Showing papers in "Optical Memory and Neural Networks in 2008"
TL;DR: Neural Clouds (NC) is a novel data encapsulation method, which provides a confidence measure regarding classification of the complex system conditions, which is typically available in the presented adaptive algorithm.
Abstract: Condition monitoring is an important and challenging task actual for many areas of industry, medicine and economics. Nowadays it is necessary to provide on-line monitoring of the complex systems status, e.g. the steel production, in order to avoid faults, breakdowns or wrong diagnostics. In the present paper a novel machine learning method for the automated condition monitoring is presented. Neural Clouds (NC) is a novel data encapsulation method, which provides a confidence measure regarding classification of the complex system conditions. The presented adaptive algorithm requires only the data which corresponds to the normal system conditions, which is typically available. At the same time the fault related data acquisition is expensive and fault modeling is not always possible, especially in case one is dealing with steel production, power stations operation, human health condition or critical phenomena in financial markets. These real word applications are also presented in the paper.
29 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a mode solution in the form of a hyperbolic secant for a two-dimensional gradient medium with the refractive index also given by a cylindrical Mikaelian lens was derived and a comparative numerical simulation of plane wave diffraction by both micro-lenses with the help of the twodimensional FDTD-method is performed.
Abstract: A mode solution in the form of a hyperbolic secant for a two-dimensional gradient medium with the refractive index also in the form of hyperbolic secant is derived. A photonic crystal analogue of the cylindrical Mikaelian lens is found and comparative numerical simulation of plane wave diffraction by both micro-lenses with the help of the two-dimensional FDTD-method is performed.
21 citations
TL;DR: The iterative algorithm is shown to demonstrate the fastest convergence when the vectors of expansion are stable nods of the N-dimensional space corresponding to the extremums of the neural-net energy functional, which proves that all conclusions about neural networks and optimization algorithms that are based on Hebbian matrices are true for any other type of matrix.
Abstract: The paper proposes a neural-net iterative algorithm that allows us to represent any random symmetrical N × N matrix as a weighted Hebbian series of configuration vectors with a given accuracy. The iterative algorithm is shown to demonstrate the fastest convergence when the vectors of expansion are stable nods of the N -dimensional space corresponding to the extremums of the neural-net energy functional. It so proves that all conclusions about neural networks and optimization algorithms that are based on Hebbian matrices are true for any other type of matrix.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an estimation of possibility of gas analysis by differential absorption lidars (DIAL) based on gas lasers of the middle IR spectrum range is presented, and the potential of lidar systems based on CO2 laser with radiation frequency converter for ground and onboard sensing of atmospheric water vapor and carbonic oxide concentration profiles is analyzed.
Abstract: The subject of this paper is an estimation of possibility of gas analysis by differential absorption lidars (DIAL) based on gas lasers of the middle IR spectrum range The potential of lidar systems based on CO2 laser with radiation frequency converter for ground and onboard sensing of atmospheric water vapor and carbonic oxide concentration profiles is analyzed Possibilities of NO and NO2 emission detection in ground atmospheric layers using converted frequencies of CO and CO2 laser radiation in onboard DIAL are discussed Absorption lines for methane and ammonia sensing by lidar system based on tunable TEA CO2 laser with frequency converter has chosen The results of an estimation of methane leakage detection from pipelines by onboard lidar are submitted Applicability of the DF laser in onboard DIAL for a control of atmospheric gases is reported
12 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, two type of binary 2D subwavelength (wavelength was λ= 10 mm) focus diffractive photonic crystal lens and calculated the diffraction of plane TE-wave by use FDTD-method.
Abstract: We designed novel two type of binary 2D subwavelength (wavelength was λ= 10 mm) focus diffractive photonic crystal lens and calculated the diffraction of plane TE-wave by use FDTD-method (our program in C++). It has been shown that diffractive photonic crystal lens designs have not an unique solution. It has been also shown the diffractive lens with equal holes in Fresnel zones has better focusing characteristics. Lens diameter was 5 times more than her width and full width half maximum diameter of focal spot was 0.48λ.
10 citations
TL;DR: A new method of laser manufacturing of quasi-periodic nanocompositions from the CNT-protein solution under the laser irradiation has been developed and the topography of such carbon nanotube composite material was investigated with making use of atomic-force microscopy.
Abstract: A new method of laser manufacturing of quasi-periodic nanocompositions from the CNT-protein solution under the laser irradiation has been developed. The topography of such carbon nanotube composite material was investigated with making use of atomic-force microscopy.
8 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that diffusion of the dye in the polymer matrix is responsible for the increased sensitivity of the hologram to elevated temperatures, which may be applied in reusable holographic thermal sensors.
Abstract: Volume hologram recording is implemented experimentally in the bulk of diarylethene dye- doped polymeric host-guest material. A wide range of reciprocity for holographic imaging is demon- strated, ranging from as low as 0.55 mW/cm 2 up to more than 200 mW/cm 2 . At a dye concentration of 2 × 10 -3 M and spatial frequency of 2000 mm -1 , refractive index modulations ∆ n of 2 × 10 -5 at λ = 514.5 nm and 1 × 10 -5 at λ = 830 nm were attained. Increasing the dye concentration to 3.8 × 10 -2 M resulted in higher ∆ n values of 3.8 × 10 -4 at λ = 514.5 nm and 2.1 × 10 -4 at λ = 830 nm. The high fatigue resistance of the dye allows multiple record/erase cycles without degradation. The thermal stability of the dye allows for durability of the recording material at temperatures above 115 ° C. At temperatures above 57 ° C, the hologram is found to exhibit thermal degradation at a rate far exceeding that caused by thermochromism. It is suggested that diffusion of the dye in the polymer matrix is responsible for the increased sensitivity of the hologram to elevated temperatures, which may be applied in reusable holo- graphic thermal sensors.
8 citations
TL;DR: A double ball lens coupling scheme has been designed and the efficiency and variation of the coupling with the working distance have been measured and an optimum separation distance has been found.
Abstract: A double ball lens coupling scheme has been designed. The efficiency of the coupling has been tested. The effect of the lateral and transversal offset on the coupling efficiency has been investigated. Two spherical lenses based on As2S3 and As2Se3 have been used to this purpose. We used a Roithner RLT7605MG 5 mW single mode laser diode as source. The variation of the coupling with the working distance has been measured and an optimum separation distance has been found.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors demonstrate three cases of simple analytical classical Maxwell-Garnett model to estimate the size and concentration of silver and gold nanoparticles and their interface and show that the model can satisfactorily interpret the spectral properties of ISTC and, in particular, determine the presence and thickness of the shell on the surface of metallic nanoparticles in colloidal solution, and their interfaces in porous glass and complex colloidal solutions.
Abstract: This paper demonstrates three cases of simple analytical classical Maxwell-Garnett model to estimate the size and concentration of silver and gold nanoparticles and their interface. The examples show that the model can satisfactorily interpret the spectral properties of ISTC and, in particular, to determine the presence and thickness of the shell on the surface of metallic nanoparticles in colloidal solution, and their interface in porous glass and complex colloidal solutions. The results can be used to study the optical properties of heterogeneous systems with metal nanoparticles, including the evolution of biological systems in vivo and the type of interaction precious metal nanoparticles with biological objects.
6 citations
TL;DR: Testing results show that the use of ANNs on the based of 5 class’s scheme can produce higher classification accuracies than either alternative.
Abstract: Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are used for rare vegetation communities’ classification using remotely sensed data. Training of a neural network requires that the user specifies the network structure and sets the learning parameters. Heuristics proposed by a number of researchers to determine the optimum values of network parameters are compared using datasets. Training and test samples were collected for each class type (12 classes). After preliminary statistical tests for training samples, two modification algorithms of the classification scheme were defined: the first one led to creating a scheme which consisted of 7 classes, and the second one led us to creating of 5 class’s scheme. Testing results show that the use of ANNs on the based of 5 class’s scheme can produce higher classification accuracies than either alternative. The visual analysis of the results of the classification is described using Geoinformation Technologies in details.
4 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that conventional neural networks and learning algorithms based on error gradient can be conceived as a subset of the proposed quantum neural structures with stochastic weights that follow the model of the quantum harmonic oscillator.
Abstract: This paper studies neural structures with weights that follow the model of the quantum harmonic oscillator. The proposed neural networks have stochastic weights which are calculated from the solution of Schrodinger’s equation under the assumption of a parabolic (harmonic) potential. These weights correspond to diffusing particles, which interact with each other as the theory of Brownian motion (Wiener process) predicts. It is shown that conventional neural networks and learning algorithms based on error gradient can be conceived as a subset of the proposed quantum neural structures. The learning of the stochastic weights (convergence of the diffusing particles to an equilibrium) is analyzed. In the case of associative memories the proposed neural model results in an exponential increase of patterns storage capacity (number of attractors).
TL;DR: The paper offers a new kind of neural network for classifying binary patterns that enjoys larger memory capacity and better recognition capabilities—it can distinguish heavily distorted patterns and even cope with pattern correlation.
Abstract: The paper offers a new kind of neural network for classifying binary patterns. Given the dimensionality of patterns, the memory capacity of the network grows exponentially with free parameter s. The paper considers the limitations for parameter s caused by the fact that greater values of demand large computer memory and decrease the basin of attraction we have. In contrast to similar models, the network enjoys larger memory capacity and better recognition capabilities—it can distinguish heavily distorted patterns and even cope with pattern correlation. The negative effect of the latter can be easily suppressed by taking a large enough value of s. A perceptron recognition system is considered to demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm, yet the method is quite applicable in fully connected associative-memory networks.
TL;DR: The model of the device of reading (visualization) of the hidden magnetic information from the holograms combined with magneto-optical layer is presented in the article as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The model of the device of reading (visualization) of the hidden magnetic information from the holograms combined with magneto-optical layer is presented in the article.
TL;DR: It is shown that the proposed neuron-like technique has advantages over the covariance method for a decreased signal-to-noise ratio using one-dimensional chirp signals as an example.
Abstract: We study the possibility of comparison of the results obtained by the conventional covariance method, the L2P method, and the proposed technique based on the use of neuron-like models for calculating comparison measures. It is shown that the proposed neuron-like technique has advantages over the covariance method for a decreased signal-to-noise ratio using one-dimensional chirp signals as an example.
TL;DR: The paper discusses tomography reconstruction of distributed physical fields by using distributed measuring networks based on optical fibre sensors and the advantages of radial basis function neural networks (RBFNN) for data processing of signals in the distributed fiber optical measuring systems.
Abstract: The paper discusses tomography reconstruction of distributed physical fields. The problem is shown to be solved by using distributed measuring networks based on optical fibre sensors. Special attention is paid to tomography measuring networks based on measuring elements with integrated sensitivity. The advantages of radial basis function neural networks (RBFNN) for data processing of signals in the distributed fiber optical measuring systems are studied. RBFNN specifics which enhance the efficiency of computations of physical fields and technical and technological objects under reconstruction are key issues. Comparative analysis of the operating efficiency of RBFNN method and standard analytical and algebraic method for fiber-optical tomography reconstruction is reported.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors look into theoretical and experimental aspects of tribometric interaction between two dielectric substrates with identical surfaces in the course of rapid analysis of their cleanliness.
Abstract: We look into theoretical and experimental aspects of tribometric interaction between two dielectric substrates with identical surfaces in the course of rapid analysis of their cleanliness It is shown that if the coefficient of sliding friction equals that of static friction the surface is can be defined as being of production grade The tribometric interaction of the substrates is experimentally shown not to result in a mechanical damage of the surface under study It is suggested that the device should be complemented by a diffraction grating that generates light pulses Based on the grating parameters, such as light pulse duration, average sum of three pulses, and degree of their deviation from reference values, the level of substrate surface cleanliness is assessed The use of the diffraction grating of period T = 63 μm and slit width b = 20 μm is shown to pro vide a 16-fold increase in the resolution of the tribometric device
TL;DR: To estimate the memory storage as well as the operational reliability of a small Hopfield neural network model with clipping of synapses, the combinatorial methods have been applied and it has been demonstrated that the recognition error probability depends on parity\oddness of etalons number.
Abstract: To estimate the memory storage as well as the operational reliability of a small Hopfield neural network model with clipping of synapses, the combinatorial methods have been applied. It has been demonstrated that the recognition error probability depends on parity\oddness of etalons number, which causes reliability to decrease sawtooth-like rather than monotonously. It had been also shown that the reliability of the network based on odd number of the etalons can be increased by adding a random etalon.
TL;DR: In this paper, a tribometric interaction of two surfaces was used to assess the cleanliness of a substrate surface and surfaces characterized by different contamination levels. And the authors proposed a rapid assessment device that enables multiple use of the indenter substrate when assessing the entire substrate surface.
Abstract: We conduct optimization of parameters and operation modes of a device for rapid assessment of surface cleanliness, relying upon a tribometric interaction of two surfaces. As the result of optimization, device parameters and operation modes that ensure a precise measurement of substrate surface cleanliness are quantified. It is shown that in combination with computerized analysis the rapid assessment device enables a multiple use of the indenter substrate when assessing the cleanliness of the entire substrate surface and surfaces characterized by different contamination level.
TL;DR: It is showed that polarization state evolution in spun fibers is described by the model of helical structure of axes of built-in linear birefringence.
Abstract: An experiment have been proposed, proved and realized which help to make a choice between two models of evolution of light radiation polarization in optical fibers which are made by spinning highly linearly birefringent preforms during the drawing process (common term spun fiber). The model of helical structure of axes of built-in linear birefringence and the model which include circular birefringence are opposed. It is showed that polarization state evolution in spun fibers is described by the model of helical structure of axes of built-in linear birefringence.
TL;DR: In this article, a coherent background is calculated by averaging an intensity of a recorded hologram and the quality of the reconstructed image is measured by using a ratio of peak signal to noise.
Abstract: Image reconstruction from in-line Fresnel holograms by eliminating a coherent background is studied by computer simulation. The coherent background is calculated by averaging an intensity of a recorded hologram. The quality of the reconstructed image is measured by using a ratio of peak signal to noise. In comparison with the conventional reconstruction method, the results show that the background elimination can improve significantly the quality of the reconstructed images.
TL;DR: Dynamical holographic joint transform correlator that uses cadmium fluoride crystal with gallium bistable impurity centers to generate real-time matched filters is proposed in this article.
Abstract: Dynamical holographic joint transform correlator that uses cadmium fluoride crystal with gallium bistable impurity centers to generate real-time matched filters is proposed. Optical scheme features and the correlator performance are presented. Output correlation signals of object discrimination both experimentally obtained and theoretically calculated are demonstrated. Industrial object recognition illustrates possible practical application of the correlator proposed.
TL;DR: The presented technology of leukocytes determination upon blood preparation images uses the image representation in HSL (Hue, Saturation, Lightness) color space and the results of experimental research of the technology quality depending on various distortions on model and real images are described.
Abstract: The presented technology of leukocytes determination upon blood preparation images uses the image representation in HSL (Hue, Saturation, Lightness) color space. The results of experimental research of the technology quality depending on various distortions on model and real images are described.
TL;DR: Time-average digital holography allows to find standing waves distribution all along the surface against a background of progressive waves as mentioned in this paper, allowing also tuning onto resonance by interference fringes in the tasks of surface acoustic wave investigation.
Abstract: Time-average digital holography allows to find standing waves distribution all along the surface against a background of progressive waves This holography allows also tuning onto resonance by interference fringes in the tasks of surface acoustic wave investigation
TL;DR: Line integration 384 × 288 Focal Plane Array (FPA) consists of HgCdTe (MCT) photodiodes array formed in the mercury cadmium telluride p-type epitaxial layers grown both by liquid phase epitaxy or molecular beam epitaxy.
Abstract: Line integration 384 × 288 Focal Plane Array (FPA) consists of HgCdTe (MCT) photodiodes array formed in the mercury cadmium telluride p-type epitaxial layers grown both by liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) or molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) Grown by these methods MCT layers have multilayer compound structure Silicon readout integration circuit (ROIC) performs the photocurrents integration during one line signals output (one row of pixels) period, and signals multiplexing in two output channels from the focal plane The photodiodes array pitch in each direction is 28 μm The influence of MCT surface irregularities and imperfections of MCT epitaxial layers on number of defective elements is investigated
TL;DR: New lay-out for the access control system based on joint transform correlator (jtc) is presented, where image domain jtc is used to match the images retrieved from the holograms.
Abstract: New lay-out for the access control system based on joint transform correlator (jtc) is presented. The carrier-key should consist of several tested holograms. Each of the holograms stores a part of entire image, stored in the reference hologram. Image domain jtc is used to match the images retrieved from the holograms. Being recorded and retrieved, the images provides correlation peaks with special positions, with a strict dependence on the tested and reference holograms mutual shifts. The optical signal transforming is considered by means of mathematical analysis. The experimental results corresponded with computer simulations are presented.
TL;DR: The theoretical analysis of reconstruction problem of distributed physical fields in integrating measuring systems in integratingasuring systems has been carried out and the application prospects have been revealed.
Abstract: The theoretical analysis of reconstruction problem of distributed physical fields in integrating measuring systems has been carried out. The integrating measuring systems are compared with the systems of direct measuring in rare points of the field. And the application prospects have been revealed.
TL;DR: The method of measuring modulated transfer function of rainbow holographic image is described in this article, where the 12 rainbow holograms of special object by using one-step technique was recorded.
Abstract: The method of measuring modulated transfer function of rainbow holographic image is described. The 12 rainbow holograms of special object by using one-step technique was recorded. The rainbow holographic image was obtained from a white-light source. The comparison of obtained results with viewer sensory characteristics is presented.
TL;DR: The developed method is based on estimation of the statistical characteristics of multidimensional probability distribution of the color image components of the blood preparation images classification and the results are compared with the existing methods.
Abstract: A technology of the color textural features formation is presented. The method is based on estimation of the statistical characteristics of multidimensional probability distribution of the color image components. Full scale experiments of the method are presented in application to the blood preparation images classification. The results of the developed method evaluation are discussed in compare with the existing methods.
TL;DR: In this paper, the volume holographic recording characteristics of a new bulk photopolymer, in which a bimolecular photoinitiator system, Eosin Y spirit soluble (EYss)/Triethanolamine (TEA), was doped in poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacricrylate) copolymer matrix have been investigated.
Abstract: Volume holographic recording characteristics of a new bulk photopolymer, in which a bimolecular photoinitiator system, Eosin Y spirit soluble (EYss)/Triethanolamine (TEA) was doped in poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) copolymer matrix have been investigated and reported in this paper Experimental results show that, by introducing bimolecular photoinitiator into the polymer system, the material sensitivity of holographic recording has been improved
TL;DR: An associative-neural-net method to optimize resource allocation between independent tasks in a multiprocessor system that allows the task to be fully solved in O(M) operations is offered.
Abstract: The paper offers an associative-neural-net method to optimize resource allocation between independent tasks in a multiprocessor system. In the case of a dual-core CPU the method allows the task to be fully solved in O(M) operations.