of social media in digital libraries and identify related problems. Design/methodology/approach – A total of ten institutions were selected from the following cultural institution types – public libraries, academic libraries, museums, government, and international organisations – to represent a variety of digital libraries developed or sponsored by different types of organisations. The social media applications were examined with regard to the following aspects: types of social media, placement of social media, updating social media, types of interactions, and types of functions. Findings – This study presents the types of social media applications in the selected digital libraries and further characterises their placements, update frequency, types of interactions between digital librarians and users, as well as various types of roles they played. In the process of analysis the authors also identified problems related to lack of standa...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results show that local governments report less strategic and socio-economic information when subjected to strong media pressure, because the press tends to focus on unusual, negative news, and ignores other issues such as the environment.
Abstract: Purpose – The aim of this study is to analyse the level of environmental, economic, and social engagement disclosed by local governments, taking into account factors such as political ideology and media pressure. Design/methodology/approach – The authors analysed 102 large Spanish municipalities, using data from 2011. An econometric model was used based on dependency techniques for cross-sectional data. The Tobit technique is suitable, since it enables the authors to address particular considerations of extreme scores on the dependent variable. Findings – The results show that local governments report less strategic and socio-economic information when subjected to strong media pressure, because the press tends to focus on unusual, negative news, and ignores other issues such as the environment. However, in municipalities governed by left-wing parties, media pressure actually promotes disclosure of this type of information. Research limitations/implications – It would be interesting to create an informatio...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors analyse the social factors available in social networks in the light of sociological theories which endorse individuals’ susceptibility to influence within a group.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose an approach to generate recommendations for groups on the basis of social factors extracted from a social network. Group recommendation techniques traditionally assumed users were independent individuals, ignoring the effects of social interaction and relationships among users. In this work the authors analyse the social factors available in social networks in the light of sociological theories which endorse individuals’ susceptibility to influence within a group. Design/methodology/approach – The approach proposed is based on the creation of a group model in two stages: identifying the items that are representative of the majority's preferences, and analysing members’ similarity; and extracting potential influence from members’ interactions in a social network to predict a group's opinion on each item. Findings – The promising results obtained when evaluating the approach in the movie domain suggest that individual opinions tend to be accommodated to grou...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is through remarkable yet quotidian episodes that Ben Kafka develops his book on the demon of writing and through the historical characters, he illustrates the topics to address about the essential role paperwork took in society and why, after all, it would still be to blame for the problems of the State.
Abstract: It is through remarkable yet quotidian episodes that Ben Kafka develops his book on the demon of writing. Referring to the reproduction of paperwork as such, Kafka goes back to the start of the French Revolution, where bureaucracy was applied as the tool for the representative government, the new kind of political system that the revolution introduced in the end of the XVIII century in Europe. Kafka, hence, leans on those episodes and through the historical characters, he illustrates the topics to address about the essential role paperwork took in society and why, after all, it would still be to blame for the problems of the State. Edme-Etienne Morizot is the fi rst important character in the book, and he is the one that represents the revolution of paperwork that the episode of 1789 brought to France. As he was fi red from his job in the Ministry of Finance, a year before the revolution, the real reasons for his dismissal were yet legitimate for the time: he was replaced by the son-in-law of the king’s aunt’s chambermaid. Unsatisfi ed with his circumstances, the following years for Morizot were marked by his claims to get his job back, or at least a fi nancial compensation, but the French Revolution had transformed the whole offi cial sphere: Morizot, trying to fi nd someone to help him, could only fi nd paperwork and processes in a depersonalized system that “gave a damn to his problem”, as Kafka points out. The representativeness the revolution sought to settle in France came with bureaucracy, and accountability was the key word. Making a contrast to

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The three textual characteristics offered useful insights to identify authentic online reviews from manipulative ones and the differences between authentic and manipulative reviews in terms of comprehensibility and informativeness were more conspicuous for negative entries.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which textual characteristics of online reviews help identify authentic entries from manipulative ones across positive and negative comments. Design/methodology/approach – A theoretical framework is proposed to identify authentic online reviews from manipulative ones based on three textual characteristics, namely, comprehensibility, informativeness, and writing style. The framework is tested using two publicly available data sets, one comprising positive reviews to hype own offerings, and the other including negative reviews to slander competing offerings. Logistic regression is used for analysis. Findings – The three textual characteristics offered useful insights to identify authentic online reviews from manipulative ones. In particular, the differences between authentic and manipulative reviews in terms of comprehensibility and informativeness were more conspicuous for negative entries. On the other hand, the differences between authen...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results revealed that anonymous users in virtual communities and users in groups comprising familiar members are more willing to express inconsistent opinions than non-anonymous users and Users in groups containing unfamiliar members, respectively.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to extend a traditional communication theory, spiral of silence, to explore the effects of user anonymity and member familiarity on opinion expression behaviour in a virtual environment. Design/methodology/approach – A laboratory experiment method was used to manipulate user anonymity, member familiarity, and opinion congruity to measure the willingness to express opinions concerning controversial topics. Findings – A total of 147 participants were recruited in the experiment. The results revealed that anonymous users in virtual communities and users in groups comprising familiar members are more willing to express inconsistent opinions than non-anonymous users and users in groups containing unfamiliar members, respectively. In addition, anonymous and non-anonymous users as well as users in groups comprising familiar members and those in groups containing unfamiliar members are equally willing to express consistent opinions. Originality/value – This is the first stud...


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A usability study to analyse user interfaces for search and collection visualisation and navigation from a usability perspective to offer repository owners a scientific basis to support their decisions when they have to choose an interface that can really help users to effectively locate and visualise resources over large digital collections.
Abstract: Purpose – This paper aims to analyse user interfaces for search and collection visualisation and navigation from a usability perspective. The final aim is to offer repository owners a scientific basis to support their decisions when they have to choose an interface that can really help users to effectively locate and visualise resources over large digital collections. Design/methodology/approach – This HCI study is divided into two parts: perception and usability. The first one analysed three perceptual abilities required to use interfaces: attention, retention of information and understanding. The second one was run on an ad hoc generated collection including more than 40,000 European digital resources collected and classified according to a given branch of knowledge in the Art & Architecture Thesaurus. Findings – Although visual interfaces proved useful for certain tasks related to resource discovery and search, and despite the overall good general user opinion, the authors found it necessary to conduct...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The obsolescence process of Microsoft Academic Search (MAS) as well as the effects of this decline in the coverage of disciplines and journals, and their influence in the representativeness of organizations are described.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the obsolescence process of Microsoft Academic Search (MAS) as well as the effects of this decline in the coverage of disciplines and journals, and their influence in the representativeness of organizations. Design/methodology/approach – The total number of records and those belonging to the most reputable journals (1,762) and organizations (346) according to the Field Rating indicator in each of the 15 fields and 204 sub-fields of MAS, have been collected and statistically analysed in March 2014, by means of an automated querying process via http, covering academic publications from 1700 to present. Findings – MAS has no longer been updated since 2013, although this phenomenon began to be glimpsed in 2011, when its coverage plummeted. Throughout 2014, indexing of new records is still ongoing, but at a minimum rate, without following any apparent pattern. Research limitations/implications – There are also retrospective records being indexed at present. In...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A conceptual model of how blog readers' perceptions of satisfaction generate blog loyalty, which in turn enhances bloggers' power is presented, and subjective norms exhibited a positive moderating relationship between exchange outcome satisfaction and attitudinal loyalty.
Abstract: Purpose – This study aims to present a conceptual model of how blog readers' perceptions of satisfaction generate blog loyalty, which in turn enhances bloggers' power. This study also seeks to investigate the moderating influence of subjective norms on the relationship between satisfaction and loyalty. Design/methodology/approach – The structural equation modelling approach was used to estimate a conceptual model based on survey data from blog readers in Taiwan. After discarding incomplete responses, the final sample consisted of 567 completed responses. Findings – The majority of the results supported the hypotheses. Three types of exchange outcome satisfaction influence blog readers' perceptions of bloggers' power by increasing attitudinal loyalty. Information satisfaction has a direct and positive effect on expert power. Most importantly subjective norms exhibited a positive moderating relationship between exchange outcome satisfaction and attitudinal loyalty. The authors found no evidence to support t...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This captive audience the telecom industry and monopoly power in the new gilded age and how to pick guide in various file types and media is offered.
Abstract: Required a terrific e-book? captive audience the telecom industry and monopoly power in the new gilded age by , the most effective one! Wan na get it? Locate this outstanding electronic book by below currently. Download or review online is available. Why we are the most effective site for downloading this captive audience the telecom industry and monopoly power in the new gilded age Naturally, you can pick guide in various file types and media. Look for ppt, txt, pdf, word, rar, zip, as well as kindle? Why not? Obtain them below, now!

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors have established the intensity and direction of impact of six factors on the IFR index: size, profitability, the company's legal form, ownership concentration, age and sector, and the opinions of users towards newer methods of online financial reporting.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to establish the level of internet financial reporting (IFR) of Slovenian companies, including the contents as well as the presentations of online financial information. The second objective was to explore the opinions of users towards newer methods of online financial reporting. Design/methodology/approach – IFR was evaluated on the basis of the IFR index composed of 32 contents-related and 18 presentations-related elements. By means of regression analysis, the authors have established the intensity and direction of impact of six factors on the IFR index: size, profitability, the company's legal form, ownership concentration, age and sector. Findings – During the first research phase, the authors established that 110 (52.64 per cent) of large companies disclose its financial information on its web site. Factors which impact the IFR are as follows: company size, ownership concentration, legal form and sector of operation. Larger companies, companies with a lower owne...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study confirms that quality attributes positively affect user satisfaction, which in turn positively influences learning performance directly or indirectly through the mediation of system use.
Abstract: Purpose – Based on previous information systems/educational technology success models, the purpose of this paper is to establish a comprehensive, multidimensional model for assessing blog-based learning systems success. Design/methodology/approach – Data collected from 240 blog-based learning systems users in the context of higher education were tested against the model using the structural equation modelling approach. Findings – The results indicate the interrelationships between six system success variables: system quality, content quality, context and linkage quality, user satisfaction, system use, and learning performance. In particular, this study confirms that quality attributes positively affect user satisfaction, which in turn positively influences learning performance directly or indirectly through the mediation of system use. Originality/value – This study is a pioneering effort to develop and validate a blog-based learning systems success model.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The characteristics of the co-occurrence network of online tags are explored and new approaches of applying social network analysis by utilising social tagging in order to organise data are proposed.
Abstract: Purpose – This paper aims to explore the characteristics of the co-occurrence network of online tags and propose new approaches of applying social network analysis by utilising social tagging in order to organise data. Design/methodology/approach – The authors collected online resources labelled “tag” from 7 November 2004 to 31 October 2011 from the CiteULike website, comprising 684 papers and their URLs, titles and data on tagging (users, times, and tags). They examined the co-occurrence network of online tags by using the analyses of social networks, including the analysis of coherence, the analysis of centricity and core to periphery categorical analysis. Findings – Some features of the co-occurrence of online tags are as follows: the internet is subject to the “small world” phenomenon, as well as being “scale-free”. The structure of the internet reflects stable areas of core knowledge. In addition to five possible applications of social network analysis, social tagging has the greatest significance in...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The extent and main purposes of the YouTube channel's usage, the companies’ activities and online practices, as well as the factors on this platform influencing the channel's activity, the audience, and the stakeholders’ engagement are analyzed.
Abstract: Purpose – The current study extends the investigation into online relationship building by examining how Eurozone companies belonging to the EURO STOXX 600 index use the popular video platform YouTube to facilitate dialogic communication with their stakeholders. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the extent and main purposes of the channel's usage, the companies’ activities and online practices, as well as the factors on this platform influencing the channel's activity, the audience, and the stakeholders’ engagement. Design/methodology/approach – To achieve this goal a sample of 306 Eurozone companies listed in the STOXX Europe 600 index, including 19 subsectors and 12 countries, have been analysed. Stakeholder and dialogic theory were applied as a theoretical background for this study. Findings – The results indicated that 44 per cent of companies studied have an official YouTube channel, which is mostly used for promotional purposes. It was found that the size of the company, the sector, and its co...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results reveal that only part of e-WOM is granted credibility, and its persuasiveness depends on those limited positive judgements.
Abstract: Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to find out how credibility judgements intervene in the consumption of electronic-Word of Mouth (e-WOM) in tourism, as there is discrepancy in the literature about its influence on decision-making processes. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative approach is explored, based on semi-structured interviews and observation through think-aloud protocol. This methodology provides fruitful insights as it focuses on the users’ browsing habits. The author interviewed a sample of professionals of tourism, cybertourists and bloggers. Findings – Results reveal that only part of e-WOM is granted credibility. Therefore, its persuasiveness depends on those limited positive judgements. Travellers use a conceptual mindset and a series of cognitive heuristics (homophily, crowd consensus, etc.) to assess credibility. Formal knowledge background and social pressures have proven to be weak. Research limitations/implications – This study is limited to a reduced sample of informants b...