Ophthalmic Surgery and Lasers 

About: Ophthalmic Surgery and Lasers is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Vitrectomy & Visual acuity. It has an ISSN identifier of 1082-3069. Over the lifetime, 3063 publications have been published receiving 38147 citations.

Optical Coherence Tomography

Abstract: A technique called optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been developed for noninvasive cross-sectional imaging in biological systems. OCT uses low-coherence interferometry to produce a two-dimensional image of optical scattering from internal tissue microstructures in a way that is analogous to ultrasonic pulse-echo imaging. OCT has longitudinal and lateral spatial resolutions of a few micrometers and can detect reflected signals as small as approximately 10(-10) of the incident optical power. Tomographic imaging is demonstrated in vitro in the peripapillary area of the retina and in the coronary artery, two clinically relevant examples that are representative of transparent and turbid media, respectively.

Ultrahigh-speed swept-source OCT angiography in exudative AMD.

Abstract: Background and objective To investigate the potential of ultrahigh-speed swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to visualize retinal and choroidal vascular changes in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Patients and methods Observational, prospective cross-sectional study. An ultrahigh-speed swept-source prototype was used to perform OCTA of the retinal and choriocapillaris microvasculature in 63 eyes of 32 healthy controls and 19 eyes of 15 patients with exudative AMD. Main outcome measure qualitative comparison of the retinal and choriocapillaris microvasculature in the two groups. Results Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) was clearly visualized in 16 of the 19 eyes with exudative AMD, located above regions of severe choriocapillaris alteration. In 14 of these eyes, the CNV lesions were surrounded by regions of choriocapillaris alteration. Conclusion OCTA may offer noninvasive monitoring of the retinal and choriocapillaris microvasculature in patients with CNV, which may assist in diagnosis and monitoring.

Treatment outcomes in a 10-year study of endogenous fungal endophthalmitis.

Abstract: . BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To review prevalence of organisms, associated factors, and treatment outcomes from one medical center's 10-year experience managing culture-proven endogenous fungal endophthalmitis (EFE). . PATIENTS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed the microbiology and corresponding clinical records of patients diagnosed as having culture-proven EFE at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute during a 10-year period. . RESULTS: Culture-proven EFE occurred in 20 eyes of 18 patients. Candida species occurred in 17 of 20 eyes (85%), and Aspergillus species occurred in 3 of 20 eyes (15%). The most common association was long-term intravenous line placement, which was present in 12 patients (67%). Whereas 12 patients (67%) had a history of recent hospitalization, only 2 (11%) had a documented history of systemic fungal infection. After initial examination, only 2 patients had a systemic culture positive for a fungal organism (none had a positive blood culture). Treatment after initial examination included pars plana vitrectomy in 17 of the 20 eyes (85%), intravitreal amphotericin B in 19 eyes (95%), and systemic antifungal medication in 16 eyes of 15 patients. Thirteen of the 17 eyes (76%) with Candida endophthalmitis and 0 of 3 eyes with Aspergillus endophthalmitis achieved visual acuity of 20/400 or better. . CONCLUSIONS The most common cause of culture-proven EFE at the authors' institution is Candida species. The overall visual outcomes were more favorable for Candida cases than they were for Aspergillus cases. In the treatment of patients with marked vitreous infiltrates from EFE, pars plana vitrectomy, intravitreal amphotericin B injection, and administration of appropriate systemic antifungal medication (fluconazole for Candida) are generally recommended.

Inhibition of migrating lens epithelial cells at the capsular bend created by the rectangular optic edge of a posterior chamber intraocular lens.

Abstract: . BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanism of the reportedly low incidence of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) in eyes treated with a posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL). . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Various IOL designs, including the PC IOL, were studied using scanning electron microscopy. Rabbit lens capsules were studied histopathologically 2, 3, and 4 weeks after implantation of a PC IOL in one eye and a biconvex polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) IOL in the contralateral eye as a control. . RESULTS: The optic edge of the PC IOL was sharp and rectangular, whereas that of the biconvex PMMA or silicone IOLs from various manufacturers had been smoothed and rounded by polishing. PCO was significantly reduced in the eye with a PC IOL in all rabbits. The lens capsule wrapped tightly around the optic edge of the PC IOL so that it conformed to the same shape and thereby created a distinct rectangular bend in the capsule or a rectangle between the optic edge and the posterior capsule. Migrating lens epithelial cells (LECs) were obviously inhibited at that site. . CONCLUSIONS: A discontinuous capsular bend or rectangle created by the sharp, square optic edge of the PC IOL may have induced contact inhibition to migrating LECs and reduced PCO. How, whether, and to what extent this design-dependent effect is influenced by features of the IOL material needs to be clarified by comparison with results achieved with an IOL made from the same material in a different design and vice versa.

OCT angiography in healthy human subjects.

Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To noninvasively evaluate the retinal microvasculature in healthy human subjects with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). PATIENTS AND METHODS Cross-sectional, observational study of five healthy subjects. OCTA was performed on 3 × 3 mm(2) sections centered on the fovea, nasal macula, and temporal macula. Retinal vasculature was assessed within three horizontal slabs consisting of the inner, middle, and outer retina. The vasculature within each retinal slab was reconstructed using phase-based and intensity contrast-based algorithms and visualized as separate en face images. RESULTS OCTA in healthy subjects demonstrates capillary networks consistent with previous histological studies. No retinal vessels were found in the outer retina. OCT angiography of the inner and middle retinal layers showed region-specific vascular patterns that consistently corroborated qualitative findings from past histological studies. CONCLUSION OCTA generates high-resolution, noninvasive angiograms qualitatively similar to conventional fluorescein angiography. OCTA may serve as a bridge to assess some features of the retinal microvasculature between conventionally performed angiograms.